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Objectives: This paper presents the Polish version of the Body Image Self-Consciousness Scale (BISC-PL) originally developed by M.W. Wiederman., Methods: Psychometric properties of the BISC-PLwere examined in a sample of 169 young women aged 18-35 (M = 22.24; SD = 3.61) who self-identified as heterosexual. Measures of sexual self-esteem, heterosexual experience, body satisfaction, self-monitoring and other variables were administered along with the BISC-PL for validity testing., Results: Confirmatory factor analysis (with the use of WLSMV) proved the one-factor structure of the BISC-PL. Goodness of fit indices were: CFI =0.91; TLI =0.90; RMSEA=0.06; SRMR = 0.05. In most cases the tool confirmed its construct and discriminant validity with regard to the aforementioned variables. BISC-PLscores were predictive of sexual self-esteem and self-evaluation of oneself as a sexual partner, beyond effects due to body satisfaction and self-evaluated body attractiveness. The instrument was found to be a reliable (. = 0.96) and valid measure of body image self-consciousness during physical intimacy with a partner in studied women., Conclusions: Polish version of the BISC can be considered comparable to the original measure. The BISC-PLmay be recommended as a useful tool to complement Polish research and practise. Results are discussed with regard to limitations of the current research and implications for future studies.

Body image covers many aspects. One of them is the level of body dissatisfaction. The research on the connection between body satisfaction and psychosocial functioning provides disturbing conclusions, associating inter alia the incidence of eating disorders as well as anxiety and depression symptoms with increased body dissatisfaction. Body dissatisfaction and related negative consequences appear not only among adults but also among children and teenagers. In the case of the latter group, researchers are seeking answers to the questions as to when body dissatisfaction first appears, what the differences are in girls and boys concerning their body dissatisfaction as well as what factors affect the body image. The aim of this paper is to analyze how body dissatisfaction is formed in the course of the development of children and teenagers and what role selected factors play in this process. The paper especially focuses on the influence of parents' comments and the role of toys. Many researchers find these factors very important, while in Polish source literature they are rarely explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to its ego-syntonic nature, anorexia nervosa (AN) is considered one of the most difficult mental disorders to treat. Patients are often reluctant to accept treatment, while a large group of those who receive therapy have a poor prognosis. Unfortunately, despite suffering from physical and psychosocial impairment, patients with AN are often reluctant to receive any intervention whatsoever. Recent years have seen the development of many new treatment methods for eating disorders in general, and AN in particular. Therapy of anorexia nervosa requires a multidisciplinary approach based on the "cornerstone" of psychotherapy. Despite the growing body of studies and publications concerning psychological treatment of AN, there is still a dearth of high-quality randomized controlled trials which could serve as the basis for developing guidelines in this area.This paper offers a compendium of knowledge on treatment standards recommended for AN, as well as on psychotherapeutic paradigms and programs. Most of the therapies presented herein have been empirically proven effective. Therefore, the paper may facilitate the selection of the most appropriate treatment choices, whether in outpatient or inpatient settings.

Copyright of Paediatrics & Family Medicine / Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna is the property of Medical Communications Sp. z o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Psychiatry & Clinical Psychology / Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna is the property of Medical Communications Sp. z o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: The aim of the paper was to present the basic data about delusions of sex change and body dysmorphic disorder and describe two cases of patients with these symptoms and paranoid schizophrenia., Method: Analysis of the course of illness and medical documentation., Results: Coexisting of transsexualism and schizophrenia cause a lot of doubt. Moreover, delusions of sex change are probably more frequent than it is thought. It causes that in some cases the differential diagnosis of psychosis and gender identity disorders may be very difficult. Treatment of transsexuals is on one hand connected with expected effects but on the other hand with many serious, often irreversible health consequences. That is why the differential diagnosis of transsexualism and schizophrenia should be made carefully and thoughtfully. Body dysmorphic disorder can appear as nonpsychotic or psychotic disorder. The delusional variant can cause diagnostic and therapeutical problems as well as diagnostic mistakes. Sometimes people suffering from this disorder can be diagnosed as having schizophrenia. It usually takes place when psychotic symptoms, obsessions and compulsive activities connected with hiding of the imaginary look problem significantly distort everyday functioning., Conclusions: Rare, atypical psychopathological symptoms can coexist with schizophrenia. In this situation it is necessary to act carefully and precisely to make a proper diagnosis.

The paper reveals cultural and psychological concepts of self-harm. The authors tried to describe many, particular functions attached to self-mutilation activity, specially so-called 'normal' and 'pathological' functions. In the author's views there are no firm limits between these to the kinds of self-harm, because so-called 'normal' functions frequently co-occur with 'pathological' ones. From a therapeutic perspective it's beneficial to attempt to understand the subjective meaning of self-injury, what are the 'pathological' and 'normal' functions, how self-mutilations mirror the actual situation and history of the patient's development, what is the cultural context. In therapeutic intervention, the subjective attitude of the physician / psychiatrist / therapist is crucial, especially in the context of limiting negative aspects of coutertransference. These negative aspects can disturb the contact with patients by a high level of feelings of inefficacy, anger, withdrawal, intrusive interpretations, rejecting patients or limiting effective forms of interventions. The authors of the paper describe some aspects of self-injury such as tattooing, piercing, communication functions, role of traumatic experiences, psychoanalytical and cultural views.

Aim: The paper presents results of research concerning the differences in some aspects of self-image between female adolescents with anorexia nervosa (who meet criteria of DSM-IV) and their healthy peers., Method: Each group consisted of 30 individuals. They completed the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire for Adolescents (OSIQ). It is a self-descriptive personality test that can be used for measuring the adjustment of adolescents between the ages of thirteen and nineteen., Results: The study revealed some interesting differences between groups. They refer mainly to emotional aspects of their functioning., Conclusions: The basic conclusion is that self-image of anorectic girls is much more disturbed than of the healthy girls. Significant differences are presented and discussed according to the literature.

Aim: The paper presents results of research concerning the differences in self-esteem and their relations with self-image in female adolescents with anorexia nervosa (who meet criteria of DSM-IV) and their healthy peers., Method: Every group consisted of 30 individuals. They completed the Culture-Free Self-Esteem Inventory, which enables measuring the self-esteem in three aspects: general self-esteem, personal self-esteem and social self-esteem., Results: The study revealed lower self-esteem in girls suffering from anorexia nervosa than in the control group., Conclusions: Lower self-esteem of anorectic girls is connected with their emotions toward themselves and their social relations.

Copyright of Polish Journal of Sports Medicine / Medycyna Sportowa is the property of Agencja Wydawnicza Medsportpress Sp. z o. o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Polish Journal of Sports Medicine / Medycyna Sportowa is the property of Agencja Wydawnicza Medsportpress Sp. z o. o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Polish Journal of Sports Medicine / Medycyna Sportowa is the property of Agencja Wydawnicza Medsportpress Sp. z o. o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)