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Background and Objective: Perceived mental workload is a set of factors that affect the mental processes of information processing, decision-making, and individual reactions in the work environment. Patient safety refers to the prevention from injuries caused by medical errors that occur due to negligence in performing duties. The present study was conducted to determine the perceived workload and its relationship with the culture of patient safety in nurses. Materials and Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among the nurses of Shahid Sayad Shirazi and 5 Azar teaching hospitals in Gorgan, Iran, in 2022. In total, 280 nurses from the mentioned hospitals participated in the study. The random stratified sampling was applied, and the Ethics Code was obtained. The data were collected by means of mental workload and patient safety culture questionnaires and were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics methods in SPSS software (version 24). Results: The average age and standard deviation of the nurses was 34.9 ± 9.2 years. Most nurses had a bachelor's degree (90.4%) and were married (71.6%). The average score and standard deviation of perceived workloads was 73.80 ± 14.74. The overall score of patient safety culture was 3.30 ± 0.26. No significant relationship was observed between perceived mental workload and patient safety culture (P=0.204). Conclusion: The perceived mental workload score was high among the nurses, and the safety culture status was moderate. The need for the attention of nursing managers for planning and policy-making to reduce the workload of nurses seems essential and can lead to the improvement of the safety culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction:One of the communication models that improves communication between the care team, reduces errors, and increases the quality of care is the SBAR method. The aim of this paper was to determine the effect of using the SBAR model in shift handover on patient and nurse satisfaction. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in the emergency department of Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz, 2020. According to the statistical formula, 70 shift handover positions (in control and experimental groups) were selected based on inclusion criteria. First, the control group was randomly selected and, after training the SBAR model, the experimental group was randomly selected. Shift handover was performed routinely in the control group, but it was based on the SBAR model in the test group. Data were collected using demographic, nurse, and patient satisfaction questionnaires and a researcher-made shift handover checklist. Data were analyzed by an independent t-test, a paired t-test, and a chi-2. Results: The findings showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups of patients in terms of age, length of hospital stays, gender, marriage, employment, education, and type of disease (p<0.05). The results of the paired t-test showed that nurses' satisfaction increased significantly after the intervention. Furthermore, the satisfaction of patients in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group. Conclusion: The present study showed the importance of standardizing the shift handover process. It is possible to increase the quality of care and increase the satisfaction of nurses and patients by training and using the SBAR method in shift handover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The performance of nurses as the largest human resources element of health care organizations has an important impact on the quality and results of patients' treatment. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of internal marketing orientation on nurses’ performance by considering the mediating role of nurses’ engagement. Materials & Methods: In this regard, while reviewing the implications of internal marketing orientation, engagement with the job and performance of employees, using path analysis and structural equation modeling, we examined the effect of internal marketing orientation on the performance of nurses by examining the role of mediation in job engagement. The study population included nurses of Sasan and Parsian hospitals in Tehran. Stratified random sampling and a questionnaire were used to collect the data. In order to analyze the data, Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests were used for the normal test and Path Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling for confirmation of hypotheses. Results: Results showed that internal marketing orientation, through the engagement of nurses, influences their performance. Moreover, it was proved that internal marketing orientation has a direct relationship with engagement, but it does not directly influence nurses’ performance. Conclusion: The most significant achievement of this research is that the managers and executives of healthcare centers can provide a more suitable environment for nurses caring patients, through improving working conditions. Implementing internal marketing orientation is one of the practices that can enhance nurses’ performance through affecting work attitudes, especially work engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Moral distress is one of the most common issues in nursing that can have different effects on health and performance of nurses and patients and health organizations. Resilience is defined as the social and personal capacity for recovery, adjustment, and persistence against adversity that can help nurses reduce moral distress.The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between ethical distress and resilience in nurses working in hospitals affiliated to Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd in 2019. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 250 nurses working in hospitals affiliated to Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd, Iran. Samples were selected by stratified random sampling. Data collection tools included three questionnaires of demographic characteristics, modified ethical distress scale, and Connor and Davidson resilience scale. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics (independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Tukey, Pearson tests) in SPSS 20 software. Findings: The results showed that there was no significant relationship between the mean score of moral distress and resiliency of nurses (r=-0.027, p=0.67). Among the resilience dimensions, there was a significant inverse relationship between "control" and "positive acceptance of change, and secure relationships" with moral distress" (P<0.05). The mean score of moral distress was 31.36±9.99, which shows a moderate level of moral distress. The mean score of resiliency of nurses was 64.87 ±11.11. The highest and lowest score of resiliency pertained to the dimension of "spiritual influences" (68.05±20.22) and "trust in one’s instincts, tolerance of negative affect" (60.44±13.38), respectively. There was a significant relationship between moral distress with gender, marital status, shift status, age groups, employment status and work experience (P<0.05). Also, resilience had a significant relationship with gender, marital status, education level and employment status (P<0.05). Ethical Considerations: This study is approved by the Ethics Committee on Medical Research. Ethical considerations such as completing the informed consent form voluntary participation, explaining research goals, and assurance of confidentiality were observed. Conclusion: Individuals with higher ability to "control" and "accept positive change and secure personal relationships" experience less moral distress. Therefore, it is possible to reduce moral distress and consequences such as maintaining the workforce and improving the quality of patient care by applying educational strategies promoting these dimensions and supporting nursing managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]