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This article is about the Mieroszewski Centre, which is a state legal entity and considered a unit of the public finance sector. The paper presents the Centre's genesis, legal status, organisation, goals and tasks. It then analyses the Centre's financial plan, income and expenditure. The article concludes with a summary and a de lege ferenda conclusion.

In the neo-Sarmatian trend (which involves an attempt to build individual and collective identities by referring to the Sarmatian cultural formation), an important issue is how one identifies oneself in terms of spatial relations between the West, Centre and East of Europe. Jacek Komuda is one of the most recognisable writers of this trend and thus has a great impact on the reader, especially the young one, and on the shaping of their identity. Moscow occupies an important place in his work: the capital of the Grand Duchy was a place where, following its capture by Polish troops, Russian and Sarmatian culture came into contact. A closer look at the representations of Moscow and its society in the novel Samozwaniec [The Pretender] allows us to see how the neo-Sarmatians perceive the East and what image they present to Polish readers, who on this basis are to determine what cultural circle they belong to.

This article examines the architectural and exhibition concepts of the national pavilions of Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Belarus and Ukraine, which were created for the purposes of the World Expo exhibitions in the years 2000-2020 in the context of the promoted national image. After 1991 and the collapse of the USSR, the countries of Eastern Europe began the process of creating their own national images, in which the World Expo exhibitions became one of the most important platforms for international presentations. The article discusses selected exhibition strategies presented by these countries at six exhibitions: World Expo 2000 in Hanover, World Expo 2005 in Aichi, World Expo 2010 in Shanghai, World Expo 2015 in Milan and World Expo in Dubai 2020. The analysis of solutions was carried out from the perspective of searching for unique forms that distinguish the concepts of individual pavilions. The result of the research was the specification of the tendencies that distinguish pavilions of Eastern European countries from other solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives A number of studies have dealt with the effects of economic integration on foreign direct investment, however without a comprehensive and simultaneous analysis of the overall positioning of these countries along the investment development path (IDP). In the current paper, a comparative analysis is conducted of IDPs of four Eastern European countries, both members and non-members of the European Union. The purpose of the paper is to determine the effect of economic integration on foreign direct investment (FDI) flows and on the movement of these Eastern European economies through their IDP stages. Material and methods An attempt is made to identify the positioning of the sample countries on the IDP, using trend estimation depicting the relationship between net outward investment (NOI) position per capita and gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, as well as detailed descriptive data on inward and outward FDI stocks and flows, subsequently supported with econometric analyses. Results While the findings point to a rather ambiguous effect of European Union (EU) membership on FDI growth and IDP trajectories, integration tends to exert a stronger effect on outward FDI than on inward FDI of member countries. Conclusions The study’s findings reveal the need to add new theoretical considerations to the interface between economic integration and the IDP model as well as formulate certain policy implications resulting therefrom.

Copyright of Cracow Review of Economics & Management / Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie is the property of Cracow University of Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents Systemic Geopolitical Analysis, which as a scientific method can be an important tool for studying the distribution of power in Eastern Europe, supporting the assumptions of structural realism with an element of quantitative research. This region, as a place where spheres of influence and the ensuing economic and potentially military conflicts meet, is an area where the knowledge of the most precise distribution of power may be a crucial element in the analysis of the genesis of conflicts, the shifts in power distribution during their course, as well as in the prediction of future flashpoints. Being the first attempt to correlate Systemic Geopolitical Analysis with the issue of conflicts in Eastern Europe, the paper contains a hypothesis that Systemic Geopolitical Analysis is a research method that enables an effective analysis of the geopolitical reality in the region because of: 1) the conflicts occurring in the system due to differences in power distribution; 2) the nature of the components of power, measurable by the means of Systemic Geopolitical Analysis. Confirming the above hypothesis, the article points to the economic aspect, linked to the Russian natural gas exports, and the military aspect, by taking into account the characteristics of contemporary tensions in the region, which reduce the role of supra-systemic reserves.

