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Copyright of Political Science Studies / Studia Politologiczne is the property of University of Warsaw and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural & Agribusiness Economists is the property of Polish Association of Agricultural & Agribusiness Economists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Social Inequalities & Economic Growth / Nierownosci Spoleczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy is the property of University of Rzeszow and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose. The purpose of our study is to assess the extent to which food losses and waste affect the level of deficit in the consumption of milk and meat products by the population of Ukraine, which will allow us to identify the regions of Ukraine for which measures and policies to reduce food losses and waste should be developed. Methodology / approach. The empirical research was conducted using primary and secondary data. Primary data were used to calculate food losses and waste according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) methodology. Secondary data were used for correlation and regression analysis. Correlation and regression analysis were conducted for each of the six types of products: meat and milk. Factorial features are food losses and waste per capita. The result feature of the correlation and regression analysis is the share of consumption deficit resulting from food losses and waste. The sample was formed based on data from 24 regions of Ukraine. Results. According to the results of the correlation and regression analysis, the assumption of the absence of a relationship is not confirmed; all factors are significant. It has been proven that food losses and waste of milk and meat are a significant factor in the formation of a deficit in the consumption of milk and meat by the population of Ukraine. It was determined that milk losses and waste have a somewhat higher impact on the deficit of product consumption than meat losses and waste. It was established that the share of the deficit in milk and meat consumption, which arises as a result of food losses and waste, is higher in those areas that traditionally specialise in the production of livestock products. The feasibility of developing and implementing differentiated measures to reduce the deficit of milk and meat consumption in certain regions is substantiated. Originality / scientific novelty. For the first time, the degree of impact of food losses and waste of milk and meat production on the deficit of consumption of these products by the population of Ukraine has been scientifically proven and quantified. Practical value / implications. The results of this empirical study are the basis for the development of state and regional programmes and the implementation of the necessary actions to achieve Sustainable Development Goals 2 and 12 (SDG 2, 12) in Ukraine.

Leisure time is not one of the topics often addressed by sociologists in Poland, even though it remains the experience of almost everyone who lives in liquid modernity. This issue covers an extremely wide range, it is impossible to include it, let alone close it, in a small volume. However, we believe that the category of free time is worth analyzing, especially since the recent experience of the COVID-19 pandemic has changed our everyday life, also in terms of free time. Perhaps the questions that arise on this occasion can turn into research questions and result in further studies.

Copyright of Polish Statistician / Wiadomości Statystyczne is the property of State Treasury - Statistics Poland and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Przegląd Pedagogiczny is the property of Kazimierza Wielki University in Bydgoszcz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article describes the changes in the functioning of media-dependent professional and competitive sport caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. It addresses the strong dependence of sport on electronic media; the consequences of a break in the production of sports broadcasts for the media, sports organisations and athletes; and pandemic remedial strategies. A discussion of the role of sport in contemporary consumer culture and its importance in the development and reduction of the impact of the pandemic is also presented.

The article analyzes the impact of microplastics on the environment. Special attention is paid to the research related to the use of plastic packaging in the food industry and hospitality. To fully assess the health impact of our global plastic addiction, one must consider not only each stage of its life cycle, but all possible pathways of exposure to the various substances used and released throughout that life cycle. The study of the attitude of young people to the problem of environmental pollution was conducted, namely, the survey of 174 respondents aged 18 to 23 (43,2 % – men, 56,8 % – women). Most of the respondents are not aware of the real magnitude of the problem, because microplastic waste is still ignored by social advertising, which popularizes the solution to the global problem of pollution, without focusing on the negative effects on human health. Despite the fact that people consume a large amount of microplastics, it is currently difficult to say how it affects our bodies. Many studies are conducted at an insufficiently qualitative level, therefore they do not provide reliable information. Other data are not systematized and do not allow to see the full picture of the problem. It is substantiated that one of the right ways to reduce the negative impact on the environment, in contrast to disposal in specially designated landfills, is recycling and reuse of plastic. Such recycling is facilitated by the separate collection of waste, which currently takes place in Ukraine without appropriate legislative support and incentive measures.

