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The article defines the essence of the concept of the study of the influence of households as an institutional basis on inclusive regional development in the context of modernization of state-building processes in Ukraine. It is indicated that the basis of inclusive development is the movement from the bottom up, the main goal is building society. It is indicated that the priority is to unleash the potential of people and create equal opportunities for each person through affordable and high-quality health infrastructure and services. The necessity of building a state policy to promote the growth of all types of income is noted. The role of territorial communities in the use of public potential to enhance investment activity is determined. To increase the rate of localization of the economic space it is necessary to intensify the use of internal resources.

The purpose of this article is to study types of parental attitude towards children as a way to achieve adaptive family relationships. Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. A pilot research was used as the empirical method. The results of the research. Children of parents with a controlling type of upbringing were obedient, suggestible, fearful, not too persistent in achieving their own goals, non-aggressive. With a mixed style of upbringing children are characterized by suggestibility, obedience, emotional sensitivity, non-aggres­siveness, lack of curiosity, originality of thinking and poor imagination. So, we distinguished three types of parental attitudes that are pathogenic for the emo­tional development of the child: 1. Emotional rejection is the indifferent attitude towards the child, it shows the parents’ unwillingness to satisfy the child’s physi­cal and mental needs, a desire to spend more time without him/her. This also includes cruel treatment, when, along with indifference, parents inflict physical injuries on the child. The reasons are financial difficulties, marital conflicts and mental infantilism of the child. 2. Overprotection is often such style of treatment of the child, which covers up an unconscious rejection of him/her. A feeling of guilt, in the connection with this rejection, often is arisen in parents’ psyche whose child is often and seriously ill. 3. Treatment of the child by a double bind type. The child is completely (and emotionally) dependent on the parents. Conclusions. The classification of parental attitudes towards children suf­fering from neuroses, neurosis-like conditions, psychopathies and character accentuationswas proposed: 1. Indulgent hyperprotection: the child is the cen­ter of attention of the family, and the family strives to satisfy his/her needs as fully as it is possible. 2. Dominant hyperprotection: the child is the center of attention of the parents, who spend a lot of time and energy to him/her, while depriving him/her of independence, setting numerous restrictions and prohibi­tions. 3. Emotional rejection: ignoring the child’s needs, often cruelty to him/her. 4. Increased moral responsibility is in education, increased moral demands are combined with inattention and lack of care on the part of the parents. 5. Cruel treatment includes parents do not strive to satisfy the needs of the child, but at the same time practice cruel punishments for the slightest offenses. 6. Neglect: the child is left to his/her own devices, the parents are not interested in his/her personality and do not control him/her. Lack of care and control are perceived by us as hypoprotection.

The purpose of this article is to show psychological features of post-trau­matic stress disorder of combatants. Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling and generalization. The experimental method was the method of or­ganizing empirical research. The results of the research. The following methods were shown to be widely used by psychologists and rehabilitation specialists of military units and unit commanders in the practice of psychological rehabilitation of combatants who had received combat mental trauma: autogenic techniques (performance of mental self-regulation techniques, self-training, meditation, etc.); physiologi­cal methods (deep sleep, rest, quality food, drinking a lot of water, shower, field bath); organizational means (establishing a clear regime of work and rest, in­volvement of servicemen into active combat training, service, preservation of military uniform); medication means (sedatives, tranquilizers, antidepressants, nootropics, psychostimulants, phytotherapy, vitamin therapy, etc.); psychotherapeutic techniques and methods (individual and group rational psychotherapy, music, library, art, nature therapy, etc.). Conclusions. We proved that the situation of hostilities, which take place in the east of Ukraine, leads to pronounced changes in the functional state of mental activity, which is characterized by the development of extremely strong negative emotions, such as anxiety, fear, severe mental and physical fatigue. The rapid transition to a peaceful reality often does not allow combatants to adequately respond to certain circumstances from the perspective of the sur­rounding reality. Post-traumatic stress disorder, becoming chronic, affects al­most every aspect of a combatant’s life, including work, activity, interpersonal relationships, physical health and self-esteem.

The purpose of this article is to introduce Psychosemantics of Types of Military Stress of Combatants: we mean Chronic constant (or prolonged) stress and Acute situational stress of combatants with Post-traumatic stress disorder. Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. The experimental method was the method of organizing empirical research. The results of the research. We proved, that combatants with Chronic constant (or prolonged) stress also observed variability in the occurrence and development of a painful emotional state, but, as a rule, at the first stage there was an accumulation of emotional tension, which, due to the interaction of certain personal characteristics and situational influences, did not find a response. We understood, that the main disorders of the servicemen’s mental activity are related to the experience that traumatizes the psyche and which is caused by military conditions, but their degree largely depends on the totality of the reaction to this factor of the entire unit. The collective reaction has a strong influence on the discipline and organization of military units. Conclusions. Therefore, it should be noted that Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders occur in a case of combatants as a delayed or protracted reaction to a Psycho-Traumatic Stress Event or a situation of an exclusively threatening or deadly nature (combat operations, watching the violent death of others, the role of a victim of torture, being in captivity, etc.). In its essence, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is an appropriate reaction of a mind and a body to a powerful emotional stimuli of a stressful situation that occurred.