The article presents an edition of booklists extracted from notarial records focusing on two collections of Jewish religious books belonging to Dawid Wajnberg (ca. 1757-1824) and Nute Mojsze Rubinsztein (ca. 1783-1824), two merchants from Chełm. The records have been identified through historical transcriptions of the local Ashkenazi Hebrew, and the article examines the patterns found within these documents. One such pattern is the consistent placement of Talmud treatises at the beginning of the booklists, following the order of the Mishnah. The author stresses the fact that alongside essential Midrashic, Halakhic, and ethical works, there are also unusual books present, such as the Hebrew-Latin Liber Cosri by Yehuda Halevi (1075-1141), published in Basel in 1660. As a result, the article confirms the popularity of certain religious works in Eastern Europe at that time, and explores the significance of these unique items within the collections, considering their connection to the activities of Halakhic and Maskilic centers in the area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Henrikas Radauskas (1910–1970) holds a unique place in the Lithuanian literature of the 20th century. His work, which grew out of his fascination with the heritage of European culture and combines modernist searches with classicist formal discipline, is still considered a one-of-a-kind artistic proposal in contemporary Lithuanian poetry. However, the choices and fate of the poet himself can be recognised as an exemplification of the choices and fate of many artists from Central and Eastern Europe belonging to the same generation. The article aims to demonstrate those experiences in Radauskas’s biography that were formative and which provoke comparisons to other writers representing the same period in the history of literature and lead to reflection on the essence of a generational community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Adeptus is the property of Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Slavic Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Prace Jezykoznawcze is the property of University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Rozwój Regionalny & Polityka Regionalna is the property of Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza (IH UAM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Great War 1914-1918, irretrievably destroyed the political order in Europe, which had been maintained unchanged after 1871 with the conviction of the long duration extended into the Belle Époque. It left many traces - among others - in the memoirs and contemporary reports revealing on a micro-historical scale, some of the opinions and attitudes of the aristocracy, which become invisible on the macro-historical scale and are represented by considerable numbers of sources, which allows a reconstruction of important political and military decisions. This article is a contribution presenting - on the basis of a few examples - the end of the political influence of aristocracy in Central and Eastern Europe that coincided with the departure of monarchs from its political scene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Polonistyka. Innowacje is the property of Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza (IH UAM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In contrast to the global dispersion of the post-Second World War Bund, examination of its previous history as a powerful and influential force in Jewish life is usually confined to the former Pale of Settlement. Without disputing its centers of gravity in Russia and Poland, the paper argues for the inclusion also of the effects of migration and transatlantic network-building within this picture. It follows Bundists abroad, exploring how emigrants transnationalized the in practice Bund rather than by design. The article connects the histories of the Bund in Tsarist Russia and independent Poland with those in Argentina, Switzerland, and the United States, highlighting local adaptations as well as the dependency of the Bund “back home” on global networkbuilding. The author argues that only by taking such a transnational perspective we can fully grasp the Bund’s impact on modern Jewish history.

By reading Zygmunt Bauman’s famous study critically, this text attempts to show how both the brilliant analyses, observations, and intuitions contained in Modernity and the Holocaust and its errors and distortions can still serve as important guideposts for further studies of the Holocaust in Polish lands and in Central and Eastern Europe even today, some thirty years after publication. What remains absent from our understanding of the Holocaust in this region is a broader and deepened historical perspective, taking into account the preceding decades as well as the challenges of peripheral modernity in this part of Europe and its impact on relations between Christians and Jews both before and during the Holocaust.

