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Copyright of Management & Business Administration. Central Europe is the property of Management & Business Administration, Central Europe and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Prace Geograficzne is the property of Jagiellonian University, Institute of Geography & Spatial Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Management Sciences / Nauki o Zarzadzaniu is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Research Papers of the Wroclaw University of Economics / Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wroclawiu is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science, Nature, Technologies / Nauka, Przyroda, Technologie is the property of Science Nature Technologies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Prace Geograficzne is the property of Jagiellonian University, Institute of Geography & Spatial Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Polish Geographical Review / Przegląd Geograficzny is the property of Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Polish Geographical Review / Przegląd Geograficzny is the property of Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Postępy Nauki i Technologii Przemysłu Rolno-Spożywczego is the property of Institute of Agricultural & Food Biotechnology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Prace Geograficzne is the property of Jagiellonian University, Institute of Geography & Spatial Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of the article is to show the scale and extent of the extermination of Polish society, which was a component of the national policy of the Third Reich in the first months of the Second World War. It is a quantitative presentation of the phenomenon of a crime which included arrests, interrogations, the use of physical and mental coercion, shootings and executions. The extermination activities against the Polish nation continued throughout the entire period of the war. The Terror of the Third Reich covered the areas of Gdańsk Pomerania, Greater Poland, Upper Silesia, and central Poland. As part of the policy of exterminating the Polish nation, at the beginning of the war, the Third Reich began the so-called "Action Intelligentsia" (Intelligenzaktion) and AB (Ausserordentliche Befriedungsaktion) which was formally named Extraordinary Pacification Action. In the occupied areas, various German formations (Selbstschutz, Einsatzgruppen SS) committed mass, planned crimes against the Polish elite, intelligentsia, teachers, clergy, local government officials and state officials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Research Papers of the Wroclaw University of Economics / Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wroclawiu is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Opera Corcontica is the property of Sprava Krkonosskeho Narodniho Parku and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, Sectio F: Historia is the property of Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The early medieval settlement in Trójca near Zawichost is located in the vicinity of a ford on the Vistula River, at the intersection of communication routes connecting Eastern Europe - through Poland - with Western Europe and the Baltic coast with the Danube Basin. In the years 2020-2021, several thousand artefacts, dated mainly to the 11th and 12th centuries (including two hoards of silver items, hundreds of single coins, adornments, devotional articles, weights, lead ducal seals) were discovered during systematic research conducted with metal detectors. Other discovered items include a number of militaria and parts of cavalry equipment (sword pommels, axe heads, arrowheads, spurs, and stirrups). It is possible that the earliest of them come from as early as the 10th century, whereas the latest artefacts should be dated to the High Middle Ages. Some of the militaria - especially the arrowheads - can be tentatively associated with the battle of Zawichost that took place in 1205. The early medieval settlement in Trójca near Zawichost is located in the vicinity of one of the most convenient fords on the Vistula, at the intersection of medieval routes connecting Eastern Europe - through Poland - with Western Europe and the Baltic coast with the Danube Basin. It was often thought that its position had been of great importance, not only because of trade, but also due to raids on Lesser and Central Poland from the east, as well as to Polish military expeditions to Ruthenia. It was also believed that in Trójca there had been a castle - predecessor of the castellan s stronghold in Zawichost - ' guarding the ford. Previously, the assumptions concerning the special importance of Trójca in the Early Middle Ages were not corroborated by archaeological sources. This state of affairs changed with systematic research - employing metal detectors - conducted there in the years 2020-2021. It resulted in the discovery of several thousand artefacts, mainly from the 11th and 12th centuries (including two silver hoards, hundreds of single coins, adornments, devotional articles, weights, lead ducal seals) as well as a number of militaria and parts of cavalry equipment (two sword pommels, metal axe heads, arrowheads, spurs and stirrups). It is possible that the earliest of them come from as early as the 10th century, whereas the latest artefacts should be dated to the High Middle Ages. Some of the militaria (arrowheads with tangs, one of the stirrups) are evidently of eastern origin and possibly attest to foreign raids. Certain artefacts - especially arrowheads - can be tentatively associated with the battle of Zawichost that was fought in 1205 between the Polish chivalry of the Sandomierz Land and Mazovia on one side and an army led by Roman Duke of Halych (who died during this clash) on the other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annales UMCS, Sectio K (Politologia) is the property of Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Geographica Lodziensia is the property of Lodz Scientific Society / Lodzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Polish Geographical Review / Przegląd Geograficzny is the property of Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Soil Science Annual is the property of Polish Society of