The purpose of this article is to study psychological characteristics and parents-children interpersonal relationships in the family with a child with intellectual disabilities. Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. The empirical method is a pilot research. The results of the research. Such personal characteristics, as aggression, infantilism, shyness (the result of disrupted relationships between a child and his/her parents) can be attributed to three levels of parent-child interpersonal relationships: Level I – the relationships between parents and a child are characterized as passive-defensive ones, children are in a state of hidden conflict, there is no possibility of establishing emotional intimacy; Level II – there is adaptive atmosphere of emotional incontinence in the family. Children adopt this style and treat their parents in a “mirror” way – it is active-defensive style. Children are confident that their requests and desires will not be satisfied. Accusations are responded to them with aggression. They do not know how to restrain emotional reactions; their behavior is dominated by excitability, conflicts and aggressiveness; Level III – there are the same family characteristics as in the second level, but children are noted to have a weak nervous system. As a result, in response to sharp influences from the side of their parents, physiological disorders arise such reactions, as tic, enuresis, stuttering. Typically, such a child is characterized by obedience, but the possibility of outbursts of aggression towards peers cannot be ruled out. Conclusions. We showed, that the extreme variant of violations of the relationships between parents and children was “maternal deprivation”. This condition is characterized by severe psychological discomfort of the child, occurs in conditions of constant absence of the mother or severe rejection from the side of her attitude to a child. Both in theoretical and experimental studies which deal with the influence of the family situation on the formation of behavioral tendencies and personality traits of children, play the enormous role of the mother. So, in the situation of the absence of the mother or in the situation where the child saw her extremely rarely, the child felt emotional discomfort, cried more often, was stubborn and aggressive.

The purpose of this article is to introduce the concept of Psychologicallysomatic stress, to describe types of military stress, to show the principles of use the method of Positive Psychotherapy for psychological rehabilitation of combatants with mental disorders. Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. The experimental method was the method of organizing empirical research. We also used the method of Positive Psychotherapy. The results of the research. According to combatants we distinguish the following types of stress: Chronic constant (or prolonged) stress. It is determined by a constant (or prolonged) serious load on a person and causes increased neuropsychological and physiological tension of the body. Acute situational stress is caused by a certain event or phenomenon, as a result of which a person loses his/her mental balance. Constant physiological stress is associated with physical overloads of the body and the influence of various harmful environmental factors on it (uncomfortable temperature, high noise level, etc.). Psychological stress is a consequence of: violation of the psychological stability of the person (for example, affected self-esteem, negative reasons of war, etc.); psychological overload of the person (increased responsibility, large amount of war destroyed activity, etc.). The subtype of Psychological stress is the Emotional stress, that occurs when there is a threat, danger or fear. Informative stress is determined by information overload or information vacuum. Conclusions. The solution of the problem by using the method of Positive Psychotherapy has to be in such a way, that torments, the patient must always go through five main stages: 1. Looking at the situation from a distance. 2. Careful study of each individual detail, without exception, all the nuances. 3. Situational agreements. 4. Verbalization. In Psychology, this is the formalization of feelings and emotions into verbal-logical forms. In simple words, this is a description of how a person feels when he/she is thinking about a problem. 5. Expanding boundaries, setting new goals and drawing up a plan of the action. The main goal of each session is to free a person from the burden with which he/she came. And you need to do it right now, at the current moment in time. Interestingly, according to this scheme, specialists in Positive Psychology build communication with absolutely all their clients, regardless of their problem.

The purpose of this article is to present psychological study of the functional state of the patient. Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. The method of organizing an empirical research was used as an experimental method. The results of the research. The results show, that there are four primary clusters. They consist of one basic variable, with the help of which we identify them. These clusters characterize the current state of patients with ischemic stroke at the time of the start of rehabilitation measures. The interaction of “Factor of deviation from the autogenous norm, pathology of the somatic state” and “Factor of instability of health and well-being” make up the first and second primary clusters, which are dominant. “Anxiety Factor” and “The Factor of passivity, physical limitation of activity” form the third and the fourth primary clusters. Conclusions. Such interaction of the studied variables indicates the presence of psychological discomfort or a state of a physiological discomfort. It is a source of anxiety. In the first place, in order of significance, the restoration of lost motor functions appears in a case of such patients, when the patient feels only a certain anxiety from the view of his/her psycho-physiological state, without giving himself/herself an account of the reason for the presence of anxiety. The limits of psychological capabilities of patients are significantly narrowed – this is evidenced by the value of the interaction of the indicator “Factor of deviation from the autogenous norm, pathology of the somatic state” and “Anxiety Factor”. These indicators are quite low, although their rehabilitation potential is often high (forecast by a specialist neurologist). Such patients are not fully oriented to the process of physical rehabilitation, they have no or rather low motivation to engage in physical exercises. This should also be taken into account when planning and implementing rehabilitation measures, which we have done in the formative experiment.

This article presents theoretical studies of methods for assessing car quality indicators in the operation stage. Important criteria for determining the quality indicators of cars during the operation phase are the following: functional stability, ecology, comfort, technical solutions, and traffic safety. The problem of converting a multicriteria quality assessment to a single criterion is proposed to be solved by the method of determining a quality index. The methodology for the practical and actual implementation of this research is based on the evaluation of the quality index established on the average vehicle speed then the basic methodological principles are formulated. The quality index of a car is significantly dependent on the operating conditions. This article presents the correction coefficients for the quality index of base, hybrid, and electric vehicles, depending on the operating conditions. The studies and the proposed car quality index provide timely information on the characteristics of operating conditions, creating the necessary conditions and opportunities for automakers to improve the design of cars, promote the image of car brands, and increase sales.