Copyright of Studia Socjologiczne is the property of Studia Socjologiczne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The main goal of this paper is to analyse the role of human capital in the incidence of hand-to-mouth (HtM) consumers: those who have no liquid resources. The proposed model is based on a two-asset model by Kaplan, Violante and Weidner [2014] with an extension to allow for endogenous accumulation of human capital and is confronted with empirical data on US households from the Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF). I show how the HtM status of consumers depends on their innate abilities, time preference and initial resources. Wealthy HtM households, i.e. households with illiquid resources but with little or no liquidity, are more able, more patient and initially richer than poor HtM households. As a consequence, they accumulate more human capital than poor HtM households. For both types of households, their status depends on having a steep income path, which is endogenous because of endogenous human capital accumulation. The correlation of observable characteristics with HtM behaviour may be of interest to economic policy makers: these consumers have a high marginal propensity to consume so that targeting them could increase the effectiveness of fiscal policy.

This article aims at presenting Meister Eckhart’s category of interior poverty as a contemporary proposal for the issue of sustainable consumption. Attempts to appropriate the discourse almost exclusively by means of economic optics seem unfounded in this context. Indeed, the issue of sustainable consumption is multifaceted, hence the idea to look at it from the perspective of the original thought of Meister Eckhart, who remains remarkably contemporary in his views on interior poverty. Renunciation in the form of depriving man of desires above all and not of things themselves remains a challenge to the intemperance and excesses of our everyday choices; moreover, the positioning of duty in being rather than action, in other words, by Meister Eckhart, is closer to our times than we used to think and remains an inspiring factor for contemporary searches for the core of personal interior preparation within a context of intemperate consumption.

Subject and purpose of work: Analysis of changes in the structure of consumption as a component of GDP in Poland for the period 2011-2020, comparative assessment of GDP and consumption per capita in Poland in comparison with EU countries-27 in 2011-2020.

The article attempts to show that Hegel’s concept of “civil society” is characterized by a deep ambivalence about the value of the new market economy. On the one side, Hegel believed that the economic system represented by “civil society” succeeded like no other in simultaneously giving free reign to the desires of individual subjects and integrating them into a stable structural framework (I). On the other side, Hegel’s reflections are growingly overtaken by doubts as to whether, in light of its self-destructive tendencies, the market system can be as successful in guaranteeing individual freedom as he first envisaged it to be (II). In the course of this essay, it will ultimately become clear that Hegel’s attempt to redefine “civil society” reveals considerably more conceptual indecision and inner conflict than one might have suspected from the great system builder.

Copyright of Optimum. Economic Studies is the property of University of Bialystok and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The consumption of luxury goods is a complex phenomenon influenced by many factors and variables. It is the result of national and global conditions. The article investigates the consumption of luxury goods in China, the demand for which is increasing each year. This is a relatively new topic and subject of research in various social sciences. The author analyses this phenomenon from the point of view of Chinese society, which has evolved and started to develop dynamically in recent years. The study discusses the concept of consumption with particular emphasis on luxury goods, and also presents some critical remarks regarding the consumption of these products. The article is a theoretical-empirical study and it is based on classical and contemporary literature on consumption, as well as selected foreign research on the issue of luxury goods consumption in China. The article has a scientific value and can also be used to analyse the demand and supply of luxury goods in Chinese society.

