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Background and Aims: The quality of sleep plays a significant role in the academic performance of dental students, especially in the clinical years. Identifying and treating students at risk of sleep disorders can reduce or limit the drop in academic performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the sleep quality and educational performance of Rafsanjan dental Student-Iran. Materials and Methods: The present study was a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study that was conducted among all dental students in Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences - Iran. This study was presented to all dental students in Rafsanjan by online questionnaire method on Pressline website. The questionnaire included demographic information and student number along with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Standard Questionnaire. The Pittsburgh Questionnaire examines the quality of sleep in the range of 0 to 21. The link of the questionnaire was made available to the students through Telegram, and the GPA of the total students was obtained by using the student number from the Vice-Chancellor of University Education. The data were analyzed with SPSS26 software. First, the data were analyzed with Smironov's kermograph test. The results of this test showed that the data distribution is not normal (P<0.05). Due to the non-normality of the data distribution, non-parametric tests such as K-score, MannWhitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman were used. Results: 151 students participated in the questionnaire of which, 73 were men (48.3%) and 78 were women (51.7%). The mean and standard deviation of the age of the subjects studied was 22.11±2.3 years. The overall average sleep quality score of dental students was equal to 8.13, which according to the questionnaire, students experience poor sleep quality. 86.1% of students had poor sleep quality. Examining the correlation between the sleep quality and academic performance showed that there was no significant relationship between them. Sleep quality had no significant relationship with gender, marital status, place of residence, and entry year (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that majority of dental students in Rafsanjan had low sleep quality. Although, there was no relationship between the quality of sleep and academic performance, it seems necessary to pay attention to the sleep status of these students in order to improve their sleep quality, which is an important factor in improving their health by administrators and Rizan health program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Women, due to menstruation, pregnancy, and poor iron intake and absorption, are prone to iron deficiency anemia and its effects. The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of process-based therapy in working memory and sleep quality in women suffering from iron deficiency anemia and generalized anxiety disorder. Materials & Methods: This study utilized a single-case experimental design. For doing so, six female participants suffering from iron deficiency anemia were selected through purposive sampling and received individual process-based therapy during nine 60-minute sessions. In the pre-treatment stage, the participants responded to Newman, Zueling, Kachin, and Constantino's fourth version of the generalized anxiety disorder questionnaire and underwent clinical interviews. They also completed a working memory test and sleep quality questionnaire in baseline stages, third, sixth, and ninth sessions of the intervention, and finally at the 3-month follow-up stages. The data were analyzed using visual analysis, a stable change index, and a recovery percentage formula. Results: The results pointed out that the rates of overall recovery in working memory in the intervention and follow-up stages were 52.95% and 85.43%, respectively. Moreover, the rates of overall recovery in sleep quality in the intervention and follow-up stages were 66.57% and 75.78%, respectively, indicating success in therapy. Conclusion: Process-based therapy improves working memory and increases the sleep quality of participants. Therefore, it is suggested to be used as a method of treatment and complementary to medical treatment to remedy comorbid mental disorders and improve the general performance of people with anemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: Previous reports on the symptoms and quality of life of patients with pituitary adenomas have paid little attention to physical activity. However, numerous studies have shown that physical activity can significantly influence prolactin secretion. Prolactin secretion levels, in turn, can affect various clinical outcomes, including tumor size, sleep quality, and fatigue levels in patients with pituitary adenomas. Given the intricate relationship between these factors, it is crucial to investigate how they interact to impact the overall health and quality of life of these patients. This study aims to bridge this gap by exploring the relationship between tumor size and fatigue levels, sleep quality, and physical activity in patients with pituitary adenomas. Understanding these relationships can provide insights into potential therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes. Materials and methods: A total of 116 patients diagnosed with pituitary adenomas from the Neurosurgery and Internal Medicine departments of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Sari were included in the study via census sampling. The inclusion criteria ensured that all participants had a confirmed diagnosis of pituitary adenoma. Demographic characteristics, tumor size (from patients' imaging records), prolactin levels (from patient records), physical activity levels (using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire), sleep quality (using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and fatigue levels (using the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory 20) were measured using checklists and validated questionnaires. Results: In the present study, 68 participants (58.6%) were female, and 48 (41.4%) were male. A total of 108 participants (93.1%) were aged 55 years or younger, and 8 participants (6.9%) were older than 55, with a mean age of 43.72±7.70 years. Of the participants, 71(61.2%) had prolactinomas, and 39(33.6%) had non-functional tumors. Tumor sizes ranged from 2.1 to 42.9 mm, with a mean size of 16.16±8.71 mm. The mean prolactin level was 561.52±413 ng/mL, with a minimum level of 8 ng/mL and a maximum of 1578 ng/mL. The results showed significant differences in the mean scores of sleep quality (5.81±1.91 vs. 6.73±2.14), fatigue (55.86±8.79 vs. 60.32±8.39), and physical activity (1203.95±258.65 vs. 1085.20±310.99) between patients with microadenomas and macroadenomas (P=0.048, P=0.008, P=0.038). Furthermore, correlation coefficients for age (r=0.415), fatigue (r=0.336), sleep quality (r=0.253), physical activity (r=-0.230), and prolactin (r=0.496) with tumor size were significant. The findings indicated that with increasing age, fatigue scores, sleep quality scores, and prolactin levels, tumor size also increases, while higher physical activity levels are associated with smaller tumor sizes. Additionally, as tumor size increases, prolactin levels, fatigue scores, and sleep quality scores increase, whereas physical activity scores decrease. Conclusion: The study concludes that with increasing age, fatigue and sleep quality scores worsen, but physical activity levels decrease. Moreover, as tumor size increases, prolactin levels, fatigue scores, and sleep quality scores increase, while physical activity scores decrease. An increase in prolactin levels is also associated with increased fatigue.

