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Currently, transport planning has changed its paradigm from projects oriented to guarantee service levels to projects oriented to guarantee accessibility to opportunities. In this context, a number of studies and tools aimed at calculating accessibility are being made available, however these tools depend on job location data that are not always easily accessible. Thus, this work proposes the creation of a database with the locations of formal jobs in Brazilian cities. The method uses the RAIS jobs database and the CNEFE street faces database to infer the location of jobs in urban regions from the zip code and the number of non-residential addresses on street faces. As a result, jobs can be located more accurately in large and medium-sized cities and approximately in single zip code cities. Finally, the databases are made available openly so that researchers and planning professionals can easily apply accessibility analyzes throughout the national territory., Comment: 9 pages, in Portuguese language, 3 figures, 1 table, Data presentation paper

Society is changing, has always changed, and will keep changing. However, changes are becoming faster and what used to happen between generations, now happens in the same generation. Computing Science is one of the reasons for this speed and permeates, basically, every other knowledge area. This paper (written in Portugu\^es) describes, briefly, the worldwide initiatives to introduce Computing Science teaching in schools. As the paper's main conclusion, it is essential to introduce Computing Science and Computational Thinking for kids before they enter into a university., Comment: 9 pages, in Portuguese. Published as a chapter in the book "Desafios da Educa\c{c}\~ao T\'ecnico-Cient\'ifica no Ensino M\'edio". 1ed.Rio de Janeiro: Academia Brasileira de Ci\^encias, 2018

The thought-provoking analogy between AI and electricity, made by computer scientist and entrepreneur Andrew Ng, summarizes the deep transformation that recent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have triggered in the world. This chapter presents an overview of the ever-evolving landscape of AI, written in Portuguese. With no intent to exhaust the subject, we explore the AI applications that are redefining sectors of the economy, impacting society and humanity. We analyze the risks that may come along with rapid technological progress and future trends in AI, an area that is on the path to becoming a general-purpose technology, just like electricity, which revolutionized society in the 19th and 20th centuries. A provocativa compara\c{c}\~ao entre IA e eletricidade, feita pelo cientista da computa\c{c}\~ao e empreendedor Andrew Ng, resume a profunda transforma\c{c}\~ao que os recentes avan\c{c}os em Intelig\^encia Artificial (IA) t\^em desencadeado no mundo. Este cap\'itulo apresenta uma vis\~ao geral pela paisagem em constante evolu\c{c}\~ao da IA. Sem pretens\~oes de exaurir o assunto, exploramos as aplica\c{c}\~oes que est\~ao redefinindo setores da economia, impactando a sociedade e a humanidade. Analisamos os riscos que acompanham o r\'apido progresso tecnol\'ogico e as tend\^encias futuras da IA, \'area que trilha o caminho para se tornar uma tecnologia de prop\'osito geral, assim como a eletricidade, que revolucionou a sociedade dos s\'eculos XIX e XX., Comment: In Portuguese

Context: New systems have emerged within the Industry 4.0 paradigm. These systems incorporate characteristics such as autonomy in decision making and acting in the context of IoT systems, continuous connectivity between devices and applications in cyber-physical systems, omnipresence properties in ubiquitous systems, among others. Thus, the engineering of these systems has changed, drastically affecting the manner of their construction process. In this context, to identify simple and playful alternatives to teach how to build them is a difficult task. Objective: To present how to teach IoT systems using games, to reveal challenges and opportunities obtained through a literature review. Method: A Structured Literature Review (StLR), supported by the Snowballing technique, was executed to find empirical studies related to teaching, games and IoT systems. Results: 12 papers were found about teaching IoT systems using games. As challenges and opportunities, many issues were identified related to IoT systems programming, modularity, hardware constraints, among others. Conclusion: In this work, research challenges and opportunities were found in the context of IoT systems teaching. Due to specific features of these systems, teaching their construction is a difficult activity to carry out., Comment: in portuguese