Copyright of Studies of the Industrial Geography Commission of the Polish Geographical Society / Prace Komisji Geografii Przemyslu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego is the property of Press of Pedagogical University of Cracow and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The text considers the concept of aestheticization and the influence of mass culture on it in the light of Stefan Morawski's views. Morawski adopted a value-laden attitude towards mass art. That is why in his reflections on aestheticization processes its role remains unnoticed by him, contrary to his original declarations. This is why I have to ask Morawski questions that he leaves unanswered. Does in fact the spectacularity of contemporary life result in its "art-like" constitution? The author of the essay gives a positive answer here, stressing that mass art becomes the model for shaping life, and tries to answer what this pattern is based on. Thus Morawski's views appear here as a negative point of reference. The positive part of the considerations, on the other hand, focuses on Walter Benjamin and Jean Baudrillard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to present the concept of a life cycle of the family identified with a household in historical terms and also to indicate the presence of a one-person household in these concepts. Moreover, the purpose covers also an attempt to conceptualize the functioning of a one-person household in the household life cycle and formulate the proposal concerning a one-person household life cycle model. Design/methodology/approach: The first part of the article presents the genesis and development of the family/household life cycle concept since the beginning of the 20th century in the aspect of oneperson households. The second part of the article is an attempt to indicate the variables that should be used to create a model of one-person household life cycle functioning and a proposition of the author’s concept. Findings: To create a useful variable illustrating the stages of the life cycle of a one-person household, three characteristics should be taken into account, i.e. age, gender and education. Research implications: The household life cycle can be the key to understanding how consumer behavior changes over time. Practical implications: It seems that the potential of the one-person household life cycle concept can have practical application in economics, can inspire and guide new research, providing valuable information about one-person households. Oryginality/value: The model presented in the study should provide a “sensitizing” conceptual framework for thinking how to improve previous models of the household life cycle and include one-person households in them.

Monitoring of antibiotic consumption is one of the basic tools of the strategies to combat antibiotic resistance, is an integral part of the antibiotic stewardships and helps to ensure the rational antibiotic therapy. It is used to describe the structure and dynamics of antibacterials usage. The defined daily dose (DDD) methodology and ATC (anatomical, therapeutic and chemical) classification used in the monitoring programs determine the reliability of the analyzed data and enable the comparison of the antibiotic consumption between departments, centers and regions.

The consumption of raw milk from vending machine in Croatia has increased in recent years. However, its health safety is insufficiently investigated and controlled. The objective of this study was to investigate the suitability of raw milk consumption, from 28 vending machines from 3 counties in Croatia during one-year research period, based on the physicochemical and hygiene quality. Also, the simulation of psychrothrophic bacteria growth has been conducted in order to determine its optimal storage time because of their unfavorable effect on the milk quality. The physicochemical composition of milk samples (n=320) was determined by the infrared spectrometry (chemical composition) and cryoscopic method (freezing point), while hygiene quality was estimated with a total bacterial count (TBC) and a somatic cell count (SCC). Microbiological analyses included determining the presence of Enterococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp. and the pathogenic species. Satisfactory quality of raw milk was established in 95% (chemical quality) and 70% unadulterated samples (without added water). The prescribed hygiene quality was met by 36.6% (TBC) and 71.9% (SCC) samples. Of total 320 samples, the presence of bacteria in genus Enterococcus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. was confirmed in 93.4% and 96.9% samples, respectively, and bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Lysteria monocytogenes was confirmed in 32.2%, 27.5% and 3.8% samples. The finding of Salmonella spp. and Yersinia enterocolitica was negative. At the end of the study improvement of the microbiological quality of raw milk from vending machines was established. The results indicate the need for systematic control and obligate thermal treatment of raw milk before consumption.

This is a translation of a seminal, historiographic and methodological article by Grace Lees-Maffei concerning design history as an area of study and an academic discipline,originally published as: “The Production-Consumption-Mediation Paradigm” in: „Journal of Design History” 2009, 22(4), p. 351–376. Translated by Filip Lipiński

