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Habitats have dramatically destructed worldwide.However a growing trend is emerging for restoring habitatats. One of the most effective approach to revitalize them is to restore the conditions that have lost. Studies indicate high probability of local extinction of Maral (Cervus elaphus maral) in the current habitats of Gilan due to severe habitat destruction. The current study aimed to introduce application of habitat suitability and resistances surfaces, connectivity paths and corridors for analyzing and monitoring changes in habitats as the starting point of their reconstruction. Based on the results, 35% reduction of suitable habitats, 34% increase in the number of patches, 89% in edge density, and 53% reduction in the average size of patches indicate that occurrence of habitat loss and fragmentation, severely disrupted the integrity of Maral habitats. Increasing cost-weight distance to the Euclidean distance and land cover change of paths and corridors indicate increasing of habitat resistance and reduction of landscape permeability. Results have given a clear picture of the changes in habitat suitability and connectivity of Maral that can play an effective role in restoration process.

Long-term survival of Goitered gazelles in central Iran has been threatened because of isolation of existing populations and genetic threats. Effective management of these small and isolated populations needs to evaluate landscape connectivity among core habitat patches. In the present study, resistance surfaces were mapped as a function of twelve uncorrelated variables using species distribution algorithms. Given the limited empirical data of Goitered gazelle dispersal distances, we assessed different dispersal ability scenarios. Extent of core habitats, fracture zones, and dispersal corridors were identified using resistance kernel approach. Our finding showed that while gazelle population in Biduiyeh Protected Area has been isolated, there is relatively high dispersal rate among populations of Goitered gazelle in Mooteh National Park, Ghamishloo National Park, Kahyaz Protected Area, Kalmand-Bahadoran Protected Area and Kolah-Qazi National Park. Given the effect of roads and metropolises, functional connectivity between Kolah-Qazi and other populations is not possible. Based on genetic relationships and landscape connectivity results, we concluded that gazelle populations in Central Iran can be grouped into three separated subpopulations including 1- Biduiyeh P.A., 2-Kolah-Qazi N.P., and 3- gazelles in other protected areas. The obtained results show that integrated conservation management at landscape level need to be considered in maintaining gene flow among isolated and fragmented habitats.

Habitats have dramatically destructed the world wide. However a growing trend is emerging for restoring habitatats. One of the most effective approaches to revitalize them is to restore the conditions that have been lost. Studies indicate the high probability of the local extinction of Maral (Cervus elaphus maral) in the current habitats of Gilan due to severe habitat destruction. The current study, therefore, aimed to introduce the application of habitat suitability and resistances surfaces, connectivity paths and corridors to analyze and monitor changes in habitats as the starting point for their reconstruction. Based on the results, 35% reduction in suitable habitats, 34% increase in the number of patches, 89% in edge density, and 53% reduction in the average size of patches, indicated that the occurrence of habitat loss and fragmentation had severely disrupted the integrity of Maral habitats. The increase in the cost-weight distance to the Euclidean distance ratio and land cover change of paths and corridors showed the rise of habitat resistance and the reduction of landscape permeability. Results, therefore, represented a clear picture of the changes in habitat suitability and connectivity of Maral which could play an effective role in the restoration process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The science and technology corridor is a complex cluster containing universities, science parks, research centers, high-tech companies, venture capital, institutional and physical infrastructures, and human capital in a defined geography with its unique management and legal structure in association with the business space and knowledge-based products. In fact, the science and technology corridor reflects the concept of development based on the knowledge region (the especial region for science and technology). The knowledge region is clearly a triple helix phenomenon par excellence: universities, governments and businesses combine their efforts to construct a common advantage which they would not be able to offer on their own. The future creative universities in connection with the knowledge city-regions not only will deal with innovation and entrepreneurial training but also produce a competitive, vibrant environment with high indices for quality of life and full of green technologies. In this article, we will present functional interactions of the creative universities in the triple helix, particularly the missions for the Iranian universities of medical sciences. As a theoretical model, the complex interactions of Bushehr University of Medical Sciences and Health Services with Bushehr Science and Technology Corridor will be discussed.

Long-term survival of Goitered gazelles in central Iran has been threatened because of isolation of existing populations and genetic threats. Effective management of these small and isolated populations needs to evaluate landscape connectivity among core habitat patches. In the present study, resistance surfaces were mapped as a function of twelve uncorrelated variables using species distribution algorithms. Given the limited empirical data of Goitered gazelle dispersal distances, we assessed different dispersal ability scenarios. Extent of core habitats, fracture zones, and dispersal corridors were identified using resistance kernel approach. Our finding showed that while gazelle population in Biduiyeh Protected Area has been isolated, there is relatively high dispersal rate among populations of Goitered gazelle in Mooteh National Park, Ghamishloo National Park, Kahyaz Protected Area, Kalmand-Bahadoran Protected Area and Kolah-Qazi National Park. Given the effect of roads and metropolises, functional connectivity between Kolah- Qazi and other populations is not possible. Based on genetic relationships and landscape connectivity results, we concluded that gazelle populations in Central Iran can be grouped into three separated subpopulations including 1- Biduiyeh P.A., 2-Kolah-Qazi N.P., and 3- gazelles in other protected areas. The obtained results show that integrated conservation management at landscape level need to be considered in maintaining gene flow among isolated and fragmented habitats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For cellular mobile users, forced disconnection of a conversation is more undesirable than blocking and rejecting initial communication requests. Various traffic prioritization schemes seek to reduce the forced disconnection of conversations that require channel replacement.In this paper, while reviewing and presenting conventional methods without prioritization, with FIFO and MBPS queuing, with a reserved channel and a combination with queuing and reserved channel, a mobile cellular telecommunication system is considered by considering two types of initial requests and in Now, the connection needs to be replaced, the simulation has been simulated and the results of simulating different methods have been extracted according to the conventional evaluation criteria "probability of forced disconnection" and "probability of blockages" and a comparison has been made between these methods. The results of simulations presented in this study show that the MBPS queuing method is better than the FIFO method and these two methods, while having the possibility of optimal traffic jams, have a much lower probability of forced disconnection than the non-prioritized method.The combined method works better than the reserved channel method because it has the advantages of the reserved channel method and does not have long queues. The results of this study will be useful in selecting the appropriate method and considering the key parameters of each method such as the length of the queue in the queuing methods and the number of channels reserved in the methods based on the reserved channel.

The science and technology corridor is a complex cluster containing universities, science parks, research centers, high-tech companies, venture capital, institutional and physical infrastructures, and human capital in a defined geography with its unique management and legal structure in association with the business space and knowledge-based products. In fact, the science and technology corridor reflects the concept of development based on the knowledge region (the especial region for science and technology). The knowledge region is clearly a triple helix phenomenon par excellence: universities, governments and businesses combine their efforts to construct a common advantage which they would not be able to offer on their own. The future creative universities in connection with the knowledge city-regions not only will deal with innovation and entrepreneurial training but also produce a competitive, vibrant environment with high indices for quality of life and full of green technologies. In this article, we will present functional interactions of the creative universities in the triple helix, particularly the missions for the Iranian universities of medical sciences. As a theoretical model, the complex interactions of Bushehr University of Medical Sciences and Health Services with Bushehr Science and Technology Corridor will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]