Carrinheiros are collectors of recyclable materials that use human-powered vehicles. Carrinheiro's collection routes can be tiring depending on the paths chosen. Therefore, this work proposes an algorithm for suggesting customizable routes based on three edge costing policies: Less Work Policy, Less Impedance Policy, and Short Distance Policy. This work used the tools osmnx and networkx to construct graphs, geographic data from Open Street Map, and elevations from Topodata. The simulations performed in Simulation of Urban MObility (SUMO) demonstrated that the proposed algorithm could minimize the power applied to push the vehicle, the distance, and the travel time, according to the policy used., Comment: 14 pages, in Portuguese, submitted paper

There are many initiatives of transparency reported in the access and use of government open data for different purposes. This practice reveals an important requirement to accomplish the participatory governance. The literature has reported a minimal set of criteria to categorize a specific data repository as open. This paper discusses to which extent specific national and international data repositories address these criteria. The analyzed repositories focus on public health and prison systems. The results show different levels of alignment to the criteria and provide evidence that the adoption of government open data practices are a reality. On the other hand, there is still a long way to achieve full alignment to the stated criteria., Comment: in Portuguese

This article presents initiatives aimed at promoting female participation in STEM fields, with the goal of encouraging more women to pursue careers in these areas. One of these initiatives is the Em\'ilias - Arma\c{c}\~ao em Bits Project, which organizes workshops in schools. Additionally, a podcast has been created to foster interaction between young people and professionals in the field of computing, while also contributing to the establishment of female role models in the industry. The results of these initiatives have been promising, as 70.6% of the students who participated in the workshops expressed an interest in computing. Furthermore, according to Spotify, the podcast's audience consists of 53% females, 44% males, and 3% unspecified, indicating that it has successfully reached a female demographic. Resumo. Este artigo apresenta iniciativas que t\^em como objetivo promover a participa\c{c}\~ao das mulheres nas \'areas de STEM, buscando encorajar mais mulheres a seguirem carreiras nesses campos. O Projeto Em\'ilias - Arma\c{c}\~ao em Bits desenvolve oficinas nas escolas e tamb\'em um podcast, promovendo a intera\c{c}\~ao entre jovens e profissionais da \'area de computa\c{c}\~ao, al\'em de contribuir para a forma\c{c}\~ao de modelos femininos nesse campo. Os resultados demonstraram que 70,6% das estudantes demonstraram interesse pela computa\c{c}\~ao ap\'os participarem das oficinas. Em rela\c{c}\~ao aos ouvintes do podcast, dados do Spotify indicaram que 53% do p\'ublico se identifica como feminino, 44% como masculino, e 3% n\~ao especificaram o g\^enero, o que mostra que o podcast tem alcan\c{c}ado um p\'ublico feminino., Comment: In Portuguese. 10 pages. Accepted for XVII Women in Information Technology (WIT 2023)

The evolution of audiovisual computer interfaces was an important milestone for the popularization of the internet without which it is impossible to conceive the use of this technology in modern society However the progress of these interfaces has not taken exclusively beneficial paths for humanity From the beginning of the 21st century onwards an increase in interface design patterns was observed that instead of facilitating navigation harmed users or restricted their decisionmaking capabilities earning them the name of Dark Patterns In view of this the present work aims to address whether Dark Patterns are legal or illegal in the face of Brazilian data protection and consumer law verifying in the absence of specific norms on Dark Patterns the best way to regulate them The research method employed is qualitative analyzing research court cases norms and national and foreign documents on Dark Patterns After addressing its effects its legal development and establishing a definition compatible with Brazilian law it was concluded that although some implementations are capable of producing damage and violating rights in some cases the mere declaration of the illegality of these techniques is an insufficient solution requiring further investigations regarding the hypotheses in which their negative impacts are less apparent or when they are used for beneficial purposes among other unsolved problems Therefore it is suggested that the regulation of Dark Patterns should occur through a system composed of formal laws and regulations of public administration bodies through a multidisciplinary approach that is adaptable to new findings and technologies, Comment: in Portuguese language. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2101.04843 by other authors

