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Background: The number of patients suffering from diabetic ulcers has been increased in recent years and the current therapies have faced failure. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Wharton’s jelly stem cells (WJMSCs) on the diabetic wound in an animal mode . Methods: During this laboratory experimental study carried out in Skin and Stem Cells Research Center from March 2021 to November 2021, WJMSCs were isolated and their differentiation capability to osteocytes and adipose cells was assessed using the colorimetric method, and the expression of specific markers was evaluated using flow cytometry. 12 male Wistar rats weighing 200 to 250 grams were purchased from the Pasteur Institute and kept in the animal room in standard condition. Streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes in male Wistar rats. Animals were divided to control (normal saline injection: n=6) and WJMSCs injection (n=6) groups. Wounds with 0.8 cm in diameter were made on the back of rats. After subdermal injection of normal saline and WJMSCs, wound healing was evaluated 7, 14 and 21 days using the photography method. Data were analyzed using a t-test and analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that the isolation process should be performed no later than a few hours after the cesarean section. Storing the sample for one day or more caused sample contamination leading to significant failure in cell proliferation and differentiation. WJMSCs were positive for specific mesenchymal stem cell markers (CD44, D73, CD90 and CD 105, and negative for CD45 and CD 34. They were capabale to differentiate into osteocytes and adipose cells and had a high viability rate (83.1%). Subdermal injection of WJMSCs in diabetic rats resulted in acceleration of diabetic wound healing compared with the control group. Conclusion: Subdermal injection of WJMSCs can effectively accelerate diabetic wound healing. According to which, applying Wharton’s jelly stem cells can be considered in cell therapy particularly in the field of diabetic wound healing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Alzheimer is the most common form of dementia in elderly persons. Oxidative stress is one of the main pathological factors in Alzheimer’s disease. This study was done to investigate the effect of crosin on histological changes of hippocampus and memory impairment which induced by scopolamine in the male rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 30 male rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups including: control, scopolamine and scopolamine with crosin treated groups. Scopolamine with dose of 3 mg/kg/bw for one week and crocin with dose of 30mg/kg for two weeks were administered, intraperitoneally. The learning and spatial memory parameters were evaluated by Morris water maze test. Then the animals were sacrificed and their hippocampi were removed immediately for histological evaluation. Results: Scopolamine injection causes significantly increased the number of dark cells in CA1 region of hippocampus in compared to control group (P<0.05). Treatment with crocin decreased dark cells and increased light cells number in CA1 region of hippocampus (P<0.05). Also treatment with crocin decreased memory impairment that induced by scopolamine in rats (P<0.05). Conclusion: It seems that treatment with crocin has protective effects against neuronal damage of CA1 region of hippocampus and memory impairment that induced by scopolamine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: One of the most destructive side effects of chemotherapy is damage to the reproductive system. Cyclophosphamide (CTX), as one of the most widely used chemotherapy drugs, has toxic and irreversible effects on the ovary. This study aims to investigate the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of proposes on improving the structure and function of rat ovaries damaged by chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide. Materials and Methods: This research was conducted on 40 female Westar rats (5 groups of 8), including the sham group; receiving only the basic solvent (proposed solvent), the control group; receiving distilled water intraperitoneal for 14 days and cyclophosphamide once with a dose of 200 mg/kg on the 15th day of pregnancy, groups 3, 4 and 5 including mice that received proposes with a dose of 200, 100 and 50 mg/kg respectively (14 days, intraperitoneal) and cyclophosphamide once at a dose of 200 mg/kg on the 15th day of pregnancy. 