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Copyright of Revista Evidenciação Contábil & Finanças is the property of Revista Evidenciacao Contabil & Financas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente is the property of Universidade Federal do Parana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Científica Hermes is the property of Fase Educacao e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Investigações em Ensino de Ciências is the property of Instituto de Fisica-UFRGS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Exacta is the property of Exacta - Engenharia de Producao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Applied Economics / Economía Aplicada is the property of FEA-RP, Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper aims to show the essential aspects of the development of the physical concept of energy, in order to subsidize the choice of teachers about the best way to understand and teach this concept. We will study the thought of some of the main scientists who were interested on the subject, and the emerging debates around this topic. The paper is divided in two parts. Firstly, some contributions of Thomas Young, Johann Bernoulli, Galileo Galilei, René Descartes and Leibniz will be analyzed. Moreover, the evolution of the physical concept of energy in the context of machines and beyond the mechanics will be presented. The main idea that guides the discussion of this text is the fact that the development of the physical concept of energy is closely related to the development of the principle that there is a "constancy in the midst of change". That is, something is always constant despite changes in the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The product of extraction in the mining planning of ornamental stone consist in blocks closest to regulars with several dimensions. The paper done has been objective to analyze the mining planning for tipping over of the several geometric configurations of the blocks. These have been classified into quadrangular or rectangular regular prism without "Boca de Lobo" (B.L), oblique with upper declivity without B.L, oblique with upper declivity and with B.L, and quadrangular or rectangular regular prism with B.L, applied the conservation of the mechanics energy theory and quantity of movement with to obtain the angular velocity (ω). Has been conclude that a scalar magnitude ω, in rad/s, obtain the biggest influence when the blocks have the characteristics with presence of upper part declivity as a show the results with velocities ω = 1,52 rad/s to the dimension stone of type (2) and ω = 1, 906 rad/s to the dimension stone of type (3). It was concluded that the angular velocity has a greater influence on the blocks with slope on their upper face, suggesting an optimization in the geometry of the blocks to maximize the production chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the difficulties of a graduate student in the area of Energy in writing the introduction of a research paper in English. Two versions of the text (one after the instruction and another after the conference with the instructor) were compared with Swales' (2004) and Samraj' (2002) models of introductions taught in the English academic writing course offered. The student revealed the following problems: narration as the rhetorical mode of organization of the text, the absence of Move 2 of the introduction, inappropriate choice of vocabulary. The combination of these factors prevented the article from having the cultural value of the academic article genre: self-promotion. The data raise questions about the limits of empirical description of genres and their teaching based on this kind of description. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper consists of a preliminary study of the effects of thermoelectric generators based on the principle of application of the Seebeck effect for the generation of electric energy. To do so, a bibliographic survey about the subject was carried out, aiming to evaluate the main characteristics and the possibilities of applications. In a concise way, some preliminary results are presented regarding the production of samples of the bismuth-antimony-zinc alloy, produced through powders obtained by the powder metallurgy process. They were developed with the intention of being objects of studies in the sequence of the research, in order to know the characteristics and thermoelectric properties of these materials after being compacted. The first results were obtained by measuring the voltage of each analyzed composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Agricultural Sciences / Revista Brasileira de Ciências Agrárias is the property of Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anuario do Instituto de Geociencias is the property of Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Geociencias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia is the property of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinaria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este trabalho discute as dificuldades de um pós-graduando da área de energia na confecção da introdução de um artigo acadêmico em inglês. Duas versões do texto foram analisadas (uma após a instrução e outra após a conferência com a instrutora), comparando-as com os modelos de introdução de Swales (2004) e de Samraj (2002) ensinados no curso. O aluno apresentou os seguintes problemas: a narração como modo de organização retórica do texto, a ausência do movimento 2 dos modelos, uma escolha inadequada de léxico. A combinação desses elementos impediu que o texto apresentasse o valor cultural do gênero textual artigo acadêmico - a autopromoção. Os dados suscitam questionamentos sobre os limites da descrição empírica dos gêneros textuais e de seu ensino.This paper discusses the difficulties of a graduate student in the area of Energy in writing the introduction of a research paper in English. Two versions of the text (one after the instruction and another after the conference with the instructor) were compared with Swales' (2004) and Samraj' (2002) models of introductions taught in the English academic writing course offered. The student revealed the following problems: narration as the rhetorical mode of organization of the text, the absence of Move 2 of the introduction, inappropriate choice of vocabulary. The combination of these factors prevented the article from having the cultural value of the academic article genre: self-promotion. The data raise questions about the limits of empirical description of genres and their teaching based on this kind of description.