Educational Data Mining (EDM) shows interesting scientific results lately. However, little has been discussed about philosophical questions regarding the type of knowledge produced in this area. This paper aims to present two epistemological issues in EDM: (i) a question of ontological nature about the content of the knowledge obtained; and (ii) a question of deontological nature, about the guidelines and principles adopted by the researcher in education, to the detriment of the results of his own research. In the end, some considerations and guidelines are outlined as a result of the discussion of the issues raised., Comment: 10 pages, in Portuguese. Brazilian Symposium on Computers in Education

The internet development and the consequent change in communication forms have strengthened as online social networks, increasing the involvement of people with this media and making consumers of products and services, which are more informed and demanding for companies. This context has given rise to Social CRM, which can be put into practice by means of electronic word of mouth platforms, enable web sharing of comments and evaluations about companies, defining their reputation. However, most electronic word of mouth platforms do not provide information for extracting your information, making it difficult to analyze the data. To satisfy this gap, a system was developed to capture and automatically summarize the data of the companies registered in the eBit platform., Comment: in Portuguese, Paper presented at the 15th International Conference On Information Systems & Technology Management

Online social networks have changed the ways of communication and social interactions, especially in the Customer Relationship Management (CRM). In this sense, a new concept about business strategies involving CRM and social media has aroused, known as Social Customer Relationship Management. Despite to be an emergent and promising research field, it was perceived that Micro and Small Enterprises (MSE) have shown few or no process of Social CRM implemented. Aiming to test this hypothesis, this work conducts a market analysis in Santar\'em City, located in the Par\'a State, evaluating the adoption of Social CRM by MSE. The main contribution of this study is related to the understanding of the dynamics between Social CRM and MSE. As results, the construction of insights' list of products and solutions suitable for the implementation of Social CRM by MSE, with the potential to guide research and development projects in this area., Comment: in Portuguese, Paper presented at the 15th International Conference On Information Systems & Technology Management

Digital games are increasingly part of a cyberculture engendered by digital platforms. With this in mind, we approach in this work some considerations about World of Warcraft players as fans and content producers and the narrative disputes that emerge about the game on fan work publishing platforms (Archive of Our Own and DeviantArt). We analyzed a vast set of fanfics and fanarts collected on these platforms, showing a textuality that involves not only the digital game, but a whole network of fan production that expands beyond the act of playing. Our observations show that, despite the popular perception that World of Warcraft fandom is mostly male and heteronormative, women and LGBTQI+ people are a large participatory audience and produce a lot of content, especially in the fanfic universe. The works created are also quite marked by narratives of dissident bodies and sexualities. However, despite the presence of these subjects and narratives in the fandom, this content is made invisible in DeviantArt, which privileges male artists and heteronormative fanarts of a commercial nature., Comment: in Portuguese language

The pervasiveness of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is unquestionable in our society. Even in the arts, AI is present. A notorious case is the song "Hey Ya!" of the OutKast group, successful in the 2000s. At this time, the music industry began to make decisions based on data to strategize based on predictions of listeners' habits. This case is just one of the countless examples of AI applications in the arts. The advent of deep learning made it possible to build systems capable of accurately recognizing artistic style in paintings. Content generation is also possible; for example, Deepart customizes images from two \textit{inputs}: 1) an image to be customized; 2) a style of painting. The generation of songs according to specific styles from AI-based systems is also possible. Such possibilities raise questions about the intellectual property of such works. On this occasion, who owns the copyright of a work produced from a system based on Artificial Intelligence? To the creator of the AI? The company/corporation that subsidized the development of this system? Or AI itself as a creator? This essay aims to contribute with a technicist view on the discussion of copyright applicability from works produced by AI., Comment: in Portuguese language. Texto publicado pelo Instituto Observat\'orio de Direito Autoral, dispon\'ivel em: https://ioda.org.br/protecao-intelectual-de-obras-produzidas-por-sistemas-baseados-em-inteligencia-artificial-uma-visao-tecnicista-sobre-o-tema/