The text aims to describe currents, tendencies and fields of interest in design history studies in Poland, which grew in number around the year 2000. There are several characteristic patterns to be observed. First of all, despite the fact that the pioneering monograph on the subject appeared in 1978 (I. Huml), one can still observe terminological diversity, with various terms, such as applied arts and design, being used as synonyms. Secondly, looking at the history of the research, one may draw up a calendar of key events (publications, exhibitions) which led to the development and/or consolidation of the basic vision of Polish design from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 21st century, related primarily to the political and artistic history of the country. Thirdly, the increase in historical knowledge on the subject has been generated not only by different environments but also in the context of diverse institutions (academic and museum research, art market, collecting/connoisseurship). Consequently, the research conducted so far has been methodologically diversified, influenced by different goals and results. As a result, in the social reception there is a specific coexistence of projects of a scientific, popular science and commercial nature. A critical point in the dynamics of research was marked by two events which took place at the beginning of the 21st century: the exhibition Rzeczy pospolite and the subsequent publication (2000/2001), and founding of the quarterly “2+3D” (2001). Another marked increase in initiatives has occurred since the end of the 2000s. The demand for knowledge about design history is also, to some extent, animated by the art market. On the one hand, old design collecting generates a spontaneous exchange of messages on social media, while on the other, it stimulates the creation of reliable popular science studies. Research on Polish design has been dominated by the perspective of art history, usually in its traditional version focusing on style as well as the artistic and theoretical context, and highlighting issues of uniqueness and individual authorship, which prevail over functional, technological or social aspects in the discourse. Consequently, there has been no approach that would perceive Polish design and its multiple contexts as a dynamic system, a set of practices and mediations, such as the approach proposed several years ago by Grace Lees-Maffei (Production-Consumption-Mediation Paradigm) for design history. Such a perspective would enhance and stress the importance of research on the relations between various actors in the Polish design community, such as institutions (educational, experimental and research, manufacturing), transmitters (exhibitions, advice) and mediators between production and consumption.

Copyright of Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, Sectio H: Oeconomia is the property of Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Food self-sufficiency is considered a priority for modern economies. The meat market is among the most developed food markets in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Their accession to the European Union opened up new markets to producers, while raising competition levels. The aim of the article is to assess the level of self-sufficiency in beef and pork in selected countries of Central and Eastern Europe in 2005-2017. Simplified indicators of food self-sufficiency were used, with focus on measures of technical and economic self-sufficiency. Technical self-sufficiency was measured on the basis of the volume of foreign trade; the amount of meat produced per capita and the ratio of meat consumption to production were also taken into account. Economic self-sufficiency was assessed on the basis the value of foreign trade. Considerable differences in terms of self-sufficiency have been found among the countries of Central and Eastern European. It turns out that Poland, Lithuania and Estonia have the safest beef policy, while Hungary and Estonia are leaders in terms of pork production policies. Domestic beef production satisfies the demand in the majority of countries of Central and Eastern Europe; when it comes to pork, only Poland is self-sufficient. The lowest degree of beef and pork self-sufficiency has been observed in Bulgaria and Slovakia; Slovenia is least self-sufficient in terms of pork production.

The market economy develops cyclically, which is reflected in the wave of economic activity. The reasons for the breakdown in economic activity in each cycle are different, but the course of the cycle is similar. The cause of the recent crisis in the global economy was the collapse of the real estate market in the United States. After about two years, the tendencies of the decline in production in highly developed economies were stopped and they entered the phase of a slow recovery. The Polish economy is part of the global economy. Under these conditions, the external environment affects the development processes in our economy. Therefore, when analyzing the development trends of the Polish economy, attention should be paid to factors that affect the level of economic activity in the main centers of the global economy, in the United States and the European Union. Against this background, the development trends of the Polish economy and prospects for its further development were analyzed.