The article solves practical scientific tasks, conducts research on the institutional support of the territorial organization of farms, and provides theoretical justifications based on the achievements of the currently existing science, a generalization of the current legislation and implementation practice. The paper provides the development of practical recommendations for improving the mechanisms and methods of providing high-quality administrative services by local self-government bodies. The modern domestic system of providing administrative services from the point of view of convenience for private individuals is characterized by many shortcomings of an objective and subjective nature. The current mechanism for the provision of administrative services by public authorities needs serious refinement, development of new approaches and their approval, comparison with foreign practice in order to determine the most optimal. To eliminate the shortcomings in this context, what administrative services are, is analyzed in detail. One of the main conditions for the successful reform of the civil servants’ remuneration system is stable financial support. The issue of reforming the system of remuneration of civil servants will be resolved together with the issue of determining additional sources of funding. The costs of carrying out the mentioned reform can be covered, in particular, by increasing the efficiency of public administration and optimizing the number of employees of executive authorities and eliminating vacant positions. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that the reform of public administration involves increasing the efficiency of the provision of administrative services. The network of centers for the provision of administrative services is actively developing and the provision of electronic services is being introduced. However, the availability of services and the quality of service differ in different territorial communities. Obstacles to the integration of certain popular services into administrative service provision centers remain due to excessive centralization of powers to provide them.

The purpose of the research is to show psychological peculiarities of examination of children with a diagnosis of “logoneurosis”, complicated with disorders of sensory sphere and disorders of perceptions. Research methods. The research methods were the method of observation and the empirical study of patients. The place of organizing the empirical stage of our research was the psychiatric hospital 1 in Kyiv. With the help of clinical, pathopsychological and anamnestic methods 86 children in the age of 3-12 years old (the average age is 8 ± 0.5 years old) with logoneurosis in anamnesis were diagnosed. The results of the research. We proved, that adverse conditions, which facilitate logoneurosis, are: physically weakened children; age features of brain activity; accelerated development of speech (3-4 years old), when the child’s communicative, cognitive and regulatory functions are developed rapidly under the influence of communication with adults; hidden mental imbalance of a child, increased reactivity as a result of not quite normal relationships with others; a conflict between the peculiarities of the environment and the degree of its awareness; lack of positive emotional contacts between adults and children; insufficient development of motility, sense of rhythm, facial expressions and articulatory movements; disorders of sensory sphere of the person and disorders of perceptions. Conclusions. The ability of a child with logoneurosis to present speech freely depends not only on varying degrees of independence, but also on his/her readiness. So, the speech therapist should trace the features of the appearance of speech spasms depending on whether the child utters a complex or simple phrases, individual words or sounds. On the material of retelling the texts, it is recorded in which cases speech convulsions take a place: only at the beginning of the story, at the beginning of phrases, by use of individual words or sounds. It is being investigated whether speech convulsions do not depend on the level of speech volume. For this purpose, the examinee is asked to speak quietly, loudly, in a whisper.

The purpose of the research is: to study the characteristics of disorders of psychomotor function and psycho-emotional state of patients with ischemic stroke according to the initial examination; to develop a method of physical rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke at the inpatient stage of rehabilitation, depending on the severity of psychomotor functions and features of the psycho-emotional state; to outline psychological essence of biomechanical laws which direct the disorders of the psychomotor function of a personality. Research methods. There were used the following psychological and pedagogical research methods: the analysis of literature sources, the method of psychological and pedagogical observation, psychological and pedagogical experiment. The results of the research. The methods of functional biomanagement with external feedback are proved to be fundamentally new and promising in physical rehabilitation, having been used with the aim of training physiological or retraining pathologically impaired functions. The empirical data is shown to be obtained corresponding to the goals and tasks of the movement restoration system in the case of various diseases and brain injuries. The strongest stimulator of movement is proved to be so called kinesthetic sense, to reproduce consciously performed movements. Kinesthetic sense is a mean that is a necessary prerequisite for the rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke. Conclusions. The psychological essence of biomechanical laws is defined in relation to the disorders of the psychomotor function of a person: 1) the rule of redistribution of functions of the affected limb; 2) the rule of functional copying of another person’s movements; 3) the rule of ensuring the optimum in psychomotor activity.

The purpose of our article is to study psychological peculiarities of the introductory period of physical rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke. Research methods. There were used psychological and pedagogical research methods: the analysis of literature sources, the method of psychological and pedagogical observation, psychological and pedagogical experiment. The results of the research. We proved that psychological objectives of the introductory period of physical rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke were: 1) restoration of proper breathing; 2) the formation of the psychological basis for the implementation of motor actions; 3) learning the elements of basic motor actions: the accuracy of motor tasks, maintaining a certain posture (starting position) in the process of doing exercises; 4) learning the basics of ideomotor exercises; 5) learning methods of self-control. Conclusions. It was shown, when performing new exercises, patients had experienced psycho-emotional stress, which had led to signs of fatigue (even when performing only a few physical exercises). It was manifested in the form of inadequate response of the cardiovascular system to the proposed load, and changes into the psycho-emotional state of the patient (increased anxiety, loss of interest, decreased concentration, etc.). In the presence of only subjective sensations of the emotional nature, when there was no inadequate response of the cardiovascular system to the proposed load, we used the method of “switching”. In a case of “switching” we asked the patient a general question in order to listen to his/her answer. This technique significantly accelerated the recovery of the person’s activity. When we observed fatigue associated with reduced levels of functionality, the patient was offered rest until complete recovery of a cardiovascular system.