Background & Aim: Operating room personnel are exposed to all kinds of mental and physical pressures due to the stressful conditions of the work environment, their job duties, and responsibilities. Since the health and mental and physical health of people working in the operating room plays a significant role in the correct performance of duties and effective and safe care of patients; The present study was conducted to determine the level of anxiety, sleep quality, and the relationship between them in operating room and anesthesia nurses. Materials & Methods: This descriptive-cross-sectional study was performed on 254 operating room and anesthesia nurses working in educational and non-educational hospitals. The data was collected using the demographic information questionnaire, the BAI - Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) questionnaire, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The data were then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS software version 22. Results: The findings showed that 40.6% of anesthesia and operating room nurses did not have anxiety, while 32.7% of people had mild anxiety, 21.3% had moderate anxiety, and 5.5% had severe anxiety. 42.1 % of people reported good sleep quality and 57.9 % reported poor sleep quality. Spearman's correlation coefficient showed that there was a significant positive relationship between anxiety and sleep quality (r = 0.37). Conclusion: Due to the correlation between anxiety and sleep quality, it is recommended to regularly monitor the anxiety and sleep quality of the operating room and anesthesia nurses, and if necessary, by determining the cause-and-effect relationship, appropriate intervention measures should be designed to improve the health of operating room and anesthesia nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: Previous reports on the symptoms and quality of life of patients with pituitary adenomas have paid little attention to physical activity. However, numerous studies have shown that physical activity can significantly influence prolactin secretion. Prolactin secretion levels, in turn, can affect various clinical outcomes, including tumor size, sleep quality, and fatigue levels in patients with pituitary adenomas. Given the intricate relationship between these factors, it is crucial to investigate how they interact to impact the overall health and quality of life of these patients. This study aims to bridge this gap by exploring the relationship between tumor size and fatigue levels, sleep quality, and physical activity in patients with pituitary adenomas. Understanding these relationships can provide insights into potential therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes. Materials and methods: A total of 116 patients diagnosed with pituitary adenomas from the Neurosurgery and Internal Medicine departments of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Sari were included in the study via census sampling. The inclusion criteria ensured that all participants had a confirmed diagnosis of pituitary adenoma. Demographic characteristics, tumor size (from patients' imaging records), prolactin levels (from patient records), physical activity levels (using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire), sleep quality (using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and fatigue levels (using the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory 20) were measured using checklists and validated questionnaires. Results: In the present study, 68 participants (58.6%) were female, and 48 (41.4%) were male. A total of 108 participants (93.1%) were aged 55 years or younger, and 8 participants (6.9%) were older than 55, with a mean age of 43.72±7.70 years. Of the participants, 71(61.2%) had prolactinomas, and 39(33.6%) had nonfunctional tumors. Tumor sizes ranged from 2.1 to 42.9 mm, with a mean size of 16.16±8.71 mm. The mean prolactin level was 561.52±413 ng/mL, with a minimum level of 8 ng/mL and a maximum of 1578 ng/mL. The results showed significant differences in the mean scores of sleep quality (5.81±1.91 vs. 6.73±2.14), fatigue (55.86±8.79 vs. 60.32±8.39), and physical activity (1203.95±258.65 vs. 1085.20±310.99) between patients with microadenomas and macroadenomas (P=0.048, P=0.008, P=0.038). Furthermore, correlation coefficients for age (r=0.415), fatigue (r=0.336), sleep quality (r=0.253), physical activity (r=-0.230), and prolactin (r=0.496) with tumor size were significant. The findings indicated that with increasing age, fatigue scores, sleep quality scores, and prolactin levels, tumor size also increases, while higher physical activity levels are associated with smaller tumor sizes. Additionally, as tumor size increases, prolactin levels, fatigue scores, and sleep quality scores increase, whereas physical activity scores decrease. Conclusion: The study concludes that with increasing age, fatigue and sleep quality scores worsen, but physical activity levels decrease. Moreover, as tumor size increases, prolactin levels, fatigue scores, and sleep quality scores increase, while physical activity scores decrease. An increase in prolactin levels is also associated with increased fatigue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of executive functions training program on sleep quality and moral judgment of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all 9-12-year-old boys with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Urmia city in 2022. The sample size includes 30 subjects from the statistical population were selected by available sampling method and they were placed in two control and experimental groups. The research tools included the Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire and the moral judgment Test. The results showed that the training program of executive functions had a significant effect on improving sleep quality and moral judgment in the post-test and follow-up stages. The findings of this research provide useful information related to the executive functions program, and counselors and psychologists can use this intervention to improve sleep quality and moral judgment in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Background & Aims With the increase in the number of older people suffering from metabolic syndrome, the quality of sleep of these people has become a worrying issue that has less been addressed. The current study aims to investigate the metabolic syndrome indicators, sleep disorders, and related factors in older adults with metabolic syndrome in Iran. Materials & Methods This is a descriptive-correlational study with a cross-sectional design that was conducted from June to September 2022. Using a multi-stage cluster sampling method, 298 patients with metabolic syndrome referred to urban health centers in Baghmalek city were selected based on the inclusion criteria (age at least 60 years, diagnosis with metabolic syndrome, having acceptable cognitive and communication ability, and written informed consent). A demographic form and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index were used to collect data. To analyze the collected data, the t-test, analysis of variance, and Chi-square test were used. P

