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It is assumed that pathological metrorrhagia means blood loss amounting to above 80 ml in one menstrual cycle in women without diagnosed anatomical anomalies of uterus. Pathological metrorrhagia is the reason for hospitalization of many women. At present two methods are used in the treatment of this disorder: hormonotherapy and destruction of endometrium. Destruction of endometrium can be performed in case of irregular metrorrhagia in women with excluded malignant neoplasm (on the basis of intake of samples for histopathologic examination) and in women who do not wish to have children any more. There are various methods of endometrium destruction: thermal ablation, microwave ablation, laser ablation and cryoablation. All above mentioned methods are deemed so-called "minimally invasive methods".

Introduction: The role of laparoscopic supravaginal hysterectomy has increased a minimal invasive surgery. The reason for this is that the intact pericervical ring and neurovascular supply play an important role in pelvic floor support. Also, women's health awareness has increased., Objectives: The objective of this article was a retrospective analysis of 50 laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomies and advantages of this new surgical method. MATERIALS AND METHODS/DESIGN: These surgical procedures were performed in Sw. Rodziny Hospital and Gynecology of Obstetric in Warsaw in years 2002-2003. The duration of surgical procedure, complications, and duration of hospitalization were evaluated on the basis of retrospective patients case histories., Results: The medium duration of surgical procedure was 95 minutes, the medium duration of hospitalization after the surgical procedure was 3,3 days. There were not any severe complications., Conclusions: At the end it was stated that laparoscopic supravaginal hysterectomy is minimal invasive surgical technique, which can be recommended if vaginal hysterectomy is contraindicated and there are no indications to cervix excision.

The historical sketch of development of hysteroscopy is presented. At the present time instrumentation consists of the set of precision lenses system, with "cold light" source and the light conveying glass fibre. In order to obtain good visibility and ability to perform surgeries one uses various media for distention of the uterine walls. For diagnostic hysteroscopy the most commonly used medium is carbon dioxide. The most advantageous substances when performing intrauterine procedures are liquid media such as: HYSKON, MANNITOL and GLUCOSE SOLUTION. Indications for hysteroscopy are numerous and they divide into diagnostic and surgical. Hysteroscopy is a very useful procedure in diagnosis and therapy of sterility and diagnosis and therapy of hyperplastic changes of the endometrium. Introduction of resection of the endometrium to hysteroscopy allows us, in certain situations to limit the number of laparatomies. Complications after hysteroscopy do not differ from complications following other gynecological surgeries.

During the period of 1981-1990 2109 diagnostic-therapeutical curettages of the cervical canal and uterus were performed in the Department of Gynecology and Oncology of Medical Academy in Kraków. In histological examinations of scrapings 17 cases (0.8%) of micro-glandular hyperplasia limited to cervical canal have been found. In 14 out of analysed cases curettage have been performed due to metrorrhagia. There were 12 cases of myomatous uterine among them. Two cases were colposcopically suspected of CIN. One woman exhibited a cervical polyps. A connection between micro-glandular hyperplasia and pregnancy and particularly with oral contraception observed in other studies has not been determined. None of the 17 patients were pregnant. They took neither contraceptive pills nor were treated by female hormones. 15 out of examined patients had an estrogenic reaction in cytological evaluation. Decidual transformation of the uterine cervix has not been colposcopically found in any case. Coexistence of micro-glandular hyperplasia and severe dysplasia were revealed in two patients suspected cytologically and colposcopically of CIN. In one case micro-glandular hyperplasia parallel to squamous carcinoma of the cervix has been stated.