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This article explores the use of unmanned systems for evacuating wounded personnel from the battlefield. It focuses on conclusions drawn from conventional medical evacuation methods, particularly when wounded soldiers are still in the enemy’s operational zone, following the principles of Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC). Then, general conditions of the injured were determined, which would require evacuation to a safe zone. This allowed us to define the critical capabilities needed for unmanned systems to perform these tasks. The ability of the unmanned system to pick up an injured person who is unconscious and unable to cooperate was identified as crucial. In the further part of the work, existing unmanned systems intended for rescue tasks were collected and critically analysed.

The study analyses challenges faced by robots used by EOD subunits, their working conditions, and possible damage during operations. The literature review takes into account long-term and incidental loads on the undercarriage and drive systems, which affect the functionality and durability of these robots. Moreover, the limitations and advantages of additive technology in restoring the functionality of these machines were verified, taking into account the operational environment of EOD subunits.