Copyright of Elementary Education in Theory & Practice is the property of Jesuit University Ignatianum in Krakow and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The review examines an English language collaborative publication Handbook of Polish, Czech, and Slovak Holocaust Fiction. Works and Contexts (2021). The reviewer explores the basic threads of the book and discusses its place against the background of other recent academic publications about the Holocaust literature in Central and Central-Eastern Europe. Essential role in the article is played by an analysis of methodological framework of the volume and the functionality of its structure in reference to the models of an encyclopaedia, lexicon, or dictionary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social Pedagogy / Pedagogika Społeczna is the property of PEDAGOGIUM Wyzsza Szkola Nauk Spolecznych w Warszawie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The subject of the article is Sarmatia in the geopoetical perspective. Lithuanian reminiscences is Bobrowski's literary output in the context of his concept of Sarmatia, with a special attention towards Lithuanian motives. The writer referred to the vast areas of Central and Eastern Europe from Berlin to the Urals as Sarmatia, and he defined his poetic task as the study of the Germans' transgressions against their eastern neighbours. According to geopoetics, Sarmatia is a place made up of personal experiences, feelings and emotions. Research on the autobiography conducted by M. Czermińska allows us to call it an autobiographical place created out of landscape, history and tradition. The writer himself described East Prussia as a place of childhood and happiness, but he also felt fulfilled as a wanderer on the great expanses of Eastern Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The visual truths about the otherness of Eastern Europe formulated through illustrations in travel literature differ from those conveyed by accompanying texts. From seventeenthcentury prints to reportage photography in National Geographic, the images continuously foreground images of mountains and locals in folk costumes. Emphasizing inaccessible terrain and ethnic otherness, the images absorb new meanings when adapted to formulas of regional countries’ self-representations. The article elaborates on the chapter “The Lure of the Ethnic Dress: Eastern Europe in the Traveller’s Gaze” from Murawska-Muthesius’s Imaging and Mapping Eastern Europe: Sarmatia Europea to the Communist Bloc, Routledge: New York, 2021. The book includes full bibliography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historia Ecclesiastica is the property of Vydavatelstvo Presovskej Univerzity and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses uses of dispositif analysis inspired by Michel Foucault’s late works, in a context different from the original one. The author presents the main methodological assumptions of dispositif analysis and the factors which result in its critical and interdisciplinary potential not being fully exploited at present. Based on a literature review of dispositif analysis in post-socialist Eastern Europe, the author formulates an interdisciplinary research program aimed at adapting this approach to the study of East European power networks, taking into account both its different historical, cultural, and geopolitical context – compared to the one of West European countries – and Foucault’s conception of neoliberalism. Methodological recommendations are presented in two research areas: 1) labor in the Polish post-transformation society; and 2) reactions to pedophilia in the Polish Catholic Church.

The protectionism of the last twelve years is forcing many countries to backtrack in the face of the devastating consequences of those policies on their economies and the world trade. The pandemic COVID-19 has highlighted even more how those policies may be destructive and produce impoverishment. The current global pandemic crisis is producing an abrupt and probably very long braking effect on international trade. However, it would be wrong to consider it as the exclusive or the most important cause of global trade stagnation. In fact, the ground had already been prepared by the economic-financial crisis of 2007–2008 and in particular by the choices of “economic nationalism” of neo-protectionist type, which made a precise political use of the modern linear border. Globalisation means mainly the overcoming of political barriers, borders, and the opening to the global free trade market. On the contrary, it is now still hindered by heavy political factors, among which protectionism has been the main one for many years. Those policies, implemented on the large areas by major world powers, have caused a long phase of “de-globalisation”, characterised by the renewed use of the modern border to enclose economies, well before the pandemic crisis.

