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Background: The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has been increasing rapidly. Transcription factor 7- like 2 (TCF7L2) has been found to has a strong role in the pathogenesis of T2DM. This gene codes an important transcription factors in the Wnt signaling pathway which secrets in pancreatic β-cells and other tissues. Significant associations have been showed between rs7903146 and T2D risk in nearly all populations. Also many loci such as UBE2Z rs46522 that is affecting by TCF7L2 transcription factor have been found associated with T2D. Our objective was to explore whether mentioned SNPs are associated with the risk of T2D among our Arab population of Khuzestan. Methods: We performed a case-control study using 100 T2D patients (WHO criteria), and 97 controls (age > 30; with FBS ≥126 mg/dl) of Arab people of Khuzestan province. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP and was confirmed by direct sequencing. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 16.0. Results: No significant difference in genotype frequencies was observed between the T2DM patients and normoglycemic controls. The rs7903146 (C/T) polymorphism odds ratios for CC and TC genotypes were 1.75 (95% CI, 0.63 to - 4.88; p= 0.28) and 0.94 (95% CI, 0.49 to - 1.79; p= 0.84) compared with the TT genotype, respectively. The rs46522 (C/T) polymorphism odds ratios for TT and TC genotypes were 1.41 (95% CI, 0.58 to - 3.42; p= 0.45) and 1.22 (95% CI, 0.64 to - 2.35; p= 0.54) compared with the CC genotype, respectively. Conclusion: Our study indicates no association of T2D in Arab population of Khuzestan province with the rs7903146 and rs46522 and rs46522 variants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Diabetes induces motor dysfunctions, Palmatine is an isoquinoline alkaloid, with anti-diabetic and antioxidant activities. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Palmatine on motor dysfunction in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 32 male wistar rats were randomly allocated into control, Palmatine-treated non-diabetic, diabetic and Palmatine-treated diabetic groups. Diabetes was induced by STZ administration at the dose of 55 mg/kg/bw, intraperitoneally. Palmatine hydrochloride was administered subcutaneous at doses of 10 mg/kg/bw per day for a period of 6 weeks, one week after induction of diabetes. Blood glucose level was measured 1, 3, 5, 7 weeks after STZ injection. Locomotor activity tests including Y maze, grip-traction and inclined plane tests were performed to determining locomotor activity. Results: In Y maze test, the number of arms entered significantly increased in Palmatine-treated diabetic group compared to diabetic group (P<0.05). Grip traction and inclined plane tests significantly increased in Palmatine-treated diabetic group compared to diabetics animals (P<0.05). Conclusion: Palmatine hydrochloride administration for 6 weeks improves motor dysfunctions in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]