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The paper attempts to reconstruct the views on realism and its semantic content formulated by two novelists, namely Zygmunt Kaczkowski and Józef Ignacy Kraszewski. Their understanding of the realism in the discussed period--1850s and 1860s--is a conglomerate of several approaches to the various kinds of art (as it tells not only about literature, but also, presumably, first and foremost, about fine arts), as well as of discourses. What counts here is both the then literary-critical discourse, and the philosophical, economical, as well as political one. Ultimately, realism is viewed not as a variety of a literary presentation, but also as an attitude towards the world, art, politics, associated with liberalism and situated between Romanticism and naturalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Krystyna Pisarkowa’s rich output is characterised by a variety of forms and a wide range of topics, as well as an innovative interpretation of linguistic phenomena. The following paper can be described as biographical and substantive. The text contains certain facts from Pisarkowa’s life that are connected with certain spheres of her scientific activity in which she succeeded, references to people who played a significant role in her life, as well as development of her research interests. The publications which are mentioned in the paper have been selected according to Pisarkowa’s attitude to language, its essence, pragmatic-functional-stylistic variety, as well as potential context and purpose which lies beyond its typical usage. Moreover, an attempt has been made at reconstructing Pisarkowa’s views on the range, shape and place of linguistics among humanistic disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Prace Filologiczne. Literaturoznawstwo is the property of University of Warsaw and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Filozofia i Nauka is the property of Institute of Philosophy & Sociology of the Polish Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article focuses on the metaphorical conceptualisation of the #MeToo movement, which has spread virally as a hashtag used on social media in an attempt to demonstrate the widespread prevalence of sexual assault and harassment. The #MeToo movement as a social issue is looked at from the perspective of Critical Metaphor Analysis (CMA) (Charteris-Black 2005/2011, 2014, Musolff 2004, 2016, Koller 2014, De Landtsheer 2009, Hart 2010). CMA is a blend of Cognitive Metaphor Theory and Critical Discourse Analysis that aims at identifying how metaphors are used to describe socially contested issues and how they reveal speakers' hidden intentions and attitudes (Charteris-Black, 2014, p. 174). CMA is also concerned with the different functions metaphors may perform. A predicative function, being one of many, is most likely to explain how socially sensitive issues are communicated (Charteris-Black, 2014, pp. 204-207; Musolff, 2016, p. 4). In other words, it implies positive or negative attitudes expressed towards certain issues. Thus, the paper aims to study how the predicative function of metaphor manifests in the discourse of contemporary social concerns cross-linguistically and cross-culturally. In other words, the paper looks into how different attitudes towards the #MeToo movement are communicated via metaphors in Lithuanian and English media and how they shape prevailing public attitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Culture Context / Konteksty Kultury is the property of Jagiellonian University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annales UMCS, Sectio K (Politologia) is the property of Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper aims to provide an analysis of the question of violations of human rights during the last military dictatorship in Argentina (1976-1983) and the impact of this problem on bilateral relations with the United States. The article will focus mostly on the presidency of James "Jimmy" Earl Carter. The political line he adopted, known as "the Carter doctrine" or "human rights policy" was the basis of restrictive attitude towards the Argentine dictators. In order to provide a complete analysis, the topic of the paper was treated broadly, covering not only bilateral, American-Argentine issues, but also multilateral forms of exerting pressure on Argentina, mainly from the United Nations and Organization of American States. The article also provides an analysis of the human rights policy itself, as well as of the state terror introduced by the Argentine military, known as the "Dirty War". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ethos (0860-8024) is the property of John Paul II Institute, Faculty of Philosophy, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Research Papers of the Wroclaw University of Economics / Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wroclawiu is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Prace Geograficzne is the property of Jagiellonian University, Institute of Geography & Spatial Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper compares prescriptive recommendations contained in the linguistic feature articles published in Życie Warszawy in the period 1992-1997 with the state of the Polish language (as regards the usage and the norm) in late 2010s. The findings concern the present status of language components that were evaluated both negatively and positively at that time. It is indicated that the negative attitude of a linguist--prescriptivist to new words and linguistic structures of that day has virtually no effect on the status of such components in the Polish language after a quarter of a century, while the approving attitude is confirmed in the further fate of such components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wars often result in changes of peoples' attitudes and approach towards others and social, economic and religious reality around them. This is especially true among those who have personally experienced atrocities of military conflicts. The aim of this paper is to reveal the impact of the Northern Wars (i.e. the 1655-1660 and 1700-1712 conflicts) on attitudes and relations between burghers of the city of Poznań representing various religious denominations. Examination of evidence shows that citizens of Poznań displayed usually toleration for other religions groups. This circumstance, of course, did not exclude occasional religious upheaval. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Komunikaty Mazursko-Warminskie is the property of Komunikaty Mazursko-Warminskie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Polish Nursing / Pielegniarstwo Polskie is the property of Poznan University of Medical Sciences Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annals of Philosophy / Roczniki Filozoficzne is the property of John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Faculty of Philosophy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Socjologiczne is the property of Studia Socjologiczne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ethos (0860-8024) is the property of John Paul II Institute, Faculty of Philosophy, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Research Papers of the Wroclaw University of Economics / Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wroclawiu is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