The purpose of our research is to develop the problem of stuttering in the psychological aspect to reveal its genesis, to understand the behavior of people who stutter in the process of communication, to identify their individual psychological characteristics. Research methods. The research methods were the method of observation and the empirical study of patients. The place of organizing the empirical stage of our research was the psychiatric hospital № 1 in Kyiv. With the help of clinical, pathopsychological and anamnestic methods 86 children at the age 3-12 years old (the average age is 8 ± 0.5 years old) with logoneurosis in anamnesis were diagnosed. The results of the research. The pathogenesis of stuttering is studied and those who stuttered are noted to have various autonomic changes. 84% of people who stuttered are considered to have autonomic dystonia. Among 98% of people who suffered from logoneurosis, 20% had a high intracranial pressure and extrapyramidal disorders. It is studied that those people who stuttered were born with vasoneurotics. It was quite objectively showed a change in the neurovegetative response in those ones who stuttered during seizures: in 100% of cases there was dilation of the pupils (mydriasis), while in a case of people who spoke correctly, the width of the pupils during speech did not change or there was some narrowing (miosis). Conclusions. The reasons of logoneurosis are: neuropathic burden of parents (nervous, infectious and somatic diseases that weaken or disrupt the functions of the central nervous system); neuropathic features of a stuttering person (night terrors, enuresis, irritability, emotional tension); constitutional predisposition (diseases of the autonomic nervous system and increased susceptibility to higher nervous activity, its special predisposition to mental trauma); hereditary burden; brain damage in different periods of the personal development.

The objectives of our article are: 1) to study the characteristics of disorders of psychomotor function and psycho-emotional state of patients with ischemic stroke according to the initial examination; 2) to develop the method of physical rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke at the inpatient stage of rehabilitation, depending on the severity of psychomotor functions and features of the psycho-emotional state; 3) to propose psychological principles of the formation of general compensatory reactions of the patient with ischemic stroke in a case of physical rehabilitation. Research methods. There were used psychological and pedagogical research methods: the analysis of literature sources, the method of psychological and pedagogical observation, psychological and pedagogical experiment, providing the research of psycho-emotional state (M. Lucher's test is used (Lucher,2012)), determination of motor activity on the "Scale of psychomotor activity" by L.S. Rohovyk (Роговик, 2013). For our research we proposed "The author's methodology of measuring the amount of active movements in the joints of the patient's limbs" (Харченко & Михальчук, 2022a) and "Six-point scale for assessing muscle strength in the joints of the patient's limbs" (Харченко & Михальчук, 2022b). The results of the research. Patients showed increased tone in the flexion of the ankle joint and extension of the hip and knee joints. In other muscle groups, the tone was not increased, and in the upper extremities there was a decrease in muscle tone. Muscle strength was statistically significant (p

The objectives of our article are: to show the essence of communicative learning techniques, according to which the learning process is a model of communication process; to achieve communicative activity of pupils by the way of providing some laws; to describe the definition of the term «communicative competence»; to describe four components that make up the communicative competence (grammatical competence, sociolinguistic competence, the competence of the statement, the competence of a speech strategy); to show the methods of studying foreign languages according to the Communicative Approach in Contemporary English Language Methodology; to describe some important auto-suggestive methods of teaching English which are Phonetic teaching strategies and auto-suggestive phonological ways of teaching English senior pupils. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. The results of the research. In the senior classes there is an actualization (accentuation) of pupils’ knowledge in determining their choice of their own educational path. A reflexive component of schoolchildren’s facilitative interaction is of great importance. In this case, the principle of dialogic reflection, based on the analysis of things, objects or phenomena from different points of view, sometimes is opposite and completely incompatible, becomes especially important. This principle is considered by us as a principle of additionality, and therefore strengthening (intensification) of auto-suggestive interaction of pupils at school should be based not on antagonism of internal and external dialogues, but on their combination, which emphasizes the importance of modeling dialogue, dialogic interaction, dialogic influence and dialogic culture. Conclusions. Thus, we’d like to analyze the psychoanalytic and cultural-historical determinants of the organization of the educational process in secondary education through auto-suggestive interaction. We believe that auto-suggestive interaction is based on the principles of unconscious content, when the frames or scripts that are updated, are not actually realized by the individual. According to this, all the experience is concentrated in the collective unconscious items. This experience is accumulated by mankind throughout the history of its existence, and this experience can not be leveled, but it can only be pushed into the realm of the unconscious. It is in the unconscious content of ancient peoples – the myths – you can see a large number of plots that give the Child a special purpose: he/she plays the role of the Messiah, for him/her there are subjects with the most secret knowledge. Thus, it becomes largely understandable such amazing knowledge that the child in a young age and does not try to master. Thus, we’ve to note that children’s speech is characterized by a large degree of egocentrism, when the child does not care about the partners of communication, that is does not try to be understood by others and only speaks for himself/ herself – his/her speech is purely monologue. In addition, the child’s speech is not fully socialized, self-directed, and it is based not only on the syncretism of reasoning, which is closely related to the syncretism of understanding. The child, given some clear words of the partner of communication, creates some image of the topic, sometimes it is wrong, because the words are not always logically related, and on the basis of this holistic scheme for himself/herself masters new material, trying to explain it by analogy with certain, well-known things. As a result, the child, becoming an adult, increasingly becomes involved into the public life, his/her speech becomes universal that is it loses its internal orientation, moving to a form of purely external speech.