24 hours after the last injection, blood was taken to measure the level of serum 17-beta-estradiol hormone. Then, the right ovaries of all animals were fixed in Bouin's solution for histopathological studies, and tissue sections were prepared and stained. After freezing, their left ovary was homogenized and centrifuged, and its supernatant was used to measure the oxidative stress factors TAC and MDA according to the method mentioned in the relevant kits. Results: The use of the proposed hydro alcoholic extract with doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg inhibits the decrease in the number of ovarian follicles and oocyte diameter, decreases the number of athreptic follicles, increases the amount of 17-beta-estradiol hormone, and increases the level of total antioxidant factor (TAC) and reducing the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the chemotherapy model. Conclusion: This study showed that the hydro-alcoholic extract of proposes significantly prevents the destructive effects of cyclophosphamide on the structure and function of the ovary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The number of patients suffering from diabetic ulcers has been increased in recent years and the current therapies have faced failure. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Wharton’s jelly stem cells (WJMSCs) on the diabetic wound in an animal mode. Methods: During this laboratory experimental study carried out in Skin and Stem Cells Research Center from March 2021 to November 2021, WJMSCs were isolated and their differentiation capability to osteocytes and adipose cells was assessed using the colorimetric method, and the expression of specific markers was evaluated using flow cytometry. 12 male Wistar rats weighing 200 to 250 grams were purchased from the Pasteur Institute and kept in the animal room in standard condition. Streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes in male Wistar rats. Animals were divided to control (normal saline injection: n=6) and WJMSCs injection (n=6) groups. Wounds with 0.8 cm in diameter were made on the back of rats. After subdermal injection of normal saline and WJMSCs, wound healing was evaluated 7, 14 and 21 days using the photography method. Data were analyzed using a t-test and analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that the isolation process should be performed no later than a few hours after the cesarean section. Storing the sample for one day or more caused sample contamination leading to significant failure in cell proliferation and differentiation. WJMSCs were positive for specific mesenchymal stem cell markers (CD44, D73, CD90 and CD 105, and negative for CD45 and CD 34. They were capabale to differentiate into osteocytes and adipose cells and had a high viability rate (83.1%). Subdermal injection of WJMSCs in diabetic rats resulted in acceleration of diabetic wound healing compared with the control group. Conclusion: Subdermal injection of WJMSCs can effectively accelerate diabetic wound healing. According to which, applying Wharton’s jelly stem cells can be considered in cell therapy particularly in the field of diabetic wound healing.

Introduction: Peripheral nerve damage is a clinical problem that causes sensory and motor disabilities. Sesamol is an antioxidant that can be effective in repairing various organs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different doses of sesamol on inflammation and pain in the damaged rat sciatic nerve. Materials and Methods: In this study, 35 adult male Wistar rats were used. The rats were randomly divided into five groups: The sham group without crush injury, the control group and three experimental groups respectively received DMSO (solvent) and doses of 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg sesamol intraperitoneally for 28 days after sciatic nerve injury. Then behavioral pain tests including mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia as well as inflammatory factors including interleukins 6 and 10 in the sciatic nerve were evaluated. Results: The results showed that administration of 50 and 100 mg/kg of sesamol significantly decreased expression of interleukin 6, and increased expression of interleukin 10, the retraction threshold in the mechanical allodynia test and the response time to thermal pain in the thermal hyperalgesia test in the damaged sciatic nerve than the control group (P<0.05). While administration of 200 mg/kg sesamol had no significant effect. Conclusion: Administration of 50 and 100 mg/kg sesamol may reduce inflammation and pain in the rat damaged sciatic nerve which may help improve the nerve repair process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives The association of JAK2 V617F mutation with myeloproliferative neoplasms was first reported in 2005. The present study was conducted to evaluate the frequency of JAK2 gene mutation in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms in Kerman, Iran, from the years 2013 to 2018. Materials and Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed among 276 patients with primary diagnosis of myeloproliferative neoplasms with subgroups PV, ET, PMF, and ABL-BCR negative referring to bone marrow laboratory of Bahonar Hospital during six years. Demographic, histopathologic, clinical, and JAK2 mutation data were collected. Data were analyzed by K2 test, Mann-Whitney U test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Results Out of the total number of participants, 176 (64.9%) were male and 100 (35.1%) female with 101 (36.6%) patients having primary thrombocythemia, 81 (29.3%) primary myelofibrosis, 72 (26.1%) polycythemia vera, and 22 (8%) without diagnosis. Of all patients, JAK2 mutation was positive in 184 patients (66.6%). But the results showed that the frequency of positive mutations was 54.4% in primary thrombocytic patients, 59.2% in primary myelofibrosis patients, and 88.7% in polycythemia patients. This difference was statistically significant. ( p = 0.016) Conclusions Considering the comparability of JAK2 V617F mutation rate in Iranian patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms and previous reports, in order to standardize the diagnosis and control of treatment and prognosis, it seems neccessary to evaluate this mutation along with other histopathologic evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have shown an increased CAD risk associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SWAP70 (rs10840293) and Rest- NOA1 (rs17087335). