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Drug therapies for many psychiatric conditions do not meet patients’ expectations. New agents are being sought to treat depression and anxiety disorders, among others. Scientific interest in psychoactive substances has increased over the past few decades. Recent studies provide evidence that psychedelics may find use in the treatment of a range of mental disorders. This paper describes new research conducted since 2019 on the most popular psychedelics: LSD, MDMA, psylocybin and THC. The analysis was expanded to include substances less popular in recreational and scientific use, such as 5-MeO-DMT, dextromethorphan, DMT, ibogaine, ketamine and mescaline. It appears that the hallucinogens described show therapeutic potential in the treatment of addiction (nicotine, alcohol and substance dependence), depression, anxiety (including anxiety concurrent in autism spectrum disorder), PTSD and eating disorders. Once appropriate protocols are developed, psychoactive agents may become a component of comprehensive and effective therapy [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate condition of the periodontium in pregnant women with pathological progress of the pregnancy, clinically and to compare it to periodontium in pregnant women in good health., Design: Over the last years, the studies have described that periodontitis caused by dental plaque, could be the risk factor for preterm birth and low birth weight., Materials and Methods: This study was performed in 80 pregnant women, 40 with pathologic pregnancy and 40 with normal pregnancy in it. Periodontal Indexes were used to evaluate periodontium., Results: In the searching group gingivitis gravidarum haemorrhagica diffusa and hyperplastica generalisata were dominating. In the control group gingivitis gravidatum simplex and hyperplastica localisata were observed., Conclusions: More severe manifestation of gingivitis gravidarum was noticed in pregnant women with risk of preterm low birth. We did not prove correlation between amount of bacterial dental plaque in pregnant women and risk of preterm low birth weight.

The free-living amoebae are ubiquitous organisms. They are found in humid soil and all water reservoirs, i.e. fresh, sea, freezing and hot water. They mainly feed on bacteria. Pathogenic properties of amoebae and the mechanisms underlying pathological changes induced during human infection have not yet been fully elucidated. They are the causative agents of primary amoebic meningo-encephalitis (PAM), granulomatous amebic encephalitis (GAE), a chronic progressive disease of the central nervous system, amebic keratitis (AK), a chronic eye infection; amebic pneumitis (AP), a chronic lung infection, and skin infection. Only a few isolates are strongly and permanently pathogenic to humans. Some isolates lose their pathogenic properties after one passage. It has been assumed that such "temporary", unstable pathogenic properties of the amoebae may be caused by internal factors carried by them. It is generally known that the free-living amoebae may be naturally infected with pathogenic bacteria, which have the ability to survive for a long time and to proliferate in the amoebae cells. The role of the amoeba in the process of maintaining, propagating and transmitting human pathogens has not been well recognized. It has been suggested that some infections can be acquired by inhaling aerosols containing amoebae cells filled with bacteria. The presence of bacteria inside the free-living amoebae possess a great challenge to organisations responsible for testing and inspecting the quality and cleanliness of surface waters, swimming pools and drinking water intakes.

To estimate vitamin A, E and C serum concentrations among forestry workers showing antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi presence. Vitamins A, E and C concentrations were evaluated in 117 sera of forestry workers. 78 persons aged 18-63 (x=43.07) showed antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi presence. In this group 13 persons showed presence of IgM, 42 persons with IgG and 23 with IgM and IgG. Control group consisted of 39 persons aged 18-56 years (x=40,97), with no detectable anti-Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in serum. Serologic diagnosis was performed with use of ELISA kit - Borrelia recombinant IgM, IgG (Biomedica, Austria). Vitamins A and E serum concentrations were detected by RP-HPLC method with spectrophotometric detection (De Leenheet and co.). Vitamin C was detected by RP-HPLS method with spectrophotometric method (Ivanovic and co). Obtains results were statistically analysed. Significantly lower of vitamin A and E serum concentration of persons with anti-borrelia antibodies presence. The lowest concentration was observed in group showing presence of IgM and IgG. No significant difference in vitamin C serum concentration in examined groups was observed. These results may suggest that low serum concentrations of vitamin A and E may have influence on Borrelia burgdorferi infection development.

Aim: The purpose of the study was to evaluate parameters of oxidoreductive system in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with neuroborreliosis., Material and Methods: The cases were 25 patients aged 21 to 64 (x = 42.3) hospitalized with diagnosis of neuroborreliosis. Activity of superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn-SOD), glutathione reductase (GSSG-R), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and concentration of sulphydryl groups (-SH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum and CSF were tested. The control group consisted of 10 patients with diagnosis of discopathy. An examination was performed twice: before and after treatment., Results: Results of the study showed lack of stability in an oxidoreductive system during neuroborreliosis both in serum and in CSF. In CSF activity of SOD was increased while activity of GSH-Px and GSSG-R were decreased. Also concentration of -SH and lipid peroxidation products measured as MDA were increased. The increase of SOD, GSH-Px, GSSG-R activity and concentration of -SH and MDA in serum were detected., Conclusions: Disorders of an oxidoreductive system in CSF and serum during neuroborreliosis were observed. These changes persisted despite treatment and normalization of inflammatory CSF markers.