Background and Objective: Menopause is associated with annoying symptoms, such as anxiety and sleep disorders. Acupressure, as one of the methods of complementary medicine, can replace pharmaceutical and hormonal methods. The present study aimed to determine the effect of auricular acupressure on anxiety and sleep quality of postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: This randomized sham-controlled trial was conducted on 107 postmenopausal women in Mashhad in 2019. Using a table of random numbers, the subjects were randomly assigned to three groups, namely one intervention group (with auricular acupressure and granular needle) and two control groups (one without granular needle and acupressure and one with routine care). In the intervention group and the control group without seed, the tapes were attached to both ears at 8 points. The intervention group pressed the points 4 times a day for 3 min each time. Demographic information form, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were completed at the baseline and after one month. Data analysis was performed in SPSS16 software using Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: There is no significant difference between sleep quality and anxiety in the three groups before the intervention (P=0.27 and P=0.95, respectively). However, this difference was significant after the intervention for both sleep quality and anxiety variables in the intervention group compared to the two control groups (P

Background: Considering the importance of primiparous women’s condition in the postpartum period and the need to recognize various physical, psychological, cognitive and social factors in order to address their health status, the present study was designed to determine the relationship of sense of coherence and quality of sleep with symptoms of postpartum depression and mother-infant attachment in primiparous women referring to Lamerd maternity wards in 2021. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 156 primiparous women selected by consensus sampling. Data were collected using a demographic information form, Antonovsky’s sense of coherence scale, Pittsburgh sleep quality index, Edinburgh postnatal depression scale, and the mother-infant attachment scale. The collected data were entered into SPSS, version 24, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and linear regression tests at the significance level of P

Background & Aim: The misuse of opioids is one of the most important problems in today's world, directly affecting the quality sleep for individuals. This study sought to explore the effect of a nursing care program, based on Roy's adaptation model, on the sleep quality of patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment. Methods & Materials: This randomized, single-blind clinical trial was conducted between December 2022 and March 2023, involving 60 opioid abuse patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment at the Addiction Reduction Center in Isfahan. Convenience sampling was employed, with participants allocated randomly using random sequence generation software into the intervention group (n=30) and the control group (n=30). Data was collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire. The intervention comprised a three-month nursing care program based on Roy's adaptation model, while the control group received routine treatments. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26 software, utilizing descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The results showed a significant decrease in the total average score of sleep quality in the intervention group after the intervention, indicating an improvement in sleep quality (P0.05); however, a significant difference was observed after the intervention (P

Introduction: The quality of sleep is a crucial aspect of clinical health, and poor sleep quality is becoming more prevalent among individuals, particularly students. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between cognitive flexibility and self-compassion with sleep quality among students, taking into account the mediating role of emotion regulation.Method: This research is a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population for this study included all students at Guilan University. For this purpose, a sample of 384 people was selected using a non-random sampling method. In order to collect data, a researcher-made demographic questionnaire was used along with Pittsburgh Boyce et al.'s sleep quality questionnaire (1989), Neff's self-compassion questionnaire (2003), Dennis and Vander Wall's cognitive flexibility questionnaire (2010), and Gross and John's emotion regulation questionnaire (2003). Data analysis was conducted using the Pearson correlation method and path analysis with SPSS-27 and Amos-24 software. Results: The analysis revealed a significant relationship among the three variables of cognitive flexibility, self-compassion, and emotion regulation, particularly with the sleep quality re-evaluation subscale (p0.05). The variables of cognitive flexibility, self-compassion, and reappraisal could account for 14 percent of the variance in sleep quality.Discussion and Conclusion: The research results indicate that emotion regulation, particularly the reappraisal subscale, mediates the connection between cognitive flexibility and self-compassion with sleep quality. Therefore, leveraging emotion regulation abilities, especially the reappraisal subscale, can be an effective therapeutic approach to enhance the sleep quality of students.