The energy crisis is an absolute limit to the reproduction of capital. Because of it, the extraterritorial logic of capitalism remakes the international work division to appropriate more lands and natural resources for energy generation. As a result of it, semi peripheral economies are taken to the productive specialization in agro-energy commodities. In Brazil, this can be seen through the competitive entry neo-developmental politics in the world market, particularly as an agro-diesel provider. This causes the territorial adequacy of local products to the determinability of commodity markets. What marks that adjustment is the National Program of Bio-Diesel Production and Use - PNPB, instituted as a regional expansion of the agricultural frontier of oil for production of bio-diesel politics, under the guise of social inclusion of farmers and peasants. This paper discusses the PNPB as an agrarian reflection of this global scenery and, also, how the peasants have an institutional submission to a capitalist logic that is contrary to their rationality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to show the essential aspects of the development of the physical concept of energy, in order to subsidize the choice of teachers on the best way to understand and teach this concept, and it is divided into two parts. Firstly, we have shown some contributions by Thomas Young, Johann Bernoulli, Galileo Galilei, René Descartes and Leibniz, and how was the evolution of the physical concept of energy in the context of machines and beyond the mechanics. In the second and final part, we have finished our analysis presenting some decisive contributions of Joule and Kelvin for the correct and modern formulation of the principle of conservation of energy and, consequently, of the physical concept of energy. Then, we have given our suggestion on how to approach this concept in the classroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to explore the intersections between the spatial configurations of disaster risk and its political, social, and cultural consequences. The article presents the results of the first phase of the field research, carried out between September 2021 and March 2022 in Vila Nova Esperança, a low-income community in the western periphery of São Paulo. The research originated from the ethnographic analysis of the access to energy infrastructure and services, defined as the object of study through the notion of energy space, ensuing from Setha Low’s work on ethnography of space and culture. The precarity marking the energy space extends to other dimensions of the inhabited space and its social relations, encompassing other fragilities related to disaster risk and the impacts of climate change. Emerging from the systematization of the histories of people and place is the permanent and intertemporal character of precarity, which despite the achievements of the community and the residents, presents itself as a political fact. The results combine the analysis carried out with data on urbanization in the periphery of São Paulo, being the ethnographic work based on the narratives of community members, together with the study of the spatial configurations of energy access. From this triangulation emerges the combination of the social construction of biophysical and social risk as a transversal element that shapes the main result of the article: the multiplication of forms and dynamics of the social production of risk as a process that goes beyond disaster risk and the impacts of climate change. In this sense, the phrase “normalization of precarity” in the title is a provocation, an invitation to look into the intertemporal permanence of precarity in the periphery of São Paulo.

Copyright of Ensaios FEE is the property of Fundacao de Economia e Estatistica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais is the property of Centro de Estudos Sociais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Electrónica de Enseñanza de las Ciencias is the property of Revista Electronica de Ensenanza de las Ciencias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Economia e Administração is the property of INSPER Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Economia e Administração is the property of INSPER Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Management Analysis / Revista Gestão em Análise is the property of Revista Gestao em Analise and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Even though oil continues leading energy discussions worldwide the share of natural gas in total energy is expected to equal that of oil by 2030. The United States (US) has played a key role in that transition: in the last two decades a qualitative technological leap forward has driven this country to an energy revival through the exploration and production of unconventional gas and oil. Since its independence Latin America has been considered theUnited States‘ backyard with notorious emphasis in Central American andCaribbeancountries. However, the increasing energy potential that others Latin American countries like Argentina and Brazil have turned to posses in the unconventional hydrocarbons industry have led to a renewed interest in the region beyond its traditional partners. The aim of this paper is to explore what could be the interest for theUSin shale developments inSouth America; which are the countries with more potential in developing shale gas industries based on their reserves and above ground factors; and which is the current state of the foreseen South American shale revolution. Keywords: Shale gas; energy; South America; energy security. RESUMEN Pese a que el petróleo continúa liderando los debates energéticos en todo el mundo, se espera que para el 2030 la participación del gas en el total energético mundial lo iguale. Estados Unidos ha jugado un rol fundamental en dicha transición: en las últimas dos décadas un salto tecnológico cualitativo ha llevado al país a un resurgimiento energético a través de la exploración y producción de gas y petróleo no convencional. Desde su independencia, América Latina ha sido considerada el “patio trasero de Estados Unidos”, con especial énfasis en los países centroamericanos y caribeños. No obstante, el creciente potencial energético que otros países de la región como Argentina y Brasil han resultado tener en relación a la industria de hidrocarburos no convencionales ha conllevado un renovado interés norteamericano más allá de sus socios tradicionales en la región. El objetivo del presente trabajo es explorar cuál sería el interés de Estados Unidos en el desarrollo de la industria del shale en Sudamérica; cuáles son los países de esta subregión con mayor potencial para el desarrollo de shale gas en base a sus reservas y factores por encima del suelo (above ground factors); y cuál es el estado actual de la anunciada “revolución del shale en Sudamérica”. Palabras Claves: Shale gas; energía; América del Sur; seguridad energética. Recebido em: 28 ago. 2019 | Aceito em: 20 mar. 2020.