Knowledge about programming is part of the knowledge matrix that will be required of the professionals of the future. Based on this, this work aims to report the development of a teaching tool developed during the monitoring program of the Algorithm and Computer Programming discipline of the University of Fortaleza. The tool combines the knowledge acquired in the books, with a language closer to the students, using video lessons and exercises proposed, with all the content available on the internet. The preliminary results were positive, with the students approving this new approach and believing that it could contribute to a better performance in the discipline., Comment: in Portuguese language

This article describes a proposal to create a digital currency that allows the decentralized collection of resources directed to initiatives and activities that aim to protect the Brazilian Amazon ecosystem by using blockchain and digital contracts. In addition to the digital currency, the goal is to design a smart contract based in oracles to ensure credibility and security for investors and donors of financial resources invested in projects within the Standing Forest Coin (SFC - standingforest.org)., Comment: in Portuguese

This paper describes three programming problems that are simple enough to be used in the beginning of a CS undergraduate program but also interesting enough to be worth exploring with different approaches. We are able to apply a mixture of programming practices, abstraction and algebraic approaches to the problems, so that these subjects may be presented as complementary and allowing for clear and elegant solutions., Comment: In Portuguese

The digital educational solutions are increasingly used demanding high quality functionalities. In this sense, standards and models are made available by governments, associations, and researchers being most used in quality control and assessment sessions. The eQETIC model was built according to the approach of continuous process improvement favoring the quality management for development and maintenance of digital educational solutions. This article presents two expert systems to support the implementation of eQETIC model and demonstrates that such systems are able to support users during the model implementation. Developed according to two types of shells (SINTA/UFC and e2gLite/eXpertise2go), the systems were used by a professional who develops these type of solutions and showed positive results regarding the support offered by them in implementing the rules proposed by eQETIC model., Comment: in Portuguese

This work consists of a study that addresses the context of false news in the reality of today's world. False news is a widely used expression currently. During the study, it was possible to identify problems generalized about this theme, such as the wide spread that these have and the impact they have on society. From these problems it was possible to identify more specific ones, such as the origin of the news, the news source, a person who shares and/or creates news and the interpersonal relationship existing. With the identification of the aforementioned sub-problems, it was possible develop a taxonomic model with the aim of implementing a tool that helps in detecting false news, identifying if a news is true, false or whether the user must be careful (when it is not possible identify whether the news is true or false). After implementation, it was possible get a tool that allows you to calculate a probability of a news being false, selected as selected options in each parameter. It was also possible to verify that a probability was correct and that the tool is reviewed in the study carried out., Comment: in Portuguese

The interest in the use of the HF band in telecommunication has increased significantly in the last decade, mainly due to the development of new standards for military telecommunications in HF, as well as the expansion of digital broadcasting in the HF band. More specifically, these new standards allow the implementation of links of hundreds or thousands of kilometers at a low cost, which suggests a widespread adoption can occur. In Brazil, this type of communication can be used in remote regions or regions of difficult access, such as the Amazon rain-forest region. In addition to the evolution of technologies concerning the physical layer of the HF telecommunication systems, there has been a great development of techniques that use machine learning algorithms for audio and image coding. It is believed that all these advances will enable the use of the HF band for communication services in places without telecommunication infrastructure. This work presents recent applications of HF radio for digital links in Brazil, describing the challenges present for the development of telecommunication systems in the HF band., Comment: in Portuguese. Article present at SET eXperience 2020. Video presentation at: https://youtu.be/shkyEcHl7Fk

Industry is part of an economy that produces highly mechanized and automated material goods. Since the beginning of industrialization, there have been several stages and paradigm shifts that today are ex-post-so-called industrial revolutions: in the field of mechanization (called the 1st industrial revolution), the intensive use of electrical energy (called the 2nd industrial revolution) and widespread digitization (called the 3rd industrial revolution). In this sense, for this future expectation, the term (Industry 4.0) was established for a 4th industrial revolution. Developments especially in Europe, but also in the United States, coined as the Industrial Internet, are often compared with the continuation of disruptive increases in industrial production, such as revolutions initiated by steam, electricity, etc. Aspects of continuous workforce training, and the use of sustainability resources in industrial, economic and general IT governance policies are not widespread and are the main problems and challenges in paradigms in Industry 4.0. Directions for future thematic research that will be covered in this article., Comment: in Portuguese

