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The cardiac index which is obtained by dividing the cardiac output on the body surface is known as the standard parameter to evaluate tissue perfusion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate cardiac index changes as a novel criterion to estimate the time of fluid therapy termination in dogs with hypovolemic shock. For this purpose, 10 mixed breed dogs were selected and after determination of body surface area, cardiac output was measured by Doppler echocardiography in eight stages. After induction of anesthesia and recording of vital signs, cardiac index evaluation was performed in control stage. Hypovolemic shock was induced by blood withdrawal to a mean arterial pressure of 40 to 50 mmHg within 30 minutes and then maintained for 30 minutes under hypovolemic condition. The dogs were then randomly divided into two equal groups; each group was resuscitated with lactated Ringer's solution (20 ml/kg) or 6% hydroxyethyl starch (5 ml/kg) over four 15-min intervals. The dogs were monitored for up to one hour from the last stage of resuscitation and at the end of each stage evaluation of cardiac index was performed. Hypovolemic shock caused significant decrease in cardiac index (2.3±0.1) compared to control stage (4.8±0.6) (p < /em>

Background and Objective: the most common cause of shock in surgical or trauma patients is blood loss due to bleeding. The usual treatment for this type of shock is the replacement of isotonic fluids. The aim of this project is to compare the effect of hypertonic saline (3.5%) and ringer lactate in the resuscitation of trauma patients with hypovolemic shock. Subjects and Methods: In this double blind clinical trial study، using a simple random sampling، trauma patients referred to Ahwaz Golestan hospital emergency room، were divided into the case and control groups(85 cases VS.85 control). The group received a hypertonic saline solution 3.5% and intervention was done in the control group using the routine method of resuscitation، including administration of of ringer lactate. Results: In this study. 170 patients (157 males and 13 females) were studied. The required time and the volume of the fluid intake to reach Blood pressure of 90 mmHg in the hypertonic-treated case group was significantly lower than the ringer lactate-treated control group. In a comparison between other variables، except serum sodium، 24 hr after the start of treatment، no significant difference was seen between the two groups. Conclusion: At the start of the treatment for patients with patients with hypovolemic shock following trauma، the use of hypertonic saline with a limited volume caused the reduced amount of fluid intake and the decreased the time of getting out of shock. Therefore، the use of hypertonic saline in patients with hypovolemic shock is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]