moje zdziwienia (My Wonderments) is a column authored by Henryk Markiewicz, professor emeritus of the Jagiellonian University, and one of the most outstanding Polish historians and theoreticians of literature. In his articles, which have been appearing in the "Wielogłos" magazine since 2008, professor Markiewicz offers a critical discussion on selected publications devoted to literary studies, comments on current events associated with academic life, engages in polemics and poses questions addressed to authors of academic papers and popularizing articles; he unceasingly demands respect for standards of academic professionalism, competence, diligence and responsibility for the views and opinions expressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to present the opinions of Poles on ageing and senior citizens. The main focus is placed on the question of Poles' attitude towards active ageing, i.e an idea to encourage older people to stay involved as citizens (in various areas, including employment). In order to place mentioned issues in context, the author begins with a review of psychological theories on ageing and its consequences. Next, the results of various public opinion surveys (both nationwide and conducted solely among seniors) on ageing and elderly people are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia i Materialy Polskiego Stowarzyszenia Zarzadzania Wiedza / Studies & Proceedings Polish Association for Knowledge Management is the property of Polish Society of Knowledge Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article is devoted to the anthropological "man of feelings" project. This pattern, formed in the 18th century, found its most well-rounded form in Franciszek Karpiński's work. However, it is worth considering how the "man of feelings" project functioned in the late Enlightenment. This kind of perspective may give an opportunity to show "the long duration" of sentimentalism, defined not only as a literary movement but also a set of anthropological attitudes and ideas, playing a crucial role in Polish culture in the first decades of the 21st century. Kazimierz Brodziński's literary legacy is one of the most important examples of this phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Econometrics / Ekonometria is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Poland's transformation occurs in individuals' attitudes and behaviour. Several years ago, the entrepreneur in Poland was associated with corruption and borderline legal activities. Today, many entrepreneurs are looked upon as positive role models. Social acceptance of entrepreneurial attitudes in Poland is growing. Increased susceptibility to entrepreneurial behaviour in a society will increase the rate at which new businesses are established, enhancing market dynamics, and accelerating innovative changes. But in Poland entrepreneurs are not seen as a positive example, unlike in the United States. Willingness to take risks, self-expression and independence are not met with social acceptance, especially if rewarded with high incomes. The research undertaken by the author is aimed at analysing the essence of entrepreneurial attitudes and changes in the social acceptance of entrepreneurial behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Socjologiczne is the property of Studia Socjologiczne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medycyna Pracy is the property of Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. Jerzego Nofera and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Borrell’s visit to Moscow was a substantial political failure of the EU’s diplomacy still it was not an accident neither a surprise. The EU’ policy towards Russia has been based on illusions and the European wishful thinking since the very beginning of the mutual relations that started in 1991-1993. The Borrell’s visit to Moscow rather showed the nature of the Russian attitude towards the EU than produced it. Russia prefers to act within the “great powers concerto” i.e. to deal with both – the leading EU member states (Germany, France) and the non-EU great powers (uk, usa) and not with the EU institutions and representatives who are not respected neither treated seriously in Moscow. There is a deep division within the EU between the Eastern flank member states whose perception of Russian threat is strong and well founded and the western and southern countries the political interests and priorities are focused on other problems. Russian capacity to corrupt the numerous prominent members of the European political class makes the EU policy vis a vis Russia even less coherent and realistic. The article shows the history of the EU-Russia relations in the last 30 years and proves the fiasco of the Borrell’s visit to Moscow was not just an accident still a logical consequence of the ill based EU policy towards Russia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nursing in Anaesthesiology & Intensive Care is the property of Evereth Publishing Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Wstęp. Jak zauważają socjologowie sportu i przedstawiciele nauk o kulturze fizycznej, korzystanie z różnorodnych form sportu i rekreacji w czasie wolnym wydaje się jednym z najistotniejszych współczesnych obszarów badań społecznych, w których aplikować można klasową teorię Pierre'a Bourdieu. Cel. Celem opracowania było nakreślenie w kontekście teorii dystynkcji autorstwa Pierre'a Bourdieu aktywności sportowo-rekreacyjnej pielęgniarek i położnych. Materiał i metody. Badaniami objęto 127 zawodowo czynnych pielęgniarek i położnych pracujących w szpitalach oraz przychodniach POZ znajdujących się z terenie województwa wielkopolskiego. W pracy wykorzystano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego zrealizowanego za pomocą narzędzia, jakim był autorski kwestionariusz ankiety, wspomagany wywiadem nieustrukturyzowanym. Wyniki. Badane kobiety najczęściej preferują jazdę na rowerze, nordic walking, gimnastykę i ćwiczenia w domu, biegi, pływanie, aerobik, sporty zimowe oraz gimnastykę odchudzającą. Sprawność fizyczna oraz dobra kondycja często są rudymentarni dla osób wykonujących zawód pielęgniarki i położnej. Potrzeby estetyczne to kolejny obszar lokujący się wśród istotnych wartości wynikających z uczestnictwa w aktywności sportowo-rekreacyjnej. Wnioski. Uzyskane dane dotyczące aktywności sportowo-rekreacyjnej pielęgniarek i położnych pozwalają stwierdzić, że wybierane przez nie formy aktywności ruchowej mogą być dyskretnymi, ale ważnymi wyróżnikami ich stylu życia lub - idąc tokiem myślenia francuskiego socjologa Pierre'a Bourdieu - cechami społecznie dystynktywnymi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NATO membership has been widely debated in Finland and Sweden, so the North Atlantic Alliance might soon be confronted with an official membership application from one or even both countries. Hence the article examines NATO enlargement northwards in Europe and its consequences from the international perspective, focusing on key stakeholders' potential reactions. While NATO is likely to welcome the new members, Russia’s hostile response is analysed with a view to outlining the scope of its potential reaction rather than predicting specific measures that might be taken by Moscow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Research Papers of the Wroclaw University of Economics / Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wroclawiu is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization & Management / Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Slaskiej. Seria Organizacji i Zarzadzanie is the property of Silesian Technical University, Organisation & Management Faculty and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)