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ObjectiveAlfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) is one of the most important plant viruses that has a wide host range and economically is a destructive virus in the world and Iran. The aim of this research is to study the MP gene of Iranian AMV isolates and its application in the phylogenetical analysis and compare it with the CP gene. Materials and methodsDuring 2014 to 2017, a number of plant samples including alfalfa and weeds were collected from alfalfa fields in six Iranian provinces. ELISA test using polyclonal antibodies and RT-PCR were employed to check the AMV infection of the samples. Among the AMV infected samples, 20 isolates including 17 from alfalfa and three wild species including Sonchus oleraceus L., Chenopodium amaranticolor L. and Plantago ovate L. were chosen for phylogenetical analysis based on the sequence of the MP gene. ResultsPhylogenetic analysis based on the nucleotide sequence of movement protein (MP) gene of AMV including Iranian (n=20) and GenBank isolates (n=15) showed that all isolates are divided into two group I and II and each group is also divided into two subgroups A and B. The majority of Iranian isolates were placed in group II. All abroad and two Iranian isolates (Accession numbers: KX535454 and KX535456) were placed in subgroup IA, and subgroup IB is limited to three Iranian isolates (Accession numbers: KX535460, KX535458 and KX535462). Whereas based on the part of the nucleotide sequence of the MP gene (468nt), most of Iranian isolates, together with one Spanish isolate (JQ691163) were clustered in a new subgroup (IIB). ConclusionsAccording to the results of this study, it seems that the MP gene can be used to analyze the phylogenetic relationships between AMV isolates. Since the origin of AMV is from Far-East and central Asia and due to the host variability of the virus in these regions, AMV probably has a high genetic diversity in Iran.

Objective Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) is one of the most important plant viruses that has a wide host range and economically is a destructive virus in the world and Iran. The aim of this research is to study the MP gene of Iranian AMV isolates and its application in the phylogenetical analysis and compare it with the CP gene. Materials and methods During 2014 to 2017, a number of plant samples including alfalfa and weeds were collected from alfalfa fields in six Iranian provinces. ELISA test using polyclonal antibodies and RT-PCR were employed to check the AMV infection of the samples. Among the AMV infected samples, 20 isolates including 17 from alfalfa and three wild species including Sonchus oleraceus L., Chenopodium amaranticolor L. and Plantago ovate L. were chosen for phylogenetical analysis based on the sequence of the MP gene. Results Phylogenetic analysis based on the nucleotide sequence of movement protein (MP) gene of AMV including Iranian (n=20) and GenBank isolates (n=15) showed that all isolates are divided into two group I and II and each group is also divided into two subgroups A and B. The majority of Iranian isolates were placed in group II. All abroad and two Iranian isolates (Accession numbers: KX535454 and KX535456) were placed in subgroup IA, and subgroup IB is limited to three Iranian isolates (Accession numbers: KX535460, KX535458 and KX535462). Whereas based on the part of the nucleotide sequence of the MP gene (468nt), most of Iranian isolates, together with one Spanish isolate (JQ691163) were clustered in a new subgroup (IIB). Conclusions According to the results of this study, it seems that the MP gene can be used to analyze the phylogenetic relationships between AMV isolates. Since the origin of AMV is from Far-East and central Asia and due to the host variability of the virus in these regions, AMV probably has a high genetic diversity in Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]