Although comparative literary studies has its roots in the Enlightenment, Romanticism is considered to be its cradle. In Eastern Europe this fi eld began to develop only in the era of positivism, but it was infl uenced by the work of scholars who, on the one hand, continued their romantic interest in comparative studies, and, on the other, embraced the emerging positivist theories. The article discusses the infl uence of Romanticism on the scholarship of Alexander Veselovsky and Mykhailo Drahomanov, pioneers of comparative literary research in Eastern Europe. It argues that, despite their rootedness in positivism, the work of both Veselovsky and Drahomanov draws a lot from romantic inspirations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Kultura Slowian is the property of Jagiellonian University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The early medieval settlement in Trójca near Zawichost is located in the vicinity of a ford on the Vistula River, at the intersection of communication routes connecting Eastern Europe - through Poland - with Western Europe and the Baltic coast with the Danube Basin. In the years 2020-2021, several thousand artefacts, dated mainly to the 11th and 12th centuries (including two hoards of silver items, hundreds of single coins, adornments, devotional articles, weights, lead ducal seals) were discovered during systematic research conducted with metal detectors. Other discovered items include a number of militaria and parts of cavalry equipment (sword pommels, axe heads, arrowheads, spurs, and stirrups). It is possible that the earliest of them come from as early as the 10th century, whereas the latest artefacts should be dated to the High Middle Ages. Some of the militaria - especially the arrowheads - can be tentatively associated with the battle of Zawichost that took place in 1205. The early medieval settlement in Trójca near Zawichost is located in the vicinity of one of the most convenient fords on the Vistula, at the intersection of medieval routes connecting Eastern Europe - through Poland - with Western Europe and the Baltic coast with the Danube Basin. It was often thought that its position had been of great importance, not only because of trade, but also due to raids on Lesser and Central Poland from the east, as well as to Polish military expeditions to Ruthenia. It was also believed that in Trójca there had been a castle - predecessor of the castellan s stronghold in Zawichost - ' guarding the ford. Previously, the assumptions concerning the special importance of Trójca in the Early Middle Ages were not corroborated by archaeological sources. This state of affairs changed with systematic research - employing metal detectors - conducted there in the years 2020-2021. It resulted in the discovery of several thousand artefacts, mainly from the 11th and 12th centuries (including two silver hoards, hundreds of single coins, adornments, devotional articles, weights, lead ducal seals) as well as a number of militaria and parts of cavalry equipment (two sword pommels, metal axe heads, arrowheads, spurs and stirrups). It is possible that the earliest of them come from as early as the 10th century, whereas the latest artefacts should be dated to the High Middle Ages. Some of the militaria (arrowheads with tangs, one of the stirrups) are evidently of eastern origin and possibly attest to foreign raids. Certain artefacts - especially arrowheads - can be tentatively associated with the battle of Zawichost that was fought in 1205 between the Polish chivalry of the Sandomierz Land and Mazovia on one side and an army led by Roman Duke of Halych (who died during this clash) on the other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The overview refers to the publication Kulturelle Vernetzung in Europa. Das Magdeburger Recht und seine Städte (eds. G. Köster, Ch. Link, H. Lück, Dresden: Sandstein Verlag, 2018). It contains 23 articles devoted to the shaping of urban centres in Central-Eastern Europe, based on an interdisciplinary approach. These centres developed from the 13th through the 18th centuries, following the Magdeburg legal model, under the influence of its legal culture. A similar economic and social context shaped comparable circumstances and transformation trends in these centres, regardless of ethnic diversity. Cities established under Magdeburg law shared a network of cultural links, both material and spiritual. The starting point of most of the texts is the history of urban law, and its transfer and adaptation to new areas. However, they also refer to the legal language, the development of written culture in law, the history of the cities’ inhabitants and ethnic groups, and the history of urban development, archeology, and art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article illustrates the different ways in which the poor are being put to work, in defence of a global neoliberal order by global economic institutions concerned with constructing them as resilient subjects, as well as by opponents of neoliberalism concerned with galvanizing the revolutionary potentials of poor people. In spite of the apparent gulf between neoliberalism and its revolutionary opponents, the poor find themselves subject to remarkably similar strategies of construction by both proponents and opponents of neoliberalism today. This predicament of the poor is particularly vexed in Eastern Europe where strategies of resilience are fast developing, and critical legal theory has so far offered little resistance to this trend. Turning against this tide, this article considers how we might reimagine poverty and conceive its politics beyond and against clichéd images of the poor as resilient subjects. Through an analysis of the work of the Hungarian filmmaker Bela Tarr, it argues for the necessity of images capable of conveying the intolerability of the conditions in which the poor continue to live, as well as the contingency of those conditions; images that serve as interventions on narratives which would reduce the poor to a life of mere resilience.