The text aims to describe currents, tendencies and fields of interest in design history studies in Poland, which grew in number around the year 2000. There are several characteristic patterns to be observed. First of all, despite the fact that the pioneering monograph on the subject appeared in 1978 (I. Huml), one can still observe terminological diversity, with various terms, such as applied arts and design, being used as synonyms. Secondly, looking at the history of the research, one may draw up a calendar of key events (publications, exhibitions) which led to the development and/or consolidation of the basic vision of Polish design from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 21st century, related primarily to the political and artistic history of the country. Thirdly, the increase in historical knowledge on the subject has been generated not only by different environments but also in the context of diverse institutions (academic and museum research, art market, collecting/connoisseurship). Consequently, the research conducted so far has been methodologically diversified, influenced by different goals and results. As a result, in the social reception there is a specific coexistence of projects of a scientific, popular science and commercial nature. A critical point in the dynamics of research was marked by two events which took place at the beginning of the 21st century: the exhibition Rzeczy pospolite and the subsequent publication (2000/2001), and founding of the quarterly "2+3D" (2001). Another marked increase in initiatives has occurred since the end of the 2000s. The demand for knowledge about design history is also, to some extent, animated by the art market. On the one hand, old design collecting generates a spontaneous exchange of messages on social media, while on the other, it stimulates the creation of reliable popular science studies. Research on Polish design has been dominated by the perspective of art history, usually in its traditional version focusing on style as well as the artistic and theoretical context, and highlighting issues of uniqueness and individual authorship, which prevail over functional, technological or social aspects in the discourse. Consequently, there has been no approach that would perceive Polish design and its multiple contexts as a dynamic system, a set of practices and mediations, such as the approach proposed several years ago by Grace Lees-Maffei (Production-Consumption-Mediation Paradigm) for design history. Such a perspective would enhance and stress the importance of research on the relations between various actors in the Polish design community, such as institutions (educational, experimental and research, manufacturing), transmitters (exhibitions, advice) and mediators between production and consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents premises inscribing food self-supply in new trends occurring in consumer behavior and shows the opinions of consumers on food self-supply. The analysis used research conducted in 2017 in the Mazowieckie voivodship among representatives of rural households. Food self-supply is part of the concept of sustainable development and sustainable consumption. It is an example of the greening of consumption, and of conscious and collaborative consumption. The most important factors entering food self-supply into new consumer trends are natural and healthy food produced in accordance with sustainable development, care for health and the natural environment, cultivating traditions, but also product individualization related to the use of free time.

In the paper, the subject matter of deliberations is the ethical approach to consumption. The author discusses the issue of ethical consumption, which is perceived as a subject and means of moral action. Three approaches to defining ethical consumption are described. In the first one, ethical consumption is seen in relation to consumer goods with an ethical value. In the second one, consumer practices are analysed from the perspective of ethics. The final one illustrates the ties between political activity and being a responsible consumer. The following question is posed: Is the concept of ethical consumption merely an idea propagated by scientists or a real perspective for change in terms of consumption? In order to answer that question, the results of empirical research on the scope and degree of prevalence of ethical consumption in various communities are analysed. This review reveals that significant potential exists for the attitudes characteristic of ethical consumption among consumers, with simultaneous existence of differences between particular communities. JEL: JEL, E21 null The creation of the English-language version of these publications is financed in the framework of contract No. 607/P-DUN/2018 by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education committed to activities aimed at the promotion of education.

The article investigates food fears in the context of the everyday food practices of customers of farmers’ markets in Małopolska Voivodeship, Poland. The qualitative analysis of 15 individual in-depth interviews mostly concerns topics of negative evaluation and narratives justifying the exclusion of specific products, food practices and institutions of the food chain. In particular, the study focuses on ways of defining food fears, such as chemicals in food, processed food, suspicious appearance and freshness of products and concerns associated with the place of purchase. An in-depth analysis of these topics reveals broader criticism of the food system within the narratives of the research subjects. This concerns redefinitions of relations between economic order and social institutions, removing particular cultural meaning from it, fragmentation and distancing of the production process from consumption, a lack of transparency in the food chain, and the associated ignorance. The diagnosis resulting from the interviews is expressed as food fears: it has ramifications connected to the engagement and practices of avoidance or minimisation of food threats and strategies of resistance. The analysis employs Mary Douglas’s structuralist theory of defining through negation and Peter Jackson’s food anxieties theory, as well as concepts of ignorance, distrust and social embeddedness of economic practices

In this article I describe contemporary processes of marking identity in the context of the phenomenon and concept of “lans”. The text consist of four parts. Part One, I describe changes that have taken place in recent centuries and their consequences for identity nowadays. In the second part I outline the characteristic of lans, paying attention to its potential in explanation sign-functions. Part Three contains the main conclusions of the semiological analysis of lans. In the final part I summarise the article.