This paper aims to demonstrate that the Barack Obama administration points out an ambicious reversion in the energy and enviromental policies in comparison to the controvertial political agenda of the Bush administration though actions in the national and international arenas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Carta Internacional is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Relacoes Internacionais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper aims to determine whether there is for Cuba a growing non-monotonic relationship, known as the Environmental Kuznets Curve, between emissions of CO2, NOx and SO2 in relation to income levels as a measure of the degree of development a basic model from 1970 to 2010. In addition to exploring an extended model involving product structure and trade on emissions. These gases by the importance of the intensification of global warming and therefore in strengthening the climate change are studied. A positive relationship of emissions of the three gases with GDP, although with evidence of an emerging virtuous development path of emissions is obtained, in any case it is possible without a comprehensive development policy which is prioritized design mitigation options.

Existing problems resulting from the shortage of fossil fuels and the environmental degradation caused by their use has become vital to the use of renewable energies to replace these fuels. This need is reflected in the objective 87 of the Guidelines for Economic and Social Policy of the Party and the Revolution adopted at the Sixth Congress of the PCC. This paper aims at a theoretical experimental study aimed for the future utilization of waste (biomass) for energy purposes, residue derived from the brewing, in Cuban industries. The cost-benefit analysis to select the best variant of three possible is used. The result showed choose the variant: use biogas for saving fuel oil in boilers, with a term of payback of three years.

RESUMEN Este artículo presenta la configuración del territorio en la Provincia del Chaco (Argentina) como reflejo del papel desempeñado en los modelos de acumulación dominantes desde el Virreinato del Alto Perú hasta la actualidad. Se analizan los procesos de ocupación poblacional, la expansión de las actividades productivas y el avance de las redes viales, ferroviarias, fluviales y energéticas. Para el siglo XXI se han identificado planes y proyectos de transporte y de energía que involucran al territorio chaqueño, tanto aquellos formulados desde instancias supranacionales como los priorizados por agendas nacionales y provinciales, considerando que podrían modificar la estructura territorial y las oportunidades de desarrollo de esta región. Así se considera la posibilidad de que haya un cambio para los territorios que históricamente han quedado relegados y que hoy pasarían a ocupar un nuevo lugar en la geografía de los proyectos de interconexión a escala regional, y que movilizan oportunidades para nuevos proyectos a escala local. ABSTRACT This paper analyses territorial configuration in the Province of Chaco (Argentine), reflecting the role played in dominant accumulation models, from the Viceroyalty of Peru Alto until today. Population processes, productive activities expansion and networks construction (roads, railways, ports, energy installations), are analyzed. For the XXI century, transport and energy plans and projects, involving and the Chaco territory, have been identified. We have taken into account those initiatives promoted from supranational organizations as well as those prioritized in national and provincial agendas, considering they could change territorial structure and development opportunities for this region. In this way we consider the possibility of change for those territories that have been historically relegated and today they would occupy a new place in the geography of regional interconnection projects and that mobilize new opportunities for local projects.