This article is devoted to the presence of Russia and the Soviet Union in the doctrine of Jerzy Giedroyc, the founder of the Paris-based Kultura – a political centre which significantly influenced and continues to influence Polish Eastern policy. The evolution of the centre’s views on the role and place of Russia in the geopolitical security system of Central and Eastern Europe from the immediate post-war period to the fall of communism and Polish accession to the EU and NATO is presented. The article discusses the issue of Polish-Russian geopolitical and geocultural rivalry in Central and Eastern Europe with particular emphasis on Ukraine, and tries to analyse the vision of Polish-Russian relations proposed by the representatives of Polish political and geopolitical thought in exile. The author also asks the question about the topicality of the discussed doctrine in the changing geopolitical system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the article is to analyze the mechanisms of civic participation in Russia. The basic question: is the concept of a citizen redefined today and what potential does grassroots initiative of informal groups have for civil society. Participation is a social innovation in the post-Soviet area. It is difficult to define development prospects. It is a response to the growing need for co-participation in the decisions of executive authorities and an opportunity to increase public trust and democratization of the regime. The mechanism, however, is still underdeveloped. In the future, the priority trend in civic participation in Russia will be the increase in the use of Internet technologies and increasing their reach in the population (portals, e-administration). Co-participation in the transformation of Russia's regions takes place both in the format of cooperation with local government and as part of independent social and cultural initiatives. This allows to create new leaders in Russia. The local potential for the implementation of participatory instruments in the Russian Federation is still very low. The author uses the analytical-descriptive method to study the development of the participation process in the framework of various models used in Russia in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ethos (0860-8024) is the property of John Paul II Institute, Faculty of Philosophy, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studies in Law & Economics / Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne is the property of Lodz Scientific Society / Lodzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The point of departure for this article is Eastern Europe and its association with mud, which fascinated writers of the enlightenment period. They pictured the region as a wilderness inhabited by fugitives, smugglers and miscreants – an image that went hand in hand with their “civilising” mission of harnessing both nature and the population to productive work. In this narrative mud figures as a hindrance to progress. It is remarkable that mud reappears in the same role in modern Polish cultural texts such as Stefan Żeromski’s Przedwiośnie [The Spring to Come] or Maria Dąbrowska’s Noce i dnie [Nights and Days]. The authors’ goal is to construct an alternative narrative of the modernising projects developed in relation to Eastern Europe from the eighteenth century until the present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Travellers’ discourses thrive on anecdotes. According to Stephen Greenblatt, they interpose between a series of similar, narrow experiences and a wider pattern they may indicate. This analysis deciphers how an anecdote from Passenger to Teheran (1926), the travelogue written by Vita Sackville-West, is not just an isolated flash but can indicate larger representational strategies. In her epic journey Vita Sackville-West travelled from London to Egypt, India, Persia, and then back to England, through Russia, Poland and Prussia; by boat, train and car. In the episode which is subject to a detailed analysis, the travellers were stopped at the Polish–East Prussian border and forced to leave the train. The consequences of what could be just an anecdote about an “unwelcome incident”, reverberate – as it turns out – far beyond the incidental because what is at stake at almost every border incident is a socio–political, geo–political, military and ideological reality. No matter whether such events are presented as adventures or in all seriousness, each border trouble has consequences beyond any “local moment”. To disclose some of the less obvious implications of the Polish–Prussian passage in Vita Sackville-West’s book is the aim of this essay.

The US foreign policy towards Eastern European countries, especially those that are members of the Eastern Partnership, is poorly understood. Therefore, the analysis of recent works (monographs and scientific articles published in peer-reviewed journals) is necessary to write further research and increase Washington’s interest in the region. This paper aims to familiarize scholars with recent researches and help them evaluate the existing scholarship in the field. A systematic approach was used to filter the publications in the field. After 2014, very few scientific publications focused on the role and place of the United States concerning Eastern Europe. The most significant publications are singled out, the conclusions and summary of researches are offered for acquaintance. It is concluded that scholars do not widely cover the US policy towards Europe and individual states in Eastern Europe. We assume that more researches are being done in this area, but they are not published in peer-reviewed journals.

The article reviews the state of research in multilingual literature and proposes the original research concept. In the first part, titled: "Transnational Research," the author describes the possibilities offered by the implementation of a new methodological concept in comparative research on communism in European countries of the former Eastern Bloc. In the second part, "Research on Communist Censorship," the author discusses the predominant trend in the research on communist censorship which has been dynamically developing since the collapse of the system, with particular emphasis on the issue of censorship of literature. In the last part, "Comparative Research on Communist Censorship," she juxtaposes both trends and draws a new research proposal from them. The author notes that there is no scientific study yet to discuss censorship in all former communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe 1. as a supranational phenomenon and 2. using the same methodological perspective. Therefore, she proposes to conduct such research and sees the transnational approach as particularly useful here - releasing the researcher from the national perspective of political histories it creates an opportunity to trace the "flows" of ideas, people, and cultural texts between the Eastern Bloc countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The post-2008 slowdown in economic convergence by countries of east central Europe towards the level of western Europe is interpreted with the help of a concept of dependent capitalism. Convergence appeared to be rapid up to that year, but then stalled, albeit with differing results depending on the measure used. Dependent capitalism meant that the driver for economic growth comes from inward investment by multinational companies (MNCs). Domestically owned businesses failed when faced with international competition, and their agenda hampers policies supporting an active role from the state. Inward investment is attracted by low wages and has contributed to substantial growth, but the slowdown in investment was accompanied by much slower economic growth and dangers that past investment could turn into a burden on the external balance. The strategies pursued by incoming MNCs have brought areas of upgrading, but frequently leave technological levels somewhat behind those of western Europe. Even where they use the same technologies as in their home countries, wages still remain significantly lower. Achieving full convergence would require a different growth model following a substantial change in economic policies: this does not appear likely in the near future.

