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Copyright of Acta Angiologica is the property of VM Medica-VM Group (Via Medica) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Angiologica is the property of VM Medica-VM Group (Via Medica) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Unlabelled: According to Aaron Beck, dysfunctional thinking patterns appear also in euthymic patients, after withdrawal of acute diseases symptoms. Patients have a disordered, negative image of themselves, of their future and the surrounding world. It has been shown that a way a man perceives possessed social support has a basic meaning for him., Aim: The purpose of the research was to analyze the relationship between perceived social support and the patient's cognitive style., Method: The study group consisted of euthymic outpatients diagnosed with recurrent depressive disorder (UID) or bipolar affective disorder (BID). Assessment of a cognitive style was made according to the Rosenberg Scale, Hopelessness Scale HS-20 and Automatique Thoughts Questionnaire ATQ 30, assessment of the amount of received support - according to Cohen's ISEL., Results and Conclusions: The presented study revealed that, in both groups of patients, a thinking style is disturbed and that there is a link between a cognitive style and the perception of the level of received support. The link was stronger in the group of patients with unipolar affective disorder. In both groups, correlations concerning emotional support were the highest.

Aim: The purpose of the research was to analyse the structure of social networks as well as types and sources of support received by patients with unipolar and bipolar disease., Method: Assessment was made according to Bizoń's method and Cohen's ISEL., Results: It has been shown that the functioning of social networks of patients diagnosed as having unipolar affective disorders differs from the ones of bipolar disease. Patients with unipolar disorder do not mention many people of their environment as significant or providing support. They often restrict their interactions to family members. That is the group of people from which they obtain most support. In both groups all supportive functions often lie with one person. Patients with bipolar disorder find it easier to make acquaintance. When compared to the group of bipolar patients, patients with unipolar disease receive less support and the emotional support is the most deficient., Conclusions: It seems that a combined therapy of affective disorders should include not only pharmacotherapy and various kinds of psychotherapy but also ought to take structure and functioning of patients' social networks into consideration. So stabilising supportive relations in different aspects of life should be one of the aims in the therapy both in hospitals and outpatient departments.

Aim: The purpose of the research was to analyse the structure of social networks as well as types and sources of support received by patients with unipolar disease., Method: Assessment was made according to Bizoń's method and Cohen's ISEL., Results: In general, the networks of patients function worse than the networks of healthy people. Patients with unipolar disorder do not mention many people of their environment as significant or providing support. They devote less time to social life, are often isolated and lonely and restrict their interactions to family members. That is the group of people from which they obtain most of support, and all supportive functions often lie in one person. These patients have a sense of receiving a small amount of mainly emotional (self-esteem) but also appraisal, belonging and tangible support., Conclusion: Stabilising supportive relations in different aspects of life should be one of the aims in the therapy both in hospitals and in outpatient departments. Surely that is one of the pathways which may at least to some degree alleviate the huge suffering caused by affective disorders.

Adiponectin (also called AdipoQ, gelatin-binding protein 28, Acrp30) is a novel adipocytokine with important metabolic effects. It is physiologically released from adipose tissue and circulates in serum as a hexamer and larger multimeric structure of high molecular weight. Serum level of the protein correlates with systemic insulin sensitivity. Recently adiponectin receptors AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 have been discovered by expression cloning. AdipoR1 is abundantly expressed in skeletal muscles, whereas AdipoR2 is predominantly expressed in the liver. Marked expression of mRNA for AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 has been lately reported in pancreatic beta cells. Both of the receptors activate AMPK and PPAR alpha metabolic pathways leading to an increase in fatty acid oxidation, glucose uptake and a decreased rate of gluconeogenesis, thus enhancing insulin sensitivity. Moreover effects of adiponectin mimic many metabolic actions of insulin such as augmenting blood flow and glucose disposal in NO-dependent manner. The precise mechanism of regulation of plasma adiponectin level is unknown. Recently the mechanism of transcriptional activation of adiponectin gene via PPAR gamma was described. Its level seems to be decreased by TNFalfa and beta-adrenergic agonists. Furthermore there is increasing evidence that some genetic variants in the adiponectin gene may be associated with its ethnical differences in level as well as its likely clinical consequences. Hipoadiponectynemia is associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes type 2, cardiovascular disease, lipodystrophy in AIDS. In patients with chronic renal failure, anorexia nervosa plasma adlponectin level is increased. Weight loss and therapy with thlazolidinediones are proved to enhance endogenous adlponectin production in humans. In summary, the ability of adiponectin to increase insulin sensitivity in conjunction with its anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic properties have made this novel adipocytokine a promising therapeutic tool for the future, especially in individuals with low plasma levels of adiponectin.