Copyright of Amazônia, Organizações e Sustentabilidade (AOS) is the property of Amazon, Organizations & Sustainability - AOS / Amazônia, Organizações e Sustentabilidade (AOS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

O biodiesel de sebo bovino é considerado uma alternativa de baixo custo e de grande disponibilidade por ser resíduo da produção agropecuária brasileira, que é uma das maiores do mundo. Raros são os trabalhos que mostram a utilização do biodiesel de sebo bovino em motores diesel. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o efeito da mistura de biodiesel bovino na proporção de 5% ao óleo diesel comercial no desempenho do motor, possíveis consequências internas no motor e nas características do óleo lubrificante após o uso prolongado em motor diesel. Foram realizados ensaios em bancada dinamométrica utilizando um trator agrícola. O desempenho do motor foi determinado através da tomada de potência (TDP). O motor foi operado por 600h durante as quais foi determinada a potência, o consumo de combustível e analisadas as amostras de óleo lubrificante a cada 100h. Ao final do ensaio, o motor foi aberto e inspecionado. A análise do óleo lubrificante mostrou nível de contaminação crítico a partir das 400h, mas a inspeção visual do motor não detectou nenhum desgaste interno. O motor funcionou normalmente, embora tenha ocorrido tendência de redução na potência e aumento de consumo de combustível ao longo das 600h.Biodiesel from beef tallow has been considered a low-cost and high availability alternative due to be residue from the Brazilian livestock production, one of the world's largest. Papers that show the use of biodiesel from beef tallow in diesel engine are rare. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of blend of biodiesel from beef tallow (B5) in commercial diesel oil on engine performance, analyzing possible internal consequences and characteristics of lubricating oil after the prolonged use in a diesel engine. Engine performance was evaluated through tractor power take off (PTO) tests. The engine was operated for 600 hours. Power and fuel consumption were measured. Samples of lubricating oil were analyzed by the end of each 100 partial hours. At the end of the test the engine was opened and visually inspected. Analysis of engine lubricating oil has showed critical level of contamination after 400 hours but the visual inspection of engine did not detect any internal wear. The engine performance was satisfactory although there was tendency of reduction in power and increase on fuel consumption along the 600 hours.

O conhecimento da importância da nutrição sobre a reprodução dos animais, por produtores e pesquisadores, vem de longa data. Entretanto, estudos contemporâneos têm trazido novas perspectivas e informações mais detalhadas desta relação, permitindo um ajuste fino nas manipulações de dietas com o propósito de aumentar a produção e a reprodução em ruminantes. Apesar disso, especialmente em vacas de elevada produção leiteira, ainda há sérios problemas de fertilidade de ordem multifatorial, mas com grande envolvimento nutricional. Por outro lado, adição de certos ingredientes à dieta, como gordura rica em ácidos graxos polinsaturados, e redução do fornecimento de proteína degradável no rúmen têm, em diversas ocasiões, resultado em incremento nos índices reprodutivos em bovinos leiteiros e de corte. Nesse sentido, este artigo tem a proposta de apresentar e discutir resultados de alguns trabalhos relevantes sobre o tema, principalmente aqueles relacionados à influência da energia ou proteína sobre a reprodução.The knowledge of the importance of nutrition on animal reproduction is well known for producers and researchers for a long time. However, contemporary studies have brought new perspectives and further details of this relationship, allowing fine-tuning of diets handling in order to increase production and reproduction in ruminants. Nevertheless, especially in high-producing dairy cows, there are still serious multifactorial fertility problems, with a heavy nutritional involvement. In contrast, addition of certain ingredients to the diet, such as fat rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and reducing the supply of rumen degradable protein have on several occasions, resulted in an increased reproductive performance in dairy and beef cattle. Thus, this article presents and discusses results of some relevant papers on this subject, especially those related to the influence of energy or protein on reproduction.