Although movies representing pandemics can be tracked at least to Die Pest in Florenz / The Pest of Florence (Otto Rippert, 1919, Germany), discussion of pandemic movies as a (sub)genre of its own are quite recent. Moreover, the academic work that does exist has mostly seen pandemic movies narrowly, usually as subgenres of existing categories like horror or science fiction. And even when researchers treated the films as genres, they almost exclusively focused on English-language productions despite the international status of the phenomenon. The introduction, therefore, agitates for a need to expand the analysis to other countries and offers the special issue as an early response in that direction.

The aim of my article is to analyze the contemporary diversified notion of practices in the field of visual arts, performative arts, and artivism as related to the care of the aquatic ecosystems. I also intend to introduce the hydro-art in Poland as the category of the blue humanities - relatively recent branch of the new humanities, conceptualized in the Western academies and still little know in the Polish context of Central-Eastern Europe. I apply the navigating tools offered by the blue humanities to argue for a visually non-obvious and discursively experimental narrative, sensitive to the areas of ignorance and embarrassing truths hidden behind colors. The following examples of artistic or artivist projects form Poland are included to broaden the narrative of the blue humanities: Ewa Ciepielewska's artistic and ethnographic drift on the Vistula River, the artistic residency FLOW/Przepływ; the hydrofeminist collectives such as Cecylia Malik and Sister Rives, and Bojka Diving Collective, the hydro-ecotopia in Małgorzata Wielek's paintings, and Justyna Górowska's WetMeWild. The article also announces the transnational cooperation - the hydrofeminist artistic research project, Anti-monument to a Shrimp: An Ecosexual Adventure, which I intend to implement together with Górowska, and the American ecosexual artists, Annie Sprinkle and Beth Stephens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the article is to indicate the elements of multi-level governance model that can be implemented in the ethno-politics of selected Eastern European countries. In the first part of the text the author discusses what multilevel governance is. Then, she considers to what extent it is possible to implement the model of multilevel governance in the management of ethno-politics in the countries of the sub-region. In her closing remarks she concludes that there are elements of the multi-level governance model that can be implemented in the ethno-politics of selected Eastern European countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Przeglad Sejmowy is the property of Kancelaria Sejmu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeszyty Teoretyczne Rachunkowości is the property of Stowarzyszenie Ksiegowych w Polsce Rada Naukowa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Kata Krasznahorkai`s article.

Tomáš Glanc`s article.

Sabine Hänsgen`s article.

Daniel Grúň`s article.

Sylvia Sasse`s article and interview with Amy Bryzgel.

Patterns of Central Europe’s Borders from the Perspective of Multicultural Vienna. Reminiscences, Rehearsals, Extravagances, and Their Wider Context The article analyzes the concept of the territorial distribution of Central Europe and the inhabitants of Vienna as a par excellence Central European city. It lays out the findings from material gathered through 173 questionnaires in the form of a map of Europe, upon which the respondents indicated the territorial scope of Central Europe. Surveys were carried out both among Austrians and migrants living in Vienna. The authors point at two distinct trends: (a) the inclusion of individual states and regions into Central Europe, (b) exclusion of individual countries and regions from Central Europe. As a result, there is a picture of Central Europe conceived in positive terms (as a cultural and civilizational entity) as well as a negative one (in opposition to the East and the Balkans). However, the study is a pilot and requires further scientific research using alternative methods and techniques.

The paper Politics of Russia and security of Eastern Europe after 1991 examines the impact of policy on Russia after 1991, the safety of Eastern Europe. The author focused on activities of Russia to Ukraine and the Caucasus at the beginning of the 21st century. In that time is the activation of Western policy in the region. NATO turns out logistical support of the region’s States in the reconstruction and modernization of the armed forces. Russia’s response to the aggressive military action, the effect of which was the war with Georgia in 2008 and annexation of Crimea in 2014. It takes place now hybrid warfare with the Alliance and consolidated at the same countries such as Ukraine. The escalation of the aggressive actions of Russia threatens regional and delay the integration of Eastern European States with the European Union.