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Large Granular Lymphocyte (LGL) Leukaemia is uncommon proliferative disorder of LGL lymphocytes. Classification, clinical features and treatment of LGL leukaemia are described.

The analysis was carried out on 31 children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemias. In 29 of them remissions were obtained conducting later during 3 years intensive maintenance therapy associated with radiotherapy to the central nervous system (according to the method of the Memphis group). Superiority of intensive treatment in relation to more sparing treatment has been demonstrated. Therapeutic failures were observed in children with primarily poor prognosis of leukaemia, especially with blastic hyperleucocytosis. The behavior of serum immunoglobulins and especially infections occurring in children during treatment are discussed.

In a period of 5 years 106 patients with acute leukemia were treated (93 with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia and 13 with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Four therapeutic programmes were used. Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 41% of patients, including 37% of those with acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia and 77% with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The per cent of remissions obtained using different programmes was similar. During intensive induction treatment 22% of patients died, mainly of infections and bleeding tendency.

The authors analysed 202 cases of chronic lymphatic leukaemia comparing the course of this disease in patients above and below 60 years of age. The observation included patients with various forms of this disease--with morphological and clinical findings compatible with mild disease and cases with severe course with complications. It was observed that in severe form of lymphatic leukaemia the course of the disease is similar in both groups of patients and the shorter survival of patients in the older group is frequently due to coexistence of other diseases impairing the general condition and changes connected age. On the other hand, a mild, oligosymptomatic course of the disease was observed more frequently in older patients who did not require intense treatment in hospitals.

In a period of 5.5 years from 1975 to 1980 the neurological status of 82 patients with various forms of acute leukaemia was assessed at the Institute of Haematology and in 42 cases central nervous system involvement was found. These patients were treated by intrathecal administration of drugs according to three programmes. Remission after intrathecal treatment was achieved in 31 cases. No improvement of the neurological status was obtained in 31 cases. No improvement of the neurological status was obtained in 4 cases. Forty-eight patients without neurological signs received prophylactically intrathecal treatment which failed to prevent central nervous system leukaemia in 8 cases.

The authors report two cases of acute leukaemia in adults with development of sings central nervous system involvement at the time of full haematological remission. In the first case the diagnosis was: acute undifferentiated-cell leukaemia, in the second one: acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. In both cases in the first stage of the disease complete remission of neurological manifestations was obtained; in the second case it was also obtained after the following relapse. In the first case death occurred during successive haematological exacerbation. Ametopterin was given intrathecally or X-ray therapy was applied.

Out of 49 adult patients with acute leukaemia admitted successively over a period of 3 years (1976-1978) those surviving next 1.5 year were followed up (till June 30 1980). Forty-one cases were qualified for combined treatment with cytostatic drugs. Five patients are alive over 2.5 years (30-46 months), three of them in the first complete remission (28-33 months), one patient in second remission, and one patient is alive with relapse after first complete remission. The per cent of patients surviving over 2.5 years is 10.2% of the successively admitted patients, and 12.2% of those treated with cytostatic drugs. This fairly long survival may be due to intensive induction treatment and maintenance treatment.

AKR mice highly susceptible to leukemia were fed orally for 9 months every days with a water solution of peat-liking preparation PF-290/II/2 at a dose 0.2 cm3 (70 g/cm3 water). After bleeding body and internal organs weight were measured and their ratio were calculated. Anatomo-pathological lesions, histopathological and ultrastructural examinations with the use of transmission and scanning microscope, serum cobalt-activated acylase (AA-Co) activity and urine arylsulphatase (ASA) activity were performed. It was found used preparation had some anti-tumors effect of mice with lymphatic leukemia. Serum cobalt-activated acylase and urine arylsulphatase of AKR mice for observation on disease development and dynamics of this process. In the ultrastructural picture changes of lymphatic cells after outside removal of degradated complexes of intracell membranes was observed.