The objectives of our article are: to study the characteristics of disorders of psychomotor function and psycho-emotional state of patients with ischemic stroke according to the initial examination; to develop a method of physical rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke at the inpatient stage of rehabilitation, depending on the severity of psychomotor functions and features of the psycho-emotional state; in a psychological and pedagogical experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method of physical rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke at the inpatient stage of rehabilitation. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. Also in our research we used empirical methods, such as the observation, the interview, the questionnaire, the method of psychological observation, psychological and medical experiment, testing (M. Lucher’s test is used). The results of the research. It was developed a «Functional methodology for the restoration of motor function of patients with ischemic stroke, taking into account their psycho-physiological features», based on the psychological principles of stepwise, sequencing and complexity, as well as on the maximum and adequate psychological impact of the rehabilitation therapist on the patient. Also we proposed the «Functional methodology of physical rehabilitation in the early period of ischemic stroke». The main provisions of this methodology are: 1. The stabilization of the psycho-emotional state of the patient: reducing the level of anxiety, increasing motivation to exercise in the course of physical rehabilitation. 2. The actualization of stable static and dynamic stereotypes of the patient in all initial positions – from horizontal to vertical ones, using the influence of simple, eye-motor, tonic (labyrinthine tonic reflexes, symmetrical cervical tonic reflex, cervical asymmetric tonic reflex, etc.). Restoration and maintenance of stress resistance of patients is provided by symmetrical maintenance of a projection of the general center of gravity on a basic surface in such initial positions in which normal proper afferentation of joints and muscles will be stimulated. These are the positions that the human body consistently takes in the process of verticalization: a supine position on the back; a lying position on the side (right and left); a supine position; a standing position on the knees; a standing position on the knees (with additional vertical support and without such a support); a standing position (with additional vertical support and without such a support). It was proved that the starting position became a directly activated position with a torso extension, which had the aim to support all muscle groups of the patient, provided by the stimulation of a successive chain of muscle contractions directed from the center to the periphery of the body. The symmetry of maintaining the initial position of the patient during the lesson is constantly adjusted (passively or actively) in order to stimulate proper afferentation. Conclusions. The main directions of psychotherapy and psycho-correction of patients who suffered from ischemic stroke are: the assistance in the process of understanding the patients, his / her basic needs, motives, instructions, relationships; his / her internal conflicts and mechanisms of psychological protection; features of his / her behavior and emotional response, their adequacy and realism; the correction of patients’ instructions; the assistance in formulating and securing adequate forms of patients’ behavior based on personal achievements in the cognitive, motivational, and emotional spheres; the promotion of positive motivation for recovery and increased activity in treatment at the behavioral level. During the classes according to the proposed methodology, we have the aim to achieve the stabilization of a psycho-emotional state of the patient through the correction of his / her cognitive processes that motivate the patient to actions which generally affect the effectiveness of all rehabilitation measures.

The purpose of the research is to study the state of the problem of the usage of psychoactive substances in the institutions of primary health care of Ukraine and in other countries all over the world. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. Also in our research we used empirical methods, such as the observation, the interview, a questionnaire, testing, the method of expert assessments. The results of the research. The urgency of the provision of comprehensive primary health care to those who use psychoactive substances is in line with the strategic task of preserving and improving the health of Ukrainian citizens. The problem of the usage of psychoactive substances among the population of different countries, in particular in Ukraine, is one of the most important medical and social issues of nowadays. At the beginning of 2016, 1.7 million of people in Ukraine who were in need of psychiatric and narcological care had been registered in the health care system. It is almost 4% of the total population of the country. In the structure of mental disorders in 2015, the most common mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of psychoactive substances (alcohol, narcotic substances), representing 58.41% of all reported cases. There were 8.9% of health disorders which are related to stress, neurotic and somatoform disorders, there were 1.8% mood disorders. Among persons with a pathology of the psyche and behavior there were registered in 2015, there had been 62.7% of people of working age. In 2020 there were 1.9 million of people in Ukraine who were in need of psychiatric and narcological care had been registered in the health care system. There were 10.1% of health disorders which are related to stress, neurotic and somatoform disorders, there were 2.3% mood disorders. Our own researches data for 2020 also indicate a high level of PS usage among young people: on average, 86.1% of pupils used any alcohol drink at least once in their lives. In the age of 17 this figure is 79.4%, and at 16–17 years old it is approaching 88%. Conclusions. We explain these results having been obtained by us by COVID-19 pandemic in the whole world. In Ukraine people began to use more psychoactive substances. Let’s try to explain this logic with the help of psychological frames. It should be noted that the rich phenomenology of ecopsychological expeditions and the small number of scientific researches of the mental state of individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic allowed us to identify some phenomena of Environmental Psychology categorically and, for the first time, although to determine well-known scientific concepts which have been used. It should be noted at once that under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic human behavior acquires a sufficiently explicit eco-attribution. Eco-attribution (from the Greek oikos – the environment and from Latin – attribuo – to give, to provide) is a lifestyle that provides the primary importance of the environment, the natural expediency of caring for nature, a kind of harmony of a man and a nature, as well as the world around us. Eco-attribution or eco-attributive behavior presupposes the understanding not only of well-balanced harmonizations in the space of nature, but also in the living environment in general, as well as adequate inclusion of human activity in the environment, performance of its activities, on the one hand, in accordance with the laws of nature taking into account the conditions of existence in the society, taking into account the pandemic COVID-19 and working out its own style of the behavior, which is natural and viable under such conditions. Eco-attributive behavior and the activity involve the search for adequate forms and principles, especially for biological adaptation and protection in changes of living conditions. As we predicted, the characteristic features of eco-psychological stress, manifested in the person’s desire to change the situation, significantly changes the very behavior and activities of people. Personal content, which is now formed in the case of absence of practical experience and practical skills of adaptation to such experiences and actions, forms, as it turned out, not flexible behavior. The basis of such behavior was rigid, torpedo mental states, pandemic or «covid» accentuations, anxiety and fear.