Background & Aims With the increase in the number of older people suffering from metabolic syndrome, the quality of sleep of these people has become a worrying issue that has less been addressed. The current study aims to investigate the metabolic syndrome indicators, sleep disorders, and related factors in older adults with metabolic syndrome in Iran. Materials & Methods This is a descriptive-correlational study with a cross-sectional design that was conducted from June to September 2022. Using a multi-stage cluster sampling method, 298 patients with metabolic syndrome referred to urban health centers in Baghmalek city were selected based on the inclusion criteria (age at least 60 years, diagnosis with metabolic syndrome, having acceptable cognitive and communication ability, and written informed consent). A demographic form and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index were used to collect data. To analyze the collected data, the t-test, analysis of variance, and Chi-square test were used. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The mean age of participants was 68.65±7.19 years. Almost all participants had high blood sugar. About 86% of them had high blood pressure, and about 73% had abdominal obesity. Also, about 44% had high levels of triglycerides and about 33% had low level of high-density lipoprotein. It was found that 55% of participants had poor sleep quality. The prevalence of poor sleep quality in women and men was 59% and 51%, respectively. There was a significant difference in sleep quality regarding age, gender, marital status, living arrangement, and BMI (P<0.05). Conclusion The poor sleep quality in older people with metabolic syndrome living in Baghmalek city in Iran is high. In the future plans and interventions at the national and local levels for these patients, older age groups, women, widow/widowed people, obese people and those living alone should be prioritized. Also, considering the high prevalence of metabolic syndrome, the health and therapeutic interventions should be focused on controlling diabetes, hypertension, and abdominal obesity in the patients. Preventive measures such as sleep hygiene education and rehabilitation plans should also be considered in this regard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim and background: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy (CFT) on sleep quality and intensity of pain in women with multiple sclerosis. Material and Methods: This study was semi-experimental, with a pretest-posttest and follow-up control group design. Thirty individuals who met the inclusion criteria were selected using purposive sampling from all women with multiple sclerosis in Tabriz in 2023, who were members of the Multiple Sclerosis Association in the city. The sample consisted of 30 individuals who were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups (15 individuals in each group). The measurement tools used were the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the McGill Pain Intensity Questionnaire. The participants in the experimental group received CFT in 8 sessions, each lasting 1.5 hours, while the control group did not receive any treatment. The findings were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: In the pretest, the mean and standard deviation of sleep quality was 17.67±2.49 for the CFT group and 17.00±1.73 for the control group. The intensity of pain was 46.73±4.52 for the CFT group and 45.87±3.94 for the control group (P>0.05). In the post-test, compared to the control group, CFT showed an improvement in sleep quality (14.33±2.28) and a reduction in the intensity of pain (42.00±5.09) in women with multiple sclerosis (P<0.001). These effects of treatment persisted in the follow-up phase (P<0.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that compassion-focused therapy improves sleep quality and reduces the intensity of pain in women with multiple sclerosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim and background: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on pain anxiety and sleep quality in elderly women with multiple sclerosis. Material and Methods: This study was semi-experimental, with a pretest-posttest and follow-up control group design. The statistical population of the study consisted of all elderly women with multiple sclerosis in Tabriz city in 2023. After meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 individuals were selected using the purposive sampling method and randomly divided into two groups, with 15 individuals in each group. The participants in the experimental group received ACT in 8 sessions, each lasting 1.5 hours, while the control group did not receive any treatment. The findings were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: In the pretest, the mean and standard deviation of pain anxiety were 76.00±4.22 for the ACT group and 77.73±4.66 for the control group. Sleep quality scores were 17.67±2.49 for the ACT group and 17.00±1.73 for the control group (P>0.05). The results showed that ACT was effective in reducing pain anxiety (70.93±3.95) and improving sleep quality (14.53±2.38) in elderly women with multiple sclerosis (P<0.001). These effects of treatment persisted in the follow-up phase (P<0.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy reduces pain anxiety and improves sleep quality in elderly women with multiple sclerosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Aim: The postpartum period is accompanied by rapid physiological changes that expose mothers to sleep pattern disturbances and threaten the health of mothers and their infants. In order to maintain and improve mental health and sleep quality in this era, it is necessary to empower mothers with a suitable model. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate and compare the effects of family-centered and individual-centered empowerment programs on the sleep quality and mental health of primiparous women in the postpartum period. Materials & Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on two groups, from late 2019 to June 2020. After sampling using the convenience method, 86 women were randomly assigned to either the family-centered or individual-centered group. The research tools included a demographic information questionnaire, a questionnaire on personal and environmental factors affecting fatigue and sleep, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the General Health Questionnaire. In the family-centered group, the empowerment program was implemented based on the four-stage model of perceived threat, self-efficacy enhancement, self-esteem, and assessment of quality of life components for primiparous mothers in the postpartum period, along with their spouse and infant. However, in the individualcentered group, the mothers were the only ones undergoing the intervention. In the three stages prior to the intervention and one month after the intervention, sleep quality and mental health questionnaires were completed by the research units. Finally, the data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical tests, including the Mann-Whitney, Friedman, Wilcoxon, and Smirnov-Kolmogorov tests, using SPSS-21 software due to the non-normal distribution of the data. Results: The results of the study showed that the sleep quality score and mental health score of primiparous women after delivery in the two family-centered and individual-centered empowerment groups did not show any significant statistical differences before and immediately after the intervention(P>0.05). However, one month after the intervention, in the family-centered group, both research variables had significantly improved(P<0.05). Conclusion: Postpartum empowerment of primparous women using family-centered and individualcentered patterns lead to improvements in their sleep quality and mental health. Empowerment with family support plays a more effective role. Therefore, empowerment programs should be implemented with the support of spouses and key family members during pregnancy and continued in postpartum care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Aim: The misuse of opioids is one of the most important problems in today's world, directly affecting the quality sleep for individuals. This study sought to explore the effect of a nursing care program, based on Roy's adaptation model, on the sleep quality of patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment. Methods & Materials: This randomized, single-blind clinical trial was conducted between December 2022 and March 2023, involving 60 opioid abuse patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment at the Addiction Reduction Center in Isfahan. Convenience sampling was employed, with participants allocated randomly using random sequence generation software into the intervention group (n=30) and the control group (n=30). Data was collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire. The intervention comprised a three-month nursing care program based on Roy's adaptation model, while the control group received routine treatments. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26 software, utilizing descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The results showed a significant decrease in the total average score of sleep quality in the intervention group after the intervention, indicating an improvement in sleep quality (P<0.001). Before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in the total average score of sleep quality between the intervention and control groups (P>0.05); however, a significant difference was observed after the intervention (P<0.001). Conclusion: The findings indicate that the nursing care program based on Roy's adaptation model is effective in improving the sleep quality of patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment. Therefore, this model can provide a promising framework for delivering care to such patients. Clinical trial registry: IRCT20141127020108N6 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives Sleep disorders are among the most common problems in the elderly. Guided imagery is a non-pharmacological treatment that can be effective in treating these problems and improving the health of the elderly. This study aims to determine the effect of guided imagery therapy on sleep quality and general health of older adults suffering from sleep disorders. Methods & Materials This is an interventional study on 70 older adults aged >60 years referred to a health center in Ardabil, Iran in 2021. They were selected using a convenience sampling method and were randomly allocated to the intervention (n=35) and control (n=35) groups after obtaining informed consent. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and Goldberg’s general health questionnaire (GHQ) were used before and after the intervention for data collection. The control group received the routine care, while the intervention group received the guided imagery therapy as well by listening to an audio file. Data analysis was done in SPSS software, version 22. Results There was no significant difference in the mean score of PSQI and GHQ between the two groups before the intervention (P>0.05). However, a significant difference was observed in sleep quality (P≤0.001) and general health (except for severe depression and social dysfunction domains) after the intervention (P≤0.05). Conclusion Guided imagery is efficient in improving sleep quality and general health of the elderly with sleep disorders and can be used as a non-pharmacological nursing intervention.