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between rs10840293 and rs17087335 polymorphism with coronary artery disease in the Iranian population. Methods: This study was a case-control study with the case-base sampling method for the control group. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood collected from 150 patients with CAD and 150 healthy controls. Polymorphisms were genotyped by Taq-Man technology. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. Results: The genotype frequency distribution did not deviate significantly from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05). Allelic frequencies and genotype distributions of rs10840293 and rs17087335 did not show statistical significance between patients with POAG and control subjects (P<0.05). Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report concerning the association between SWAP70 and RestNOA1 gene polymorphisms and CAD in an Iranian population. Our data suggest that rs1533428 and rs12994401 are unlikely major risk factors for CAD in an Iranian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Electrospinning method with the ability to make porous parts similar to bone matrix is a suitable method for making bone scaffolds. On the other hand, the use of drugs in inducing osteogenesis along with tissue engineering scaffolds is very important as a new approach in repairing damaged bone. The aim of the study was to evaluate the MG63 cells behavior with electrospun nanocomposite scaffolds of polycaprolactone and carbon quantum dot containing captopril for bone tissue engineering. Methods: The microstructure of synthesized CQDs was evaluated by both transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The microstructure and hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity ratio of scaffolds were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and wettability test, respectively. The mechanical strength of the scaffolding was measured using a tensile test. The cell viability, attachment, proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of scaffolds were assessed using MG-63 cell line in vitro. Based on our results, the scaffold containing CQDs and CP led to a significant increase in the cells’ proliferation and ALP activity. Results: The results of cell culture showed an increase in the growth of MG-63 cells on nanocomposite scaffolds containing 0.5% by weight of quantum dot carbon and 10% captopril compared to other scaffolds. In addition, a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase secretion on nanocomposite scaffolds containing 0.5% by weight of quantum dot carbon and 10% of captopril was quite evident. Conclusion: Therefore, the PCL/CQDs/CP scaffold has a promising potential for bone tissue regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. It is a complex multifactorial disorder influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. The aim of study was to determine the association of rs6929846 of BTN2A1 with the development of Coronary heart disease (CAD). Methods: In the current case-control study, we genotyped rs6929846 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 150 CAD patients as well as in 150 healthy matched subjects by the TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay. Results: Genotype frequencies did not deviate from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in the controls and cases (all P>0.05). There was no significant difference in allele and genotype frequency between the control and patient groups. (P>0.05) Conclusion: This is the first study exploring an association between the BTN2A1 gene polymorphism and CAD risk in an Iranian population. Based on the results, no significant association was found between BTN2A1 gene polymorphism and CAD disease. Future studies with different populations and stronger power are required to confirm the findings of the study further [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The current approach to the treatment of head and neck cancer due to recurrence, resistance to drugs, and side effects has necessitated the need for more efficient treatment methods. Epigallocatechin gallate is the most active catechin in green tea, which has been studied for its anti-cancer effects. Nevertheless, it has a short half-life and stability with low bioavailability. The use of nanocarriers can overcome these