Article presents research analyzing level of economic knowledge of adult Poles and their attitudes toward taxation and Tax Office. Economic knowledge consists on understanding of basic economic terms (e.g. inflation, interest rate, tax), laws and relations (e.g. the supply influence on price, the inflation rate and interest rate) as well as knowing the level of actual economic predictors (e.g. unemployment rate, minimum salary). The attitude toward tax system and Tax Office was described with Braithwaite's (2003) typology, which distinguished five postures: commitment, capitulation, resistance, disengagement and game playing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]