Soil Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ethos (0860-8024) is the property of John Paul II Institute, Faculty of Philosophy, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Public Management / Zarządzanie Publiczne is the property of Jagiellonian University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Formatio Circumiectus is the property of Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rolniczego im. Hugona Kollataja w Krakowie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The author of the article aims at reconstructing the criminal sociolect of the North-Eastern Borderlands in 1918-1919, based on The Criminal Trilogy by Sergiusz Piasecki. The plot of the novels takes place in Minsk Litewski, which, at that time, was full of thieves from all regions of Poland. In the novels, Piasecki recreated the sociolect of thieves living in the North-Eastern Borderlands, using the authentic criminal lexis. The authenticity of this sociolect is confirmed both by the materials provided by Piasecki himself (preface, footnotes and vocabulary of thieves’ language) and by their comparison with other lexicographic scientific descriptions concerning criminal vocabulary from the first half of the twentieth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adam Mickiewicz's epic poem Pan Tadeusz, published in Paris in 1834, can be seen as an expression of a romantic culture of remembrance which emerged in Poland and Lithuania in the aftermath of a traumatic political event, the January Uprising of 1830-1831. This article discusses the poet's transformation of the devices and generic model of heroic epic for the double purpose of expressing a notion of historical time which holds out an open future for both the individual and the national community, and of promoting the acceptance of a complicated past through the resolution of its conflicts. Both in Poland and in Lithuania, Pan Tadeusz was regarded as a monumental tribute to the culture of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and a major influence on the modern national literatures in Lithuanian, Belarusian and Yiddish, sprouting on the territory of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Polish Geographical Review / Przegląd Geograficzny is the property of Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Polish Geographical Review / Przegląd Geograficzny is the property of Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Slowianskiej is the property of Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Slavic Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science, Nature, Technologies / Nauka, Przyroda, Technologie is the property of Science Nature Technologies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 2008, archaeological excavation was carried out in Ujście nad Notecią in the area of the stronghold and settlement beyond stronghold walls. As a result, cultural layers, wooden buildings and movable archaeological material have been discovered, which were preliminarily dated to the second half of the 10th -- the first half of the 16th century. The article is an introduction to further studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Science, Nature, Technologies / Nauka, Przyroda, Technologie is the property of Science Nature Technologies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Research Papers of the Wroclaw University of Economics / Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wroclawiu is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economics / Ekonomia is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Research Papers of the Wroclaw University of Economics / Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wroclawiu is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Research Papers of the Wroclaw University of Economics / Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wroclawiu is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Alongside with the dynamic increase of Polish interest in weekend leisure tourism, one can notice a growing concentration of tourist migrations to the regions that so far have been popular as holiday destinations. What is more, one can also observe, especially among the inhabitants of large cities, the intensification of their migrations during weekends to local leisure centers and facilities which in most cases are excellently equipped in recreational devices and equipment, and which often provide high standard services. Thus, the competitiveness of typical centers of weekend leisure, already functioning or just opened, in the vicinity of large cities, including Wrocław, seems to be considerably limited in comparison to their equivalents in the cities or in holiday regions. In the article, segmentation of the offer of the selected weekend leisure centers located in the nearest vicinity of Wrocław was made. The author has also made an attempt to define the profile of tourists enjoying the services provided by those centers and assessing these centers in terms of facilities and the range of tourism services and products. In order to carry out the research, the following methods were used: local stocktaking (for defining the segmentation of the recreation offer of the selected centers) and diagnostic poll (an interview with the tourists to find out their opinions on the facilities and variety of services and products). The results of the research show, amongst others: good conditions of the analyzed centers of suburban leisure centers, justified and constructive development of their services and products, its flexibility to meet the current and potential customers' requirements -- both for the inhabitants of the suburban zone and for tourists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the state of local tourism organizations (LOT) in Lower Silesia against the tourism system in Poland. It pointed to the current problems in the field of sustainability of organizational structures, such as lack of standard procedures in cooperation with the local community and business, limited financing possibilities due to the adopted ineffective fund-raising model, current human resources, and lack of strategic planning and objectives of local tourism policy. This picture of functioning and efficiency of the LOT in the region is a reflection of the situation of other LOTs in Poland, which results from the