1. Mechanisms of sleep regulation in Drosophila melanogaster
- Author
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Elżbieta Pyza and Milena Damulewicz
- Subjects
homeostatyczna regulacja snu ,Circadian clock ,homeostatic regulation of sleep ,Olfaction ,Biology ,Sleep in non-human animals ,zegar okołodobowy ,glial cells ,CLOCK ,nervous system ,Dopamine ,Mushroom bodies ,circadian clock ,medicine ,Octopamine (neurotransmitter) ,komórki glejowe ,Neuroscience ,Acetylcholine ,medicine.drug - Abstract
In both Drosophila and mammals, sleep is regulated by the circadian clock and homeostatic processes, especially after deprivation. Its function is also similar in different organisms, since the lack of sleep affects learning and memory but also development and metabolic processes. The circadian clock, the pacemaker in the brain, is composed of 150 neurons and some of them contact sleep regulating neurons located in mushroom bodies, a center of olfaction memory, and in the central complex. Wake or sleep promoting neurons are regulated by several neurotransmitters, and among them dopamine and octopamine promote wake, serotonin and GABA promote sleep, while glutamine and acetylcholine have dual function. Besides neurons, also glial cells are important in sleep regulation, especially those expressing clock genes, so-called glial oscillators.
- Published
- 2020