Introduction: Pregnant women due to hormonal and physical changes in pregnancy face many problems, such as sleep disorders, which creates stress, tension and anxiety. Due to limitation of drug consumption during pregnancy, it is possible to use non-pharmacological methods to improve this situation, which can point to Benson's relaxation and mindfulness. Therefore, the present study was conducted with aim to determine and compare the effect of Benson's relaxation and mindfulness on the sleep quality of pregnant women. Methods: : In this single-blind randomized clinical trial study which was conducted in 2022, 102 pregnant women from Shiraz city with low sleep quality were allocated to one of the three groups of Benson relaxation, mindfulness and control by using the random block allocation method. The data related to the quality of sleep was checked through the Pittsburgh questionnaire before and one month after the intervention. The interventions were carried out in 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 21) and Chi-square, ANOVA, Tukey's post hoc test and paired t-test. P0.05). The mean total scores of sleep quality before the intervention in the three groups of Benson's relaxation, mindfulness and control were 7.08±1.83, 7.52±2.77 and 6.76±2.27, respectively, and after the intervention were 3.52±3.23, 2.73±2.24 and 6.91±2.19, respectively; there was a significant difference between the two intervention groups and the control group after the intervention (p

Background and purpose: Poor sleep quality is one of the most common problems in older population. Sleep disorder has negative effects on physical, mental, and social aspects of their life and influences their quality of life. This study was carried out to assess the sleep quality and its related factors in older adults. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in older adults aged 60 years and over living in Amol, north of Iran who were willing to participate in the study, did not have Alzheimer's disease and major depression, and could respond to questions. They were selected via multi-stage random sampling. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), SF36 Quality Of Life Questionnaire, and Physical Activity Scale For The Elderly (PASE) were used for data collection. A trained researcher filled out the research questionnaires. Results: Among 401 participants, 191 (47.6%) were women and 276 (68.8%) people were living in urban areas. Findings showed that 192 (47.9%) people had poor sleep quality. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed significant relationships between sleep quality and taking sleeping drugs (adjusted OR: 6.57, 95% CI: 2.95-14.60, P=0.001), female gender (aOR: 5.40, 95% CI: 2.81-10.36, P=0.001), and depression (aOR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.21-1.00, P=0.05), and also between physical (aOR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-1.01, P=0.05) and mental (aOR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-0.99, P=0.05) aspects of life. Conclusion: Findings revealed a high prevalence of poor sleep quality in the elderly which was associated with female gender, taking sleeping drugs, and depression. So, appropriate interventions are suggested to improve sleep quality in older adults.