Забезпечення якості програмного забезпечення (ПЗ) є невід'ємною частиною процесу його розроблення. Першочерговим завданням забезпечення якості ПЗ є його оцінювання. Відомий підхід до оцінювання якості ПЗ заснований на засіві відповідних дефектів. Використання такого підходу, з одного боку, зумовлено наявністю в міжнародних стандартах вимог до його застосування у критичних інформаційних системах, а з іншого – практикою компаній-розробників ПЗ, які приймають рішення про потребу застосування методу засіву дефектів, тому часто його використовують. В обох випадках передбачається наявність додаткових ресурсів, якими повинна володіти компанія-розробник ПЗ. У роботі запропоновано модель для оцінювання доцільності застосування методу засіву дефектів ПЗ і модель життєвого циклу профілю дефектів ПЗ. Модель для оцінювання доцільності застосування методу засіву дефектів ПЗ містить такі елементи: константа необхідності розрахунку доцільності оцінювання якості ПЗ, автоматизація етапу, обсяг об'єкта оцінювання, обсяг дефектів, що засіваються. Профіль дефектів ПЗ подано таксономією і множинами дефектів ПЗ, які відповідають їх таксономічним типам. Розглянуто таксономію типів дефектів у вигляді ієрархічної та фасетної структур. У межах зазначеного життєвого циклу профіль дефектів ПЗ, як правило, модифікується у вигляді таких типів профілів: прогнозований профіль, профіль дефектів, що засіваються, профіль всіх виявлених дефектів при тестуванні після засіву, профіль нових виявлених при тестуванні (на додаток до засіяних) дефектів, профіль виявлених засіяних дефектів і профіль невиявлених засіяних дефектів. Під час оцінювання якості ПЗ сформовані типи профілів його дефектів аналізують, обчислюють метрики і на підставі оцінок отриманих неув'язок приймається рішення про рівень якості ПЗ. Усі неув'язки дефектів профілів подано поєднанням таких типів профілів дефектів ПЗ: профіль дефектів, що засіваються, профілі усіх виявлених дефектів та відповідної таксономії типів дефектів.

COVID-19 pandemic is recognized as a present day major public health burden. Risk factors for developing a more severe course of COVID-19 include increased levels of C-reactive protein and D-dimer. Pulmonary embolism (PE) is challenging in patients with COVID-19. The purpose: to analyze clinical and paraclinical manifestations of PE in patients with COVID-19 in order to develop a system for its early diagnosis, prediction of complications, prevention and treatment. 52 patients aged 28 - 81 y.o. with a diagnosis "Acute respiratory disease COVID-19" have been examined during 2020-2021. (98.08±1.9)% of PE patients had a history of one or more comorbidities, including obesity (80.77%), coronary heart disease (96.15%), hypertension (98.08%), peripheral arteries (92.3%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (48.08%). Evaluation of laboratory parameters revealed increasing lymphocytopenia, leukocytosis, neutrophilia, thrombocytopenia (p

The work involved a molecular biological technique (ISSR-PCR) using ISSR-primer S-2, with structure (AGC) 6G. Changes in the gastric mucosa in chronic duodenal ulcer disease against the background of severe chronic atrophic gastritis have been analyzed. Noteworthy is the fact that there is a strong correlation between the degree of dysplasia of the epithelium of the gastric mucosa and the mitotic index, the Pearson's correlation coefficient rxy was 0.853, respectively. A strong and very strong correlation relationship between the indicators of the degree of dysplasia of the epithelium of the gastric mucosa by phenotypic characteristics and indicators of DNA typing of samples of the gastric mucosa, the Pearson's correlation coefficient rxy was 0.863, respectively. DNA profiles of the gastric mucosa of patients with duodenal ulcer according to the results of typing by the ISSR-PCR method ranging from 520 to 620 bp. had the character of microsatellite expansions and differed from the profile of the norm, which is evidence of precancerous changes.

На сучасному етапі розвитку науки для технологічних і техногенних енергоактивних систем вироблено системні методи ідентифікації структури, динаміки, оцінення ризику, тоді як для просторових об'єктів цю проблему повною мірою не вирішено. Це стосується будівництва та експлуатації таких об'єктів з просторово розподіленою структурою, як мости, великі павільйони, висотні будинки, агрегатні лінії на спільному фундаменті для кольорового друку, які піддаються великим динамічним неоднорідним за потужністю навантаженням, що діють упродовж тривалого часу експлуатації. Їх руйнація при сукупній дії динамічних і статичних неоднорідних потокових у часі чинників великої енергетичної потужності, призводить до аварій і людських втрат. Основний чинник, який призводить до когнітивних помилок у проектуванні просторових конструкцій, є те, що фахівці у процесі розроблення проекту не до кінця враховують поняття фізичної сили, енергії потужності та фізичної енергії чинників з потоковою випадковою структурою. На цей аспект проблеми динамічної стійкості конструкції за дії чинників із стохастичною структурою звернув увагу Я. П. Драган, ввівши поняття "стохастичного процесу скінченої енергії" і "скінченої потужності потоків (послідовностей) активних фізичних силових дій". За певних умов комплексна дія силових чинників призводить до виникнення солітонів, тобто формування піку енергії та потужності у певний момент часу у найслабшому вузлі конструкції, що її руйнує. Якщо проектант, через свої когнітивні здібності і рівень знань, не враховує енергетичну сутність чинників як руйнівних сил, тоді це призводить до руйнування інфраструктурних об'єктів (міст у Генуї (Італія 2018 р.)), збудований у 1967 р., Китай 2019 р.), руйнівних повеней, пожарів, транспортних катастроф, цунамі. Щодо мостів з металоконструкцій у США (Нью-Йорк), побудованих з урахуванням методів вібраційних розрахунків С. Тимошенко, то вони експлуатуються понад 100 років, за відповідного технічного обслуговування. Оцінка вібраційної стійкості просторових конструкцій, як наявних, так і нових проектів, залишається складною проблемою створення систем контролю і діагностики, не вирішеною повною мірою, і тому розроблення інтегрованих інтелектуальних методів проектування систем контролю методом дистанційного лазерного зондування є актуальною. Інтенсивний розвиток як соціальної, так і техногенної інфраструктури призводить, внаслідок дії транспортних потоків, електростанцій, виробництв з шкідливими викидами, до росту силового екологічного навантаження на просторові конструкції, корозію металевих складників, росту вібраційних впливів на елементи об'єктів. Подальший розвиток таких негативних процесів призводить до зменшення міцності конструкцій, їхньої стійкості, експлуатаційної надійності та руйнування. Зниження якості несучих конструкцій, через невраховані негативні впливи, унеможливлює прогноз моменту настання аварійних ситуацій. Відповідно, розроблення методів дистанційного контролю вібрацій просторових елементів несучих конструкцій є для різних галузей актуальною проблемою.