The article presents a brief review of the Brazilian legislation that impacts indigenous communities' digital privacy rights through governmental data collection. Furthermore, the article aims to discuss the need to collect sensitive data from indigenous communities without the participation of the same communities in developing the features for the data collection. The article argues that the digitalization of indigenous communities' information follows a colonial paradigm, harming entire indigenous communities and worsening their already precarious situation. -- O artigo apresenta uma breve revis\~ao da legisla\c{c}\~ao brasileira que impacta os direitos de privacidade digital das comunidades ind\'igenas por meio da coleta de dados governamentais. Al\'em disso, o artigo visa discutir a necessidade de coletar dados sens\'iveis de comunidades ind\'igenas sem a participa\c{c}\~ao das mesmas comunidades no desenvolvimento dos recursos para a coleta de dados. O artigo argumenta que a digitaliza\c{c}\~ao das informa\c{c}\~oes das comunidades ind\'igenas segue um paradigma colonial, prejudicando comunidades ind\'igenas inteiras e agravando sua situa\c{c}\~ao j\'a prec\'aria., Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures, in Portuguese-Brasil

Experts in Artificial Intelligence (AI) development predict that advances in the development of intelligent systems and agents will reshape vital areas in our society. Nevertheless, if such an advance is not made prudently and critically, reflexively, it can result in negative outcomes for humanity. For this reason, several researchers in the area have developed a robust, beneficial, and safe concept of AI for the preservation of humanity and the environment. Currently, several of the open problems in the field of AI research arise from the difficulty of avoiding unwanted behaviors of intelligent agents and systems, and at the same time specifying what we really want such systems to do, especially when we look for the possibility of intelligent agents acting in several domains over the long term. It is of utmost importance that artificial intelligent agents have their values aligned with human values, given the fact that we cannot expect an AI to develop human moral values simply because of its intelligence, as discussed in the Orthogonality Thesis. Perhaps this difficulty comes from the way we are addressing the problem of expressing objectives, values, and ends, using representational cognitive methods. A solution to this problem would be the dynamic approach proposed by Dreyfus, whose phenomenological philosophy shows that the human experience of being-in-the-world in several aspects is not well represented by the symbolic or connectionist cognitive method, especially in regards to the question of learning values. A possible approach to this problem would be to use theoretical models such as SED (situated embodied dynamics) to address the values learning problem in AI., Comment: in Portuguese

The growing of cities has resulted in innumerable technical and managerial challenges for public administrators such as energy consumption, pollution, urban mobility and even supervision of private and public spaces in an appropriate way. Urban Computing emerges as a promising paradigm to solve such challenges, through the extraction of knowledge, from a large amount of heterogeneous data existing in urban space. Moreover, Urban Computing correlates urban sensing, data management, and analysis to provide services that have the potential to improve the quality of life of the citizens of large urban centers. Consider this context, this chapter aims to present the fundamentals of Urban Computing and the steps necessary to develop an application in this area. To achieve this goal, the following questions will be investigated, namely: (i) What are the main research problems of Urban Computing?; (ii) What are the technological challenges for the implementation of services in Urban Computing?; (iii) What are the main methodologies used for the development of services in Urban Computing?; and (iv) What are the representative applications in this field?, Comment: in Portuguese. Simp\'osio Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores e Sistemas Distribu\'idos (SBRC) 2019 - Minicursos