O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com a finalidade de avaliar um sistema de bombeamento de água acionado por painéis fotovoltaicos instalados nas dependências da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Câmpus Medianeira - PR. O município está localizado no oeste paranaense (25º17'43" S; 54º03'38" e 500,7 m). O sistema trabalhou em situação real de funcionamento, bombeando água à altura de 20 m. Foram coletados dados de fevereiro a novembro de 2005; utilizou-se coletor de dados computadorizado da Campbell Scientific INC. , que possibilitou adquirir e armazenar os dados de irradiância solar no plano do painel, tensão e corrente gerada, temperatura no painel e vazão. Por meio de cálculos, obtiveram-se os valores de potência e eficiência do sistema. O solstício de inverno apresentou eficiência de 9,58% com bombeamento diário de 2.056 litros, enquanto o solstício de verão apresentou eficiência de 9,07% com bombeamento diário de 2.377 litros. A maior eficiência nos dias de inverno está ligada às menores temperaturas se comparada aos dias de verão, e o fator que provocou a maior vazão de água bombeada nos dias de verão está atrelado ao tempo de insolação, que é maior se comparado aos dias de inverno.The main objective of this paper is to evaluate a water pumping system powered by photovoltaic panels installed at Federal Technological University of Paraná - UTFPR, in Medianeira, State of Paraná, Brazil. The city is located at the West of Paraná (25º17'43"; 54º03'38" and 500.7 meters - 1,642.72 feet). The system operated in a real working situation, pumping water to 20 meters (65.62 feet) of elevation. The data were collected, from February 2005 to November 2005, by means of a computerized data collector made by Campbell Scientific Inc that made possible to acquire and store irradiance values in the panel plane, generated current and voltage, panel temperature and outflow. Through calculations, the power and the system efficiency were obtained. Winter solstice showed 9.58% efficiency with daily pumping of 2,056 liters (543.14 gallons) whereas summer solstice confirmed 9.07% efficiency with daily pumping of 2,377 liters (627.86 gallons). The higher efficiency in winter days is associated to the lowest temperature in those days compared to summer days, and the factor that led to a larger pumped water outflow in the summer days was related to solar insolation time that is longer if compared to winter days.

Este trabalho traz o desenvolvimento de ferramenta computacional de auxílio ao planejamento energético na eletrificação rural, tendo como referência os principais softwares disponíveis no mercado mundial e citados na literatura científica. Após identificar as principais limitações dos mesmos, obteve-se um produto em português, que compara a extensão da rede convencional de energia elétrica às principais modalidades de geração elétrica de pequeno porte em uso no Brasil. Traz a inovação do dimensionamento e do uso da geração de energia elétrica a partir da produção de biogás no local. Para validação do programa, foram comparados os resultados obtidos pela mesma em dois estudos de casos reais de eletrificação rural.This paper brings the development of a computational tool to help the energy planning in rural electrification areas by using the main software available on the world market or cited in scientific literature, as in the reference. After identifying its main limitations, a product in Portuguese was obtained, which compares the extension of conventional electric grid to the main small size renewable energy sources under use in Brazil. It also brings the innovation in the dimensioning and in the use of electric energy generation by the local biogas production. For the program validation, the results obtained by the tool were compared in two real study cases of rural electrification.

O estudo do ciclo de queima de materiais cerâmicos tradicionais é de grande interesse industrial, visto que são processos que utilizam grande quantidade de energia. Com um ciclo de queima adequado é possível obter um produto de melhor qualidade e com menor consumo de energia térmica, aumentando a produtividade e diminuindo os custos de produção. No Brasil, atualmente, a maioria dos ciclos de queima dos produtos da cerâmica estrutural tem duração em torno de 24 h, sendo normal, em alguns casos, ciclos que chegam a durar mais de 30 h. A inclusão de ciclos de queima mais curtos é atualmente o mais importante processo de inovação em estudo para otimização do processo de queima da indústria de cerâmica estrutural. Este trabalho faz um estudo comparativo das propriedades tecnológicas de materiais cerâmicos de base argilosa queimados por um ciclo de queima tradicional (queima lenta) e um ciclo de queima rápida. Foram utilizadas neste trabalho matérias-primas argilosas procedentes de indústrias de cerâmica estrutural. As taxas de queima utilizadas foram de 1 °C/min (ciclo lento) e 20 °C/min (ciclo rápido) e as temperaturas máximas para as duas taxas de queima foram de 850 °C, 950 °C e 1050 °C. Os resultados obtidos possibilitam uma melhor compreensão dos efeitos do ciclo de queima nas propriedades tecnológicas dos produtos da cerâmica estrutural, permitindo incluir ciclos de queima rápida dependendo das características iniciais das materiais-primas e do processamento utilizado.In industrial processes that use high temperatures, greater fire great can reduce the cost of production and increase productivity. The use of faster and more efficient fire cycles has been little investigated by the structural ceramic industry in Brazil. As clay materials are submitted to high temperatures, pores are sealed by mass transport mechanisms and a series of thermally activated processes involving the initial constituents. The reactions that take place during firing depend on the nature and composition of the clay materials used. The firing cycle must be tuned to assure the technological performance required for each product, but at the same time minimize the consumption of energy. Samples were pressed under 25 MPa, dried and fired in an electric furnace. The heating rates selected were 2 °C/min (slow cycle) and 20 °C/min (fast firing). The holding time at the sintering temperatures (950 °C and 1050 °C) were null. This paper presents for the first time the use of a fast fire rate for raw materials using a traditional slow cycle and fast cycle were tested from physical and mechanical properties of the burned pieces were measured, with emphasis on water absorption and linear shrinkage tests. Microstructural analysis was performed using X-ray diffraction. The results show that is possible to obtain products with equivalent water absorption values and in enhanced mechanic properties when is used the fast firing.