deficiencies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-cancer effect of nanoparticles containing epigallocatechin gallate on head and neck cancer cells (TSCC-1). Methods and Materials: First, nanoparticles loaded with epigallocatechin gallate were made, and then the nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and field emission electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Furthermore, the drug release and loading were measured. The toxicity of nanoparticles containing epigallocatechin gallate on TSCC-1 cancer cell line by MTT test, colony formation, the apoptosis rate, and the expression of BAX and BCL2 genes by PCR test were analyzed. Results: The results of the FTIR test confirmed the presence of polyethylene glycol nanoparticles containing epigallocatechin gallate. The nanoparticles showed sustained release of the drug. Moreover, the MTT test showed significant cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles on TSCC-1 cells. No colony formation showed in the groups treated with nanoparticles containing epigallocatechin gallate compared to the control group. The results of apoptosis showed the induction of delayed apoptosis in the group treated with nanoparticles. Furthermore, the expression level of BCL2 gene decreased significantly and the level of BAX gene increased, however, it was not statistically significant for BAX gene. Conclusion: The results suggest that polyethylene glycol nanoparticles loaded with epigallocatechin gallate have a significant anti-cancer effect (TSCC-1) and they have the potential to treat squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives Analyzing the knowledge of health personnel regarding blood transfusion can lead to the identification of shortcomings and defects in knowledge and provide guidance to medical personnel and blood transfusion centers to reform the existing conditions and revise the related educational programs. Therefore, in this study, the knowledge of different medical groups pertaining to haemovigilance was assessed in university (teaching) hospitals of Kerman. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, 135 health personnel of three university hospitals in Kerman were selected using the convenience sampling method and included in this cross-sectional study in 2018. Each person was given a multiple choice questionnaire assessing the minimum knowledge required for transfusion, storage, and understanding possible side effects of blood products, and the level of awareness of each group regarding these issues was evaluated. Chisquare and t-tests were used for data analysis using SPSS21 software. Results The mean knowledge score of all participants was 16.30 ± 3.16 (out of 24 score), which showed an average level of knowledge among the participants. The highest level of knowledge was observed among nurses, followed by residents, and the interns' knowledge was lower than that of the other two groups; these differences were statistically significant (p = 0.001). Conclusions Based on the findings, the level of knowledge of medical personnel regarding blood transfusion is suboptimal, and continuous theoretical and practical training courses are recommended for different target groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Jaundice is a relatively common finding in newborns and deficiency of pyruvate kinase (PK) in Emden Meyerhoff pathway of glycolysis in Erythrocytes can be one of the etiologic factors in its pathogenesis. It is responsible for hereditary non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia. In this study the prevalence of PK deficiency was determined in newborns with jaundice in East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Methods: In a five month period in 2014, among all the newborns admitted to the neonatal ward of Children's Hospital of Tabriz Medical University, those with non-conjugated hyperbilirubinemia were included in this study. Routine Lab. results were collected from hospital records. PK activity was determined by Coupled Enzyme Assay by using ELISA technique. Pyruvate kinase normal range was determined in 30 umbilical cord blood samples of healthy normal newborns. A reduction more than 60% of the mean normal value labeled as deficiency. Common PK-LR gene mutations were studied by PCR-RFLP method Results: Two hundred neonates with indirect hyperbillirubinemia, out of a total 1750 admitted newborns were included. Lab. normal mean and range of PK activities were detected as 4.1 and 3.52-8.45 mili-unit/ml (mU/ml) respectively. In 32 out of 200 (16%) of jaundiced neonates, a decrease in PK activity was detected (mean 1.98± 0.24mU/ ml).Meanwhile only 4 out of 200 neonates (2%) were G6PD deficient. Sixteen out of 32 PK deficient patients (50%) were heterozygous for G1529A PK-LR gene mutation, while the G1168A mutation was not detected in our patients. Conclusion: A relatively high prevalence of PK deficiency was found in our newborns with jaundice in East Azerbaijan province, Iran. So PK deficiency should be considered in the differential diagnosis of newborns with jaundice. Further detailed molecular studies are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wound