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The year 2022 marks 30 years since the passing of Zofia Kozarynowa--a writer, publicist, translator, Polish language instructor at the University of Turin between 1929 and 1939, Polish emigration literature nestor. The paper presents Kozarynowa's biography and her large output, as well as describes this interesting and controversial personality that stimulated her versatile activity. Additionally, it shows the family and social circle from which she originated, and the communities she lived in and worked with first in Poland, then in Italy, and ultimately in Great Britain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2021, the UK left the EU internal market and the Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA) started to be applied in the mutual trade between the UK and the EU. Although under this agreement trade without tariffs and quantitative restrictions has been maintained, costs in mutual trade increased due to introducing non-tariff barriers to trade. The aim of this paper is to evaluate whether these changes led in the short term to the diversion of trade flows towards other trading partners from both the EU and the UK points of view. To meet this goal, an analysis of trade flows was carried out from the point of view of the EU, as well as the UK. In the case of the EU, changes in trade with the UK were compared with changes in trade with the remaining countries of the world. In the case of the UK, changes in trade with the EU were compared with changes in trade with the rest of the world. The main finding is that since the TCA started to be applied, neither from the point of view of the UK nor from the point of view of the EU, there has been a diversion of trade to other trading partners. Thanks to the TCA, which goes beyond traditional free trade agreements, it was possible to avert the expected negative trade effects of the UK's withdrawal from the EU in the short term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studies in Law & Economics / Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne is the property of Lodz Scientific Society / Lodzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sport and sports organisations are often some of the most important aspects of local culture and identity. As in the case of cultural institutions, recent years have seen numerous interesting initiatives for sustainable development undertaken by athletes and sports clubs. The paper explores the implementation and social reception of the sustainable development strategy adopted in 2010 by the professional football club called Forest Green Rovers FC in Great Britain. Using the method of content analysis, the author attempts to analyse the critical reflection on the strategy presented in the national opinion-forming press and to show how the club's environmentally-friendly actions are perceived by the community of its fans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Prakseologia is the property of Wydawnictwo Instytutu Filozofii i Socjologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Res Rhetorica is the property of Polish Rhetoric Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Current Neurology / Aktualno?ci Neurologiczne is the property of Medical Communications Sp. z o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article addresses the issue of Brexit in the context of economic analysis of law using a qualitative method, namely the textual analysis of selected papers devoted to both the process of secession of Great Britain from the European Union and the aforementioned research school. The hypothesis of this work is as follows: economic analysis of law reveals limited applicability to the exegesis of the Community disintegration mechanisms, including Brexit, which is one of the symptoms of these processes. According to the author, it reveals certain shortcomings in the research procedures regarding the phenomenon of EU decomposition, although, on the other hand, some of its components still remain valid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archives of the History & Philosophy of Medicine / Archiwum Historii i Filozofii Medycyny is the property of Polskie Towarzystwo Historii Medycyny i Farmacji and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Socjologiczne is the property of Studia Socjologiczne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Horizons of Politics / Horyzonty Polityki is the property of Jesuit University Ignatianum in Krakow and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this paper is to investigate the link between regulations and size of country-level investment crowdfunding markets in Europe. The author discusses the outlook and potential drivers behind the size of investment crowdfunding markets across European countries, with deeper insight into a leading market of the United Kingdom. The conclusions are supported by a quantitative analysis. Key findings indicate that regulatory aspects of investment crowdfunding correlate, on average, stronger with market size than non-regulatory factors. Besides, the size of population matters for crowdfunding market volumes, and British regulatory framework for investment crowdfunding appears as an attractive role model to consider in Poland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Santander Art & Culture Law Review is the property of Jagiellonian University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dental Forum is the property of Dental Forum and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Przeglad Sejmowy is the property of Kancelaria Sejmu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Polish Journal of Sports Medicine / Medycyna Sportowa is the property of Agencja Wydawnicza Medsportpress Sp. z o. o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Global imbalances, i.e. external positions of systemically important economies that reflect distortions or entail risks for the global economy, remain one of the key characteristics of the contemporary world economy. After narrowing sharply in the aftermath of the global financial crisis, overall current account surpluses and deficits stabilized at around 3 percent of global GDP. However, according to the International Monetary Fund's External Sector Report about 35-45 percent of overall current account surpluses and deficits were deemed excessive in 2018. Moreover, the post-crisis period has been characterized by external rebalancing of the Chinese economy, the rise of EMDEs in overall deficits as well as persistency of deficits in the US and the UK. Following the global financial crisis, global imbalances have also been increasingly concentrated in advanced economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author describes the principles of the use of television by politicians in the United Kingdom. First of all, the rules under the Communications Act 2003, the Royal Charter and Agreement for the BBC and documents issued by the Office of Communications are discussed. The role of ministers' announcement as a tool available for the members of the government is emphasized. In the key part of the article the author analyzes and comments on the rules of allocation and emission of political party broadcasts (PPBs) and party election broadcasts (PEBs) These programmes are transmitted by both the BBC and commercial televisions. Afterwards, the author discusses the differences between major and minor parties, and then the existing ban on paid political advertising. Finally, the author points to the nature of the British political broadcasts system and its possible grounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]