Background and Objective: Sleep is a vital need for humans. Industrial workers are among the people who suffer from insomnia and sleep problems due to their rotating shifts. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep quality and the quality of life of industrial workers with rotating shifts. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted on 234 industrial workers. Data were collected using a demographic information questionnaire, a short form of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The collected data were analyzed by Pearson correlation tests, independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance in SPSS software (version 24). Results: The mean and standard deviation of the age of the participants was 31.6±5.7 years. The mean and standard deviation of WHOQOL-BREF and PSQI scores were 66.5±11.3 and 5.8±1.6, respectively. There was a statistically significant correlation between sleep quality and quality of life of the studied workers (r=-0.31 and P

Objectives This study aims to assess the effect of music therapy (MT) and sleep hygiene (SH) education on sleep disorders of the elderly in Urmia, Iran. Methods & Materials This is a randomized controlled clinical trial. Participants were 150 older adults referred to health centers in Urmia, Iran. They were divided into three groups of SH+MT, SH, and control using the block randomization method. To measure their sleep quality, the standard Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was used. The intervention was conducted for two months. Data analysis was conducted in SPSS software, version 21. To know the baseline difference in the qualitative variables among the three groups, chi-square test was used. Kolmogorov Smirnov test was used to check the normality of data distribution and then one-way ANOVA test was used to compare the seven dimensions of PSQI among the three groups. Results The comparison of seven PSQI dimensions showed that subjective sleep quality (F=14.34, P=0.0001), sleep latency (F=10.05, P=0.0001), sleep duration (F=21.91, P=0.0001), habitual sleep efficiency (F=24.98, P=0.0001), sleep disturbances (F=15.37, P=0.0001), use of sleep medication (F=1.840, P=0.04) and daytime drowsiness (F=1.181, P=0.02) were significantly different among the three groups. The combination of SH education and MT improved the sleep quality of participants more than the SH education alone. Conclusion It seems that sleep disorders of the elderly can be reduced by teaching sleep hygiene and listening to favorite music before going to sleep.

Background and Aims: Improving executive functions through play is one of the ways to improve learning in children with learning problems, whose definite effectiveness needs clinical investigation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of teaching children's executive functions through play combined with transdiagnostic interventions of mothers' emotional problems on anxiety, depression, and sleep quality of these children. Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental research was conducted with a pretest-posttest and follow-up (two months) design on 42 children aged 7 to 9 years in two experimental groups and one control group. Experiment groups received the training of executive functions in a game way. The mothers of the children in the 2nd experimental group were taught the integrated protocol of transdiagnostic interventions, while the mothers of the 1st experimental group did not receive training as they were considered the control group of mothers in the 2nd experimental group. The data were analyzed in SPSS version 25 software using the analysis of variance test with repeated measures (α=0.05). Results: Significant differences were observed between the intervention groups and the control group in the variable of sleep quality in the follow-up and post-test phase (P