The milk sector in Ukraine has been facing several acute problems. This article analyses the economic aspects of production, as well as consumption of milk and dairy products in Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to analyze the state of production, as well as the consumption of milk and dairy products in Ukraine, to identify the factors influencing the production, marketing and consumption of these products. The optimal amounts of milk and dairy products production are determined, which will enable to meet the needs of the population according to the rules of rational nutrition. The article attracts attention to the problems of the dairy products complex of Ukraine, which results in insufficient consumption of the necessary products by the majority of the population of the country, which leads to inconsistencies between production, solvency and the needs of the population. The factors which affect the supply and demand for milk and dairy products in Ukraine are determined. The development of the dairy products complex in Ukraine requires intensification of branches of dairy cattle breeding, the development of the forage base, optimization of the relations between farms with the processing industry of the agroindustrial complex, the improvement of the price mechanism for the formation of the milk resources market and the improvement of the quality and range of dairy products.

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Thesis. The aim of the article is to present the impact of mega- and macro-levels on the formation of new consumer socialization agendas in the educational process. The article is an attempt to explain the assumption that today the educational process is associated not only with changes in values or changes in defining the family, but also protests in the automotive industry in the 1930s, production allocation, marketing, globalization, consumerism, development of new media and the political transformation in Poland. Concepts discussed. The analysis combines theories on the issues of broadly understood consumption, including the theory of the consumer society by Zygmunt Bauman (2009), or the branding of the nation by James McNeal, with several approaches to social changes and globalization in the 20th and 21st centuries, among which Beverly Silver1 s (2009) thesis was crucial. Results and conclusions. The article draws attention to the issue of modification of the individual and the "market game" associated with the success and social promotion of a family mediated by child development - "the most expensive investment". The cognitive value of the approach. The most important value is the original, not undertaken so far, perspective of analyzing the educational process of a modem child - not only in the context of family, environment and consumption, but also the processes of change in the work organization and staffing. The adopted imperative results from the belief that contemporary reality requires not only psychological analysis from the perspective of the individual or sociological analysis of the group and the education system, but also of the problems taking place at the international level, adopting Samuel Huntington's thesis on the consolidation of the world economy ((Huntington, 2003). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Quantitative Methods in Economics / Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych is the property of Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Applied Informatics & Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper joins the philosophical reflection on design. A historiosophical approach to this phenomenon is complemented by phenomenological descriptions depicting different types of its paradox. Design is considered here as an effect of the impetus for visualization encoded in Western culture and connected with the privileged position of the sense of sight present in this culture. The visibility of things -- products -- is to restore in modern people a sense of security and to deliver them from the fear of nothingness. Such a historiosophical approach is connected to constructivism, as it combines design with the creation of reality, the creation which consists in imposing form -- i.e. human program and project -- on (chaotic) things. Main theorem: Thing-form-shaping practices are not neutral with respect to existence and axiology because they also inevitably de-form the world. Questions: What does this paradox mean and in what ways does it emerge, and how is it given in experience? What is the end of all these experiments (with regard to appearances, shapes and forms) conducted on reality or nature? What are the cultural, moral, political or social consequences of reducing the meaning -- and existence -- of things to their visible shapes? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Intercathedra is the property of Poznan University of Life Sciences Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Leisure time is an important element of human lifestyle which is reflected in people worldviews, aims, life ambitions and aspirations, based on their behaviours and market activities. Nowadays, leisure time is a highly va I ued resource. lt is a value in itself remaining though in shortage. Thus, the signiflcance of a skillful arrangement and satisfying use of leisure time is so important. Leisure time is the time in which an individual may fulfill their needs, indulging in different activities in a voluntary way, either for relaxation, entertainment, development, education, or for their voluntary participation in social life, after breaking out from professional, family and social duties. The study has undertaken the issue of consumer behaviour in leisure time. The main purpose was an attempt to present a relation between leisure time and consumption, ways of spending leisure time by consumers and determinants of particular activity forms choice.