adopted, but not fully implemented, model of the 3-step system of tourism promotion called POT-ROT-LOT. The author presents his idea of creating a paradigm shift and transforming LOTs to increase the efficiency of tourism promotion through building local structures in counties and around major urban areas, maintaining the status quo of legal norms of the organization but developing the internal governance structure and adapting it today competitive market, gradually transforming LOT so as to make it match the Destination Management Company model and non-institutional types of organizations, making legal modifications to the statutes, and introducing incentives such as loyalty programs, setting short- and long-term statutory and economic goals, building financial stability through diversification of income sources, and developing the idea of partnerships with other LOTs and ensuring the full representation of the local business and tourism industry in the organization's structure, as a guarantee of sustainable tourism development, reduction in competitiveness (conflicts of interests) and the negative impact of the local community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Science, Nature, Technologies / Nauka, Przyroda, Technologie is the property of Science Nature Technologies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science, Nature, Technologies / Nauka, Przyroda, Technologie is the property of Science Nature Technologies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Research Papers of the Wroclaw University of Economics / Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wroclawiu is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science, Nature, Technologies / Nauka, Przyroda, Technologie is the property of Science Nature Technologies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science, Nature, Technologies / Nauka, Przyroda, Technologie is the property of Science Nature Technologies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article focuses on Konstanty Brandel, a Polish painter and graphic artist who lived in Paris, France from 1903. The author presents new materials that should both improve and expand upon the research of Brandel and his work. The first part of the article presents proposals that the author made for more accurately dating his works, presented in the 2005 catalog of graphic works by Brandel and preserved in the Emigration Archives of Toruń University Library. Seventeen works are noted in an annex at the end of the piece, whose dating the author deems suspect. In the second part of the article, the place Brandel's creative work occupies in European art is discussed. Special attention is given to German Expressionism, an area ignored by scholars, but one the author deems worthy of greater future study.

The article presents a sociological and ethnographic exploration into the concept of "communitas," as proposed by social scientist Victor Turner, and its utility in analyzing the phenomena of religiosity. The cultural traditions of Assumption Day in Kalwaria Pacławska, Poland regarding pilgrimage and church fairs are then analyzed through this conceptual lens. Examples of existential and normative communitas are illustrated and discussed. Further comments are given seeking to integrate the concepts of communitas with individual aspects of religious experience.

The article compares Lithuanian and Polish literature describing World War II events essential for the Lithuanians and the Poles. Comparison is the tool to reveal changes in the description of war events in different literary trends from socialistic realism to modern literature. Analysis deals with fiction text as well as historical memoirs in the context of historical literature. The author of the article concentrates on two historical moments: the influence of World War II events over Lithuanian and Polish statehood and the fate of Vilnius citizens in the first years of the war. The works under analysis prove that such small countries as Lithuania and Poland when found themselves under the influence of Soviet Union did not have any protector in the international arena. At the beginning of the war Vilnius was returned to Lithuania. However, soon Lithuania was incorporated into Soviet Union, and then repressions in Vilnius began. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The aim of the study was to assess knowledge about rare diseases among citizens of Szczecin (Poland)., Material and Methods: The study was performed by questioning 242 adult customers of Turzyn Shopping Centre in Szczecin (149 females and 93 males). The survey was conducted in the shopping mall on 23 February 2013 (control group) and during the celebration of Rare Disease Day and the 12th Polish Nationwide Cystic Fibrosis Week ("Dolina Mukolinków") on 2 March 2013 (research group). The research tool was a questionnaire devised by the authors and filled out by the writing authors interviewer's answers., Results: In the study group more people knew about the existence of Rare Disease Day than in the control group (86.02% vs 57.72%, chi-square test χ2 > χ2(1); 0.001, p < 0.001), but there was no significant difference between knowledge of when Rare Disease Day is celebrated. The definition of rare diseases compatible with the definition of the European Commission's Health and Consumer Protection was reported only in the control group by 4 people. Examples of rare diseases were reported by 74.19% of the respondents in the study group and by 65.10% in the control group (more than 130 diseases were mentioned altogether). Usually, respondents mentioned fewer examples than were asked about in the questionnaire. The aim of Rare Disease Day was accurately specified by 86.02% of persons in the study group and 87.92% in the control group. Rare Disease Day personally concerns 30.11% of respondents in the study group and 10.07% of persons in the control group (OR = 3.85, 95% CI 0.9-3.6, χ2 > χ2(1); 0.001, p < 0.001)., Conclusions: The respondents from the research group knew more about Rare Disease Day and defined the idea of it as closed in a significantly higher degree than the control group. There was no significant difference in the detailed knowledge about rare diseases in either group. This might indicate the need to educate society and patients, along with their families.