healing and reduction of its recovery time is one of the most important issues in medicine. Wound is defined as disruption of anatomy and function of normal skin. This injury could be the result of physical elements such as surgical incision, hit or pressure cut of the skin and gunshot wound. Chemical or caustic burn is another category of wound causes that can be induced by acid or base contact irritation. Healing is a process of cellular and extracellular matrix interactions that occur in the damaged tissue. Wound healing consists of several stages including hemostasis, inflammatory phase, proliferative phase and new tissue formation which reconstructs by new collagen formation. Wounds are divided into acute and chronic types based on their healing time. Acute wounds have sudden onset and in normal individuals usually have healing process of less than 4 weeks without any residual side effects. In contrast, chronic wounds have gradual onset. Their inflammatory phase is prolonged and the healing process is stopped due to some background factors like diabetes, ischemia or local pressure. If the healing process lasts more than 4 weeks it will be classified as chronic wound. Despite major advances in the treatment of wounds, still finding effective modalities for healing wounds in the shortest possible time with the fewest side effects is a current challenge. In this review different phases of wound healing and clinical types of wound such as venous leg ulcer, diabetic foot ulcer and pressure ulcer are discussed. Also acute wound models (i.e burn wounds or incisional wound) and chronic wound models (such as venous leg ulcers, diabetic foot ulcer, pressure ulcers or bedsore) in laboratory animals are presented. This summary can be considered as a preliminary step to facilitate designing of more targeted and applied research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Acne vulgaris is self-limiting, multifactorial disease involving sebaceous glands. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor with in vitro antibacterial effects against staphylococcus aureus and anti-androgen that can be potential treatment of acne vulgaris. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of oral omeprazole and erythromycin 4% compared to doxycycline combination therapy in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Methods: In this clinical trial study, patients with moderate acne were referred to Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Iran, during August 2014 until November 2015 and were randomized into two groups receiving topical erythromycin 4% plus omeprazole (34 patients) or doxycycline (35 patients) for 3 months. Moderate acne, lack of sensitivity to proton pump inhibitors, lack of warfarin, phenytoin, diazepam consumption, lack of active liver or kidney disease, being older than 12 years, were considered as inclusion criteria. Pregnant or lactating patients, patients with drug allergy history, patients taking oral contraceptives, acne topical medications (including retinoids) or systemic treatment within 30 days of study, patients with oligomenorrhea, hirsutism, acne conglobata, acne fulminant or body acne alone were excluded from the study. All patients were tested for Helicobacter pylori test at the beginning of the study. Results: Both inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions decreased in both groups with negative correlation with age (P< 0.05). There was no significant correlation between positive Helicobacter pylori test and inflammatory or non-inflammatory lesion reduction (P= 0.794, P= 0.514). Also, patient satisfaction and rate of total drug side effects was not different between two treatment groups. Rate of skin reactions was 20.58% in omeprazole treated group and 11.42% in doxycycline group. For side effects, other than skin it was 2.94% versus 14.28% respectively. Conclusion: Omeprazole could be suggested as an alternative for doxycycline in the treatment of patients with moderate acne vulgaris especially in non-inflammatory lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: The present world is a world of shortsectional relationships, most people identify themselves by acknowledging their appearance instead of considering their inherited or acquired different characteristics. In this study, we decided to compare the body image between patients with skin diseases and healthy participants. Methods: In this case-control study, 300 (150 cases and 150 controls) individuals aged from 18 to 64 years were selected in the Isfahan city. Satisfaction with body image and feelings of respondents regarding their apparent looks in different situations and different conditions were investigated using an a researcher-constructed questionnaire. To analyze the collected data, we used the analysis of covariance and compared the means. Results: Single, younger, and less educated women had body image scores higher and more positive look to their bodies. Healthy people had higher score of body image than the patients with skin diseases. There was no significant relationship between gender and body image scores. Conclusion: Skin diseases had an