Aim and background: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on sleep quality & pain intensity of women with migraine. Material and Methods: This study was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest & follow-up control group design. The statistical population of the research consisted of all women suffering from migraine in Tabriz city in 2023. In total, 30 person meeting the inclusion criteria were selected by purposeful sampling, and The were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups (15 people each). The measurement tools were Pittsburgh sleep quality and McGill pain intensity questionnaires. The members of the experimental group received MBCT in 8 sessions of 1.5 hours; but the control group did not receive any treatment. Analysis of findings through repeated measures analysis of variance test. Results: In the pretest, mean and standard deviation of the MBCT for sleep quality (17.60±2.53) and for pain intensity (46.87±4.61), and in control group for sleep quality (17.00±2.03) and for intensity of pain (45.80±3.89) (P>0.05). MBCT compared to the control group the sleep quality (14.13±2.20) and intensity of pain (41.93±5.04) of women with migraine improved and decreased respectively in the post-test (p<0.001). In the follow-up phase, the effect of treatment on the sleep quality and intensity of pain was lasting (p<0.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy has increased sleep quality and reduced the intensity pain of women with migraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Traffic noise annoyance is one of the consequences of urban life which can have adverse effects on human health including sleep quality. The present study intends to investigate the extent of noise annoyance and its relationship with sleep quality of residents adjacent to high- and low-traffic roads in Yazd city in 2019. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2019 in Yazd. Data were collected using two standard questionnaires of assessing noise annoyance and Pittsburgh sleep quality. Responses were collected from residents around 10 high- and low-traffic roads, and a total of 200 samples were obtained randomly. Results: The mean score of sleep quality for all participants was 11.5 ± 35.25, and the mean score of noise annoyance was 3.73± 1.9. There was a significant difference between the average quality of sleep and the score of noise annoyance in terms the type of road (P/00.001). In general, there was also a significant and direct correlation between noise annoyance and sleep quality (r = 0.569, P = 0.001). But, the correlation between these two variables was not significant with the separation of the types of roads. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the quality of sleep of residents around high traffic roads is moderate, which suggests that noise annoyance caused by traffic affects the quality of sleep. In other words, the noise annoyance caused by traffic has reduced the quality of sleep in people living adjacent to high-traffic roads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: While a variety of emotional, personality, cognitive, and behavioral factors are linked to sleep quality during adolescence, a comprehensive understanding of these factors remains elusive . Aim: The present study aimed to explore the mediating role of adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies in the relationship between anxiety sensitivity, neuroticism, dysfunctional attitudes towards sleep, and sleep quality among second -year high school adolescents . Method: The statistical population of this correlational study, which employed structural equation modeling, consisted of all second -year high school students (boys and girls) in Damghan, Iran, during the 2020 -2021 academic year. A sample of 329 adolescents was selected through a multi - stage cluster sampling method. To measure the variables under study, the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale (1993), the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (1986), the Children's Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (2003), and the Sleep Quality Questionnaire (1989) were administered. The collected data was analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient test and structural equation modeling in SPSS -22 and AMOS -24 . Results: The present results indicated the good fit of the research model for the data. Both adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies were found to mediate the relationship between the sleep quality of adolescents and anxiety sensitivity, neuroticism, and dysfunctional attitudes and beliefs about sleep (P<0.001) . Conclusion: According to the findings, neuroticism, anxiety sensitivity, and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies are linked to a poor sleep quality. Conversely, adaptive emotion regulation strategies are associated with a higher sleep quality. Emotion regulation strategies were found to mediate the relationship between sleep quality and factors, such as anxiety sensitivity, neuroticism, and dysfunctional attitudes and beliefs about sleep. Mental health professionals are advised to consider the components examined in this study as they can play a crucial role in enhancing the sleep quality of adolscentse . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives Poor sleep quality is common among patients with diabetes. It has destructive effects on physical and mental health as well as quality of life. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the sleep quality of patients with myocardial infarction in two diabetic and non-diabetic groups. Subjects and Methods This descriptive and analytical study was conducted in 1402. 282 patients with myocardial infarction were included in the study as available. The data collection tool was a demographic information and standard sleep quality questionnaire. The data was analyzed in SPSS version 26 using descriptive and analytical statistics. The significance level of the tests in this study was evaluated with P<0.05. Results The mean and standard deviation of age in diabetic group patients was 58.19±10.02. The type of myocardial infarction (p=0.3) and the level of education (p=0.2) were not significantly different between the two groups. The results of the Mann-Whitney test showed that the subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, daytime dysfunction, and the overall sleep score in the two diabetic and non-diabetic groups had statistically significant differences (p-value <0.05). Conclusion The results of this study showed that the subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, daytime dysfunction and overall sleep score of patients with myocardial infarction were different in diabetic and non-diabetic groups. Therefore, it is recommended to create appropriate strategies to improve the treatment of these patients and effective training on improving their sleep quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic have led to some psychological disorders and sleep problems that should be taken into account after recovery. After recovering from COVID-19 people are at risk of sleep disorders, depression, and low quality of life and there is paucity of information about this issue. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness and aerobic exercise on depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and sleep quality in recovered COVID-19 patients. Materials and methods: An intervention field research was performed in 60 male and female patients (mean age: 39.52±5.82) recovered from COVID-19 in Kermanshah, Iran. Participants were randomly divided into four groups (n=15): 1) attending mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program, 2) aerobic exercise, 3) combination of MBSR and aerobic exercise, and 4) control group. The study was carried out at four stages: pre-test, interventions, post-test, and follow-up test. Dependent variables included depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and sleep quality. Bonferroni Post hoc test in 4*3 mixed ANOVA was used for data analysis. Results: In this study, depression and perceived stress reduced in all experimental groups compared to the control group (P= 0.001). Also, sleep quality improved in these groups compared to the control group (P= 0.001). Post hoc tests showed the superiority of combination of MBSR and aerobic exercise compared to other interventions. Conclusion: According to current study, combination of MBSR and physical activity shows to be more helpful than mindfulness training and physical activity alone in improving psychological problems and sleep quality after recovering from COVID-19.

Aim and Background: Defects in cognitive control and response inhibition along with disturbance in sleep quality have been observed in people with anxiety symptoms. Based on this, the present study aims to investigate the role of response inhibition, cognitive control and sleep quality in predicting the symptoms of male adolescent anxiety disorders were investigated. Methods and Materials: The method of the current research was quantitative and correlational. The statistical population of the present study was made up of all male students of the second year of high school in Tehran in the second semester of 1400-1401, out of which 290 people were selected by available sampling method. To collect data from the Go/No Go task (GO/NO GO) by Hoffman (1984), the Cognitive Control and Flexibility Questionnaire (CCFQ) by Gabers et al. (2018), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale (PSQI) by Bayse et al. (1989), and the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) March et al. (1997) were used. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression. Findings: The results showed that inappropriate response inhibition and low sleep quality have a significant positive relationship with the symptoms of anxiety disorders, and cognitive control has a significant negative relationship with it. Also, response inhibition, cognitive control and sleep quality explain 40.6% of the variance of the symptoms and signs of anxiety disorders. Conclusions: Based on the mentioned results, it can be concluded that response inhibition, cognitive control, and sleep quality as effective factors on the symptoms and signs of anxiety disorders in adolescents should be considered by specialists and therapists.