In order to implement a STEAM approach including the use of technology, namely the use of interactive mathematics software GeoGebra, in mathematics classes, in the lusophone space, the materials presented here were conceived, to be implemented in a first phase among teachers. Later, with the necessary adaptations, these tasks will be applied to the students. The tasks deal with modeling situations, in two- and three-dimensional geometric problems, in order to apply GeoGebra software in its analysis to illustrate its capabilities. The different windows of this software are used, namely the 2D and 3D windows, CAS window, spreadsheet and extra two dimensional windows in order to study cutting planes in solids and some surfaces. The tasks are presented so that any user, regardless of the degree of knowledge they have of the software, can follow them, being supported in scripts with some indications of the tools and commands to use. Designed for the teaching and learning of Mathematics, from a STEAM approach, these tasks allow connections with other Sciences and the Arts, and allow the development of projects using and consolidating relevant mathematical contents. These tasks are part of the proposals of activities of the participants of the Training Courses for Trainers in GeoGebra for Portuguese Speaking Countries, which from 2019 have an impact on the STEAM approach. These courses are carried out with the high sponsorship of the Organization of Ibero-American States for Education, Science and Culture (OEI). Given the interest that the tasks have for the users of the Iberian space, as well as their dissemination at a global level, the materials initially developed in Portuguese language will be adapted for Spanish and English speakers., Comment: in Portuguese

For an offer of the same course for thousands of students, for face-to-face or distance learning, some uniformities must be adopted to allow a comparison of performance in the teaching-learning processes. The Evaluation Unified Process (EUP) was designed and used in an introductory programming course called the Information Process (IP) for students of the Bachelor of Science and Technology of the Federal University of ABC. Initially, the face-to-face scenario (IP-Class) is presented, pointing out the problems identified, describing the EUP designed and applied in mixed learning environments (IP-BL), including the use of software tools developed for this purpose. The two scenarios (IP-Class and IP-BL) are compared with the use of data from all classes of the last 9 years of course application., Comment: 29 pages, in Portuguese, 8 figures, 11 tables

One the major challenges in undergraduate computing programs is the learning of object-oriented programming (OOP). This paradigm has a variety of concepts with an abstraction level usually high for most beginners, even the ones who already code in an imperative language. Furthermore, transitioning from imperative programming to OOP is a complex issue, with various inappropriate side effects. A significant effort has been pursued in the search of motivating and attractive solutions for such issues. One of those is the use of playful environments that merge games with learning. In this work, we report our experience with OOP learning workshops by means of games, challenges and competitions, supported by Greenfoot and Robocode learning environments. A workshop with sophomore students in a Computer Engineering program is presented here. Lessons learning to motive students include: design of motivating examples, use of competitive challenges, and an appropriate ratio between tutors and students. Results suggest that the workshop was a practical and effective way to introduce OOP and motivate students to learn it., Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, COBENGE 2015 - XLIII Congresso Brasileiro de Educa\c{c}\~ao em Engenharia, in Portuguese

Virtual learning environments are actual solutions that facilitate collaborative learning, both in classroom and distance education. However, such environments are not yet fully disseminated in Brazilian universities. This work reports a learning experience designed as a workshop that aims to popularize the use of the Canvas virtual learning environment in an university. The workshop emphasizes the support to collaborative learning through resources of the environment. Learned lessons include: the value of adequate planning of workshop activities; the potential of the environment regarding various uses by instructors; and the relevance of collaborative learning for instructors., Comment: 9 pages, 2 tables, in Portuguese

The goal of this article is to clarify the meaning of Computational Thinking. We differentiate logical from computational reasoning and discuss the importance of Computational Thinking in solving problems. The three pillars of Computational Thinking - Abstraction, Automation and Analysis - are outlined, highlighting the role of each one in developing the skills needed for the problem-solving process. ----- O objetivo deste artigo \'e esclarecer o significado de Pensamento Computacional. Diferencia-se o racioc\'inio l\'ogico do computacional e discute-se a import\^ancia do Pensamento Computacional na resolu\c{c}\~ao de problemas. Os tr\^es pilares do Pensamento Computacional - Abstra\c{c}\~ao, Automa\c{c}\~ao e An\'alise - s\~ao delineados, destacando-se o papel de cada um deles no desenvolvimento das habilidades necess\'arias para o processo de solu\c{c}\~ao de problemas., Comment: 18 pages, in Portuguese