important role in body image. So we suggest that the effect of other diseases, that somehow affect the appearance of people on body image, be examined deeply for each disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, fertility and survival of future generations is emphasized in societies. Hence, male infertility is a major concern for community health worldwide. In Europe, 14% of young couples have infertility problems. Iranian couples have an infertility rate above World average, at approximately 20.2%. Hormonal factors, genetics, and psychological problems cause 40%-50% of infertility in men. Since there are increasing numbers of cancer patients in industrialized societies and anti-cancer treatments highly eliminate germ cells, hence, cancer treatments reduce male fertility. Recognition of primordial germ cells, to understand their migration process and understanding effective factors in their differentiation can open new avenues for primary studies that follow production of germ cells from other cell sources such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Therefore, finding a way to distinguish germ cells from MSCs, as well as their preservation and proliferation in a culture system can provide the base for spermatogenesis in an in vitro culture. Isolation and differentiation of germ cells from different cell sources such as umbilical cord using morphogens (bone morphogenetic protein and retinoic acid) is an efficient method for infertility research. We investigate some of the effective factors in differentiation of umbilical cord MSCs to germ cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Epigenetic reprogramming of somatic cells into embryonic stem cells has attracted much attention, because of the potential for stem cell transplantation and compatibility with recipient. However, the therapeutic application of either nuclear transfer or nuclear fusion of somatic cell has been hindered by technical complications as well as ethical objections. Recently, a new method is reported whereby ectopic expression of embryonic specific transcription factors was shown to induce fibroblasts to become embryonic like SCs (induced pluripotent stem cells). A major limitation of this method is the use of potentially harmful genome integrating viruses such as reto- or lentivirus. The main aim of this investigation was generation of human hematopoietic stem cells from induced fibroblasts by safe adenovectors carrying embryonically active genes. Material and Methods: Isolated fibroblasts from foreskin were expanded and recombinant adenoviruses carrying human Sox2, Oct4, Klf4, cMyc genes were added to culture. After formation of embryonic like colonies and cell expansion, they were transferred to embryonic media without bFGF, and embryoid bodies were cultured on stromal and non-stromal differentiation media for 14 days. Results: Expression of CD34 gene and antigenic markers, CD34, CD38 & CD133 in stromal culture showed significant difference with non-differentiation and non-stromal media. Conclusion: These findings show high hematopoietic differentiation rate of Adeno-iPS cells in stromal culture and no need to use growth factors. While, there was no difference between non-differentiation and non-stromal media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can turn into any number of differentiated and specific cell types. For years, stem cell assisted therapy has been accepted as a standard treatment method for the management of some diseases. Scientists hope that this method can be expanded and used for the treatment of other diseases. One of the main concerns in the field of stem cell therapy research is the safety of these cells. This article assessed the safety of using mesenchymal fibroblasts, keratinocytes, melanocytes and skeletal myoblasts in clinical trials. Methods: A systematic search of reliable electronic databases was performed in order to find all articles related to safety of the mentioned cells. After studying all the articles critically, the preliminary results were reviewed and criticized by experts through Delphi method. Ultimately, the final draft was reviewed and approved by all the members of the Regional Research Ethics Committee. Findings: Overall, 62 articles were retrieved and studied. Conclusion: Since we did not find any reports of serious complications for fibroblast, keratinocyte and melanocyte cells, especially about their in-vivo uncontrolled proliferation, it is possible to give ethical approval for research in these fields (considering all ethical codes and principles). However, according to serious complications reported for skeletal myoblast cells transplantation, giving ethical approval for using this cell type in human research requires strict commitment to precise methods (such as inclusion criteria, patient follow-up methods, and prophylactic treatments). The ethical approval should be issued by the research ethics committee of the corresponding university after accurate reviews. Finally, repeating previous research which has resulted in arrhythmia and tissue injury is unethical and thus not recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]