Background & aim: The medical staff involved in the fight against the Covid-19 disease experience high physical and mental pressures. In this regard, it is necessary to investigate the psychological symptoms of healthcare workers at risk and compare them with other populations. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of comparing psychological symptoms in the medical staff of specialized medical centers with the medical staff of non-specific Corona centers. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of a comparative type that was conducted from August to December 2021. The statistical population was all the medical staff of specific and non-specific Corona medical centers of hospitals in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmed state in 2021. 169 of them were selected using the available sampling method. Questionnaires for demographic information, patient health (PHQ-9), generalized anxiety (GAD-7), and Pittsburgh sleep quality (PSQI) was used. SPSS-25 statistical software, descriptive indices, independent t-test, and chi-square (chi-square) test were used for data analysis. Results: 97 people (57.40%) of the participants were in special medical centers for Corona and 72 people (42.60%) were in non-specific medical centers for Corona. There was a significant difference between the research groups in terms of the participant infected with Corona (P

Aim and Background: COVID-19 is an international concern for public health. The emergence of the emerging and pervasive disease, in addition to threatening physical health, has also affected mental health. The aim of this study was to study the quality of sleep based on the prevalence of Quaid 19 disease in social network users in Iran. Methods and Materials: The present study was descriptive and survey. The statistical population was all Telegram and WhatsApp users. 443 people were selected as available sampling method. To collect data from Online Questionnaire Pittsburgh Sleep Quality (PSQI) used. Findings: The findings showed that the mean and standard deviation of sleep quality among the respondents was equal to (8.44±11.02), which was about 53.3% with poor sleep quality and 46.7% with proper sleep quality. Sleep delays (77.4%), sleep performance (85.6%), sleep disorders (67.7%) had the highest rate of inappropriate quality, while mental quality of sleep (32.1) and drug use (13.1) They were of good quality. Sleep delay and sleep disturbances were also higher in women than men. The mental quality of sleep, sleep efficiency, and daily dysfunction among married people are significantly higher than for single people. Conclusions: The Covid-19 virus affects sleep quality components so that people who have experienced corona, with the exception of sleep efficiency, perform less well in other components of sleep quality. Sleep quality is significantly higher in people without chronic illness. Sleep quality is significantly lower among people with parents with chronic disease than people without parents with chronic disease.

Introduction and purpose: Nurses' fatigue is defined as a mental and multidimensional feeling of fatigue that is physically and mentally penetrating and may even remain despite periods of rest. In addition to fatigue, nurses suffer from lack of sleep and its poor quality more than other occupational groups. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between occupational fatigue and sleep quality in nurses. Methods: This was a correlational and cross-sectional descriptive study that was conducted at Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, in 2021. A total of 277 nurses were included in the study after random stratified sampling and obtaining the code of ethics. The required data were collected by Swedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and analyzed in SPSS-23 software using descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: The mean scores of the nurses' age and work experience were obtained at 28.75 ± 4.8 years and 5.66 ± 4.6 years, respectively. In total, 68.6% of the nurses were women. The mean of the total occupational fatigue score was 53.18 ± 22.5, which was evaluated at a lower-than-average level. The mean of nurses' sleep quality was 18.14 ± 1.77, which indicated poor sleep quality in nurses. There was an inverse and significant relationship between the score of occupational fatigue and all its dimensions and sleep quality. Conclusion: The level of occupational fatigue in nurses was lower than the average and their sleep quality was poor, and with the increase in occupational fatigue, the quality of sleep decreased. It is suggested to implement individual and organizational solutions to reduce and eliminate occupational fatigue and improve sleep quality.

Background: Considering the importance of primiparous women’s condition in the postpartum period and the need to recognize various physical, psychological, cognitive and social factors in order to address their health status, the present study was designed to determine the relationship of sense of coherence and quality of sleep with symptoms of postpartum depression and mother-infant attachment in primiparous women referring to Lamerd maternity wards in 2021. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 156 primiparous women selected by consensus sampling. Data were collected using a demographic information form, Antonovsky’s sense of coherence scale, Pittsburgh sleep quality index, Edinburgh postnatal depression scale, and the mother-infant attachment scale. The collected data were entered into SPSS, version 24, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and linear regression tests at the significance level of P<0.05. Results: The mean age of the mothers participating in the research was 27.10±5.25 years; 62.8% of them had vaginal deliveries, and most of them had bachelor's degrees. Mothers’ quality of sleep was rated as very poor in 65.4