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The research was carried out with the aim to determine the impact of the application of the fed-batch system of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of polysaccharides contained in rape straw on the production of ethanol in SSF system. Rape straw after alkaline pretreatment was subjected to detoxification by double rinsing with water. After 24 and 48 hours of simultaneous hydrolysis and fermentation, pretreated and dried substrate was added to the samples, each in an amount of 25% of the initial amount of substrate in the slurry. Comparatively simultaneous hydrolysis and fermentation without additional supply of substrate was carried out. The effects of the fermentation were expressed as the amount of ethanol produced in a fermentation medium. In the control experiment of hydrolysis and fermentation 1.60% (v/v) of ethanol was obtained. However, in the fed-batch system, ethanol concentration was 1.81% (v/v), which represented an increase in ethanol concentration of 13%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]