Розглянуто основні недоліки діючих у країні віків стиглості деревостанів лісових порід за лісівничими та економічними критеріями. Проведено порівняння діючих та проектних віків стиглості деревостанів основних лісотвірних порід за природними зонами та категоріями лісів. Для встановлення віків стиглості деревостанів та відповідно віків головних рубок необхідне комплексне використання кількісних і вартісних (грошових) показників. Наведено методику економічної оцінки запасів деревостанів за віками стиглості. Визначено показники загальних запасів деревостанів та їх розподілу за розмірно-якісними категоріями деревини в конкретному віці стиглості. Розраховано площі та проведено грошову оцінку запасів деревини сосни звичайної і дуба звичайного за проектними та діючими віками стиглості на період 2010-2040 рр. на прикладі лісогосподарських підприємств Чернігівського та Харківського ОУЛМГ. Здійснено порівняння вартісних показників запасів деревостанів сосни та дуба у віці стиглості. Встановлено, що підвищення віків стиглості та віків рубок призводить до тимчасового зменшення площі стиглих деревостанів та вартості запасів деревини. Проте з часом спостерігається їх збільшення. Доведено доцільність застосування проектних віків стиглості для зазначених головних деревних порід за категоріями лісів і природними зонами (Полісся, Лісостеп та Степ) в розглянутих регіонах.

Сучасний прискорений розвиток техногенних виробничих структур призвів до росту концентрації шкідливих викидів та їх об'єму в екосередовище (ґрунт, воду, атмосферу), зріс рівень забруднення сіл, міст, цілих регіонів. Ускладнення технологічних процесів, ріст виробничих потужностей теплових електростанцій, транспорту, нафтогазової промисловості, у структуру яких входять енергоактивні об'єкти, ускладнив процеси управління, що призвело до зниження в певних галузях рівня безпеки їх функціонування та підвищило ризики аварій та катастроф. При цьому рівень ризиків аварій і техногенних катастроф залежить від багатьох факторів і компонент надійності систем: надійність і якість проектів техногенних систем, моделей і алгоритмів функціонування; якість конструкцій, агрегатів, комплектуючих, способу їх монтажу; відповідність побудованих структур до проектних вимог, методів їх налагодження та випробування для введення в експлуатацію; якість стратегій, алгоритмів опрацювання даних та прийняття управлінських рішень; якість підготовки (інженерної, знаннєвої, практичної…) виробничого й адміністративного персоналу, а також їхніх позитивних і негативних ознак; підготовка ресурсів для виконання виробничого процесу та їх якості; здатність протистояти ресурсним та інформаційним атакам на техногенну систему; здатність протистояти інформаційним та ментально-психологічним атакам на оперативно-керуючий персонал при прийнятті управлінських рішень. Усі ці аспекти оцінки ризиків мають як стратегічний, так й ігровий характер і визначають динаміку процесів у техногенних системах, а також рівень і характер впливу на екологічне середовище. Для вирішення цієї проблеми виділено, розв'язано та розроблено такі задачі та методи: визначено та оцінено актуальність проблеми мінімізації ризиків техногенних систем на екологічне середовище; проаналізовано літературні джерела, в яких розглядають цю проблему; сформульовано мету дослідження та методи розв'язання задач; проаналізовано причини і фактори виникнення конфліктних ситуацій як технічного, так й інформаційного характеру; проаналізовано і побудовано ігрові моделі стратегій управління; розроблено метод розв'язання конфліктів у техногенних системах; розроблено метод структуризації системи та її агрегації; розглянуто системну гру та спосіб її представлення; побудовано загальну схему взаємодії техногенних систем, які формують шкідливі викиди, з екологічним та соціальним середовищем, як основу вироблення координаційних стратегій екозахисту та технології глибинного перероблення відходів; виявлено нові техногенні характеристики та їхній характер і вплив на екологічне середовище.

У статті визначено організаційний механізм державного регулювання сталого розвитку аграрного сектору економіки України, з урахуванням таких ключових елементів, як: об’єкт, предмет, суб’єкти, ціль, завдання, принципи, функції, результативність функціонування. Досліджено багатовекторність та комплексність елементів організаційного механізму державного регулювання сталого розвитку аграрного сектору економіки України, окреслено його цільову спрямованість, встановлено етапи та складові елементи проведення оцінки його результативності. Обґрунтовано методичний підхід до оцінки результативності організаційного механізму державного регулювання сталого розвитку аграрного сектору економіки України, котрий передбачає проведення ґрунтовної оцінки в розрізі наступних складників: аналіз стану законодавчого забезпечення детермінант механізму державного регулювання: економічна політика, аграрний сектор, концепція сталого розвитку; оцінка взаємодії між суб'єктами та об'єктом механізму державного регулювання; аналіз результативності заходів державного регулювання сталого розвитку аграрного сектор; визначення та оцінка індикаторів якості діючого механізму державного регулювання сталого розвитку аграрного сектору в розрізі концептуальних складових: економічної, соціальної, екологічної. Перевагами методичного підходу є комплексний характер, котрий безпосередньо формується за умови проведення оцінки нормативно-правового механізму та фінансово-економічного механізму, дозволяє визначити коло проблемних питань та обґрунтувати заходи, котрі забезпечать підвищення результативності його функціонування.