The article deals with the economic aspects of production, as well as consumption of meat and meat products in Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to analyze the state of production, as well as the consumption of meat and meat products in Ukraine, to identify the factors influencing the production, marketing and consumption of these products. The optimal amounts of meat and meat products production are determined, which will enable to meet the needs of the population according to the rules of rational nutrition. The article attracts attention to the problems of the meat products complex of Ukraine, which results in insufficient consumption of the necessary products by the majority of the population of the country, which leads to inconsistencies between production, solvency and the needs of the population. The potential opportunities in the field of improving the quality of food raw materials for obtaining additional food reserves are determined. The development of the meat products complex in Ukraine requires intensification of branches of animal husbandry, the development of the forage base, optimization of the relations between farms with the processing industry of the agroindustrial complex, the improvement of the price mechanism for the formation of the meat resources market and the improvement of the quality and range of meat products.

Launched in April 2016, the 500 Plus family program significantly reduces the scale of socially and economically disadvantageous phenomena, i.e. the current lowest rates in families of many. Ano­ther key program of social family policy in Poland launched in December 2016 is the Apartment Plus program. This program should also have a positive impact on the reduction of social degradation in the housing situation. The mai n objective of the Apartment Plus program is a significant increase in the ava­ilability of housing in Poland, especially low-cost housing with the possibility of buying out properties. The consequence of the development of this program on a larger scale in the coming years will be to offer such housing primarily to families who have so far been una ble to rent and purchase housing due to their low incomes and lack of creditworthiness. lf a government-approved development plan for the subsequent years of the Apartment Plus program will be implemented by 2030, the level of housing availability for citizens in Poland will reach a level close to the average in the European Union.

"Consumer (anti) discrimination practices in a university education. About student–consumer situation" One of the most important roles a contemporary human must fulfil is the role of a consumer. It is not particularly surprising, taking into consideration that consumer rules seem to apply in almost all aspects of life. Although the knowledge of the rights of an individual due to their consumer obligations has increased in recent years, they are not respected everywhere. There are many reasons for this; lack of knowledge and adaptation of space to the realities of modern market have a decisive meaning. Academic education is not an exception here. The aim of this article is an attempt to verify activities discriminating the rights of a studentconsumer and actions counteracting this phenomenon.

The prevalence of diet-related diseases together with global population growth and the imbalance of ecosystems determine an urgent need to change existing dietary patterns and make food market more sustainable. A widely available alternative to food of animal origin are plant sources of protein, including pulses. The aim of this paper was to analyse the global pulses market and to review programs encouraging the increase of pulses consumption. The production and consumption of this food were analysed globally, regionally, and in selected countries using FAOSTAT data. The situation on the Polish market was presented additionally on the base of GUS (Central Statistical Office) data. Finally, the SWOT method was used to assess the market and indicate the possibility of giving up part of the meat consumption for pulses

The aim of the article is to analyse and assess changes in the potato market in Poland. The area of potato cultivation in Poland is gradually decreasing. The scale of this phenomenon is very large - unparalleled in any other country. Unprocessed, fresh potato are replaced more and more often with ready-made preserves and cereal products, e.g. groats, rice and pasta. The study uses statistical materials published by The Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics - National Research Institute and the Central Statistical Office. The time range of these data covers the years 2001-2019. During the development of the data, the basic methods of statistical analysis were used, i.e. correlation, change dynamics, arithmetic mean and standard deviation.