En el presente trabajo se diseñó y aplicó un procedimiento para la planificación energética teniendo en cuenta los requerimientos de la NC-ISO 50001: 2011 ¨Gestión de la energía¨. El diseño tuvo como premisas requisitos de las normas internacionales relacionadas con la gestión de la energía ISO 50001: 2011, UNE 216301: 2007, DIN EN 16001, ANSI/MSE 2000: 2008 y de gestión de la calidad ISO 9001: 2008. Para la aplicación se seleccionó como caso de estudio la Empresa Oleohidráulica Cienfuegos, utilizándose herramientas y técnicas, tales como: trabajo con expertos, revisión de documentos, las herramientas de la Tecnología de Gestión Total Eficiente de la Energía y de calidad, obteniéndose como resultados la planificación energética, a través de la determinación de la estructura de consumo energético, las áreas de consumo significativo , lo que conllevó a establecer la línea base y meta energética de la organización. In this paper we designed and implemented a process for considering energy planning requirements of the NC-ISO 50001: 2011 ¨Energy Management¨. The premise was to design requirements of international standards related to energy management ISO 50001: 2011, UNE 216301: 2007, DIN EN 16001, ANSI / MSE 2000: 2008 and quality management ISO 9001: 2008. For application was selected as a case study Hydraulics Company Cienfuegos, using tools and techniques such as: working with experts, review of documents, tools Total Technology Management Energy Efficient and quality, obtaining as results the energy planning, through the determination of the structure of energy consumption, significant consumption areas, which led to establish base line and energy goal of the organization.

Este artigo trata de uma pesquisa aplicada de jornalismo científico on-line que fundamenta a questão energética contemplada no contexto do desenvolvimento sustentável. A pesquisa, desenvolvida em nível de mestrado, originou uma mídia digital on-line com informações científicas e tecnológicas que permitem visualizar não somente o âmbito técnico, mas também a efetiva relação interdisciplinar do tema com outras áreas de conhecimento, o que constitui um fato de particular importância no contexto de abordagem do desenvolvimento sustentável.This paper treats of a research applied to on-line scientific journalism which is the basis for the electrical power issue in the context of the sustainable development. The research was developed on a Master Degree level, which gave origin to an online digital media with scientific information and technologies which allow a visualization of not only the technical range, but also the effective interdiscipline relation with reference to other areas of knowledge. This is very important for an approach of the sustainable development.

Neste artigo procuramos abordar alguns aspectos relevantes sobre o ensino e a aprendizagem do conceito de energia, tais como as concepções de energia do senso comum e as relações entre transformações de energia e meio ambiente, bem como destacar a viabilidade da utilização de textos com abordagens históricas e, finalmente, analisamos um texto interdisciplinar que relaciona energia e meio ambiente. Com relação ao referido texto, discutimos a possibilidade de o mesmo levar o estudante a um entendimento das noções fundamentais de energia, mediante a contextualização histórica, social, política, econômica e ambiental dessas noções.In this paper, we focus some relevant aspects about teaching and learning of the energy concept such as the energy conceptions of comum sense and the relations between the energy transformations and environment , as well as it stands out the applicability of texts with historical approaches, and finally we also made use of an interdisciplinary text that related energy to environment. About this text, we mentioned the possibility of such text lead the student to a better understanding of the essential notions about energy, trough the contextualization of these historical, social, political, economical and environmental concepts.

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Copyright of Revista da Faculdade de Ciência e Tecnologia is the property of Edicoes Universidade Fernando Pessoa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)