Встановлено, що сучасний пришвидшений розвиток техногенних виробничих структур призвів до росту концентрації шкідливих викидів та їх об'єму в екосередовище (ґрунт, воду, атмосферу), зріс рівень забруднення сіл, міст, цілих регіонів. Ускладнення технологічних процесів, ріст виробничих потужностей теплових електростанцій, транспорту, нафтогазовій промисловості, у структуру яких входять енергоактивні об'єкти, ускладнив процеси управління, що призвело до зниження в певних галузях рівня безпеки їх функціонування та підвищило ризики аварій та катастроф. При цьому рівень ризиків аварій і техногенних катастроф залежить від багатьох факторів і компонент надійності систем: надійність і якість проектів техногенних систем, моделей і алгоритмів функціонування; якість конструкцій, агрегатів, комплектуючих, способу їх монтажу; відповідність побудованих структур до проектних вимог, методів їх налагодження та випробування для введення в експлуатацію; якість стратегій, алгоритмів опрацювання даних та прийняття управлінських рішень; якість підготовки (інженерної, знаннєвої, практичної тощо) виробничого й адміністративного персоналу, а також їхніх позитивних і негативних рис; підготовка ресурсів для виконання виробничого процесу та їх якості; здатність протистояти ресурсним та інформаційним атакам на техногенну систему; здатність протистояти інформаційним та ментально-психологічним атакам на оперативно-керуючий персонал при прийнятті управлінських рішень. Усі ці аспекти оцінки ризиків мають як стратегічний, так й ігровий характер і визначають динаміку процесів у техногенних системах, а також рівень і характер впливу на екологічне середовище. Для вирішення цієї проблеми виділено, розв'язано та розроблено такі задачі та методи: визначено та оцінено актуальність проблеми мінімізації ризиків техногенних систем на екологічне середовище; проаналізовано літературні джерела, в яких розглядають цю проблему; сформульовано мету дослідження та методи розв'язання задач; проаналізовано причини і фактори виникнення конфліктних ситуацій як технічного, так й інформаційного характеру; проаналізовано й побудовано ігрові моделі стратегій управління; розроблено метод вирішення конфліктів у техногенних системах; розроблено метод структуризації системи та її агрегації; розглянуто системну гру та спосіб її представлення; побудовано загальну схему взаємодії техногенних систем, які формують шкідливі викиди, з екологічним та соціальним середовищем, як основу вироблення координаційних стратегій екозахисту та технології глибинного перероблення відходів; виявлено нові техногенні характеристики та їхній характер і вплив на екологічне середовище.

Підприємства лісового господарства зазнають впливу не лише соціально-економічних, а й природно-кліматичних чинників. На сьогодні актуальним питанням для підприємств лісової галузі України є визначення нормативних (оптимальних) організаційно-економічних параметрів їх діяльності за регіонами та їх уповільнення до реальних економічних умов функціонування. Розглянуто методичний підхід до визначення за регіонами модельних лісогосподарських підприємств (лідерів). Запропонована методика спирається на сценарний підхід у методології управління господарською діяльністю підприємств галузі та використовує методи міжгосподарського порівняльного аналізу. Прогнозування параметрів діяльності лісогосподарських підприємств за регіонами здійснюється за достовірними багатофакторними моделями з шістьма групами найвагоміших факторів впливу. Запропоновані оптимальні багатофакторні моделі організаційно-економічної діяльності лісогосподарських підприємств містять такі параметри: ресурсно-виробничого потенціалу (потужності), еколого-економічної (лісівничо-екологічної та економічної складових) та соціально-економічної ефективності (соціальної значущості для власних працівників та економіки регіону) за шістьма групами критеріїв. Запропонований методичний підхід апробовано на лісогосподарських підприємствах чотирьох областей України (Вінницької, Сумської, Харківської та Чернігівської).

Aim: To define and reveal the content, specificity and peculiarities of rehabilitation services in Ukraine. Materials and Methods: Analysis and generalization of literary sources and Internet data on the implementation of rehabilitation services, systematic analysis and synthesis. Conclusions: After analyzing literary sources and Internet data, we found that rehabilitation services are a set of measures aimed at the functional restoration of a person and his impaired state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The main topic of this article is to examine Chinese urban legends - a fi eld that is left unexplored in the European science. The author chooses to narrow the fi eld of study only to ghost tales of Taiwan and Hong Kong, because of the limitation of space. There are two main categories of ghost legends: folklore about means of transportation (starting from car folklore and the famous The Vanishing Hitchhiker trope, but also the tales of haunted metro stations), and stories about the girl in red. Each category is represented by various tales and its many variations, as urban legends are rarely told the same way twice. In the article, the author proceeds to prove that urban legends are closely related to earlier Chinese folktales, especially the character in red. There are also many motives that seem to be common for the whole Asian culture, which tends to also have the custom of Ghost Month in common, which does not seem to be a coincidence in this case. The article closes on the note that seemingly popular Chinese ghost legends are perhaps an expression of nostalgia, or even suggest some sort of preserved continuity in Chinese folklore and traditional beliefs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization & Management / Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Slaskiej. Seria Organizacji i Zarzadzanie is the property of Silesian Technical University, Organisation & Management Faculty and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Przegląd Elektrotechniczny is the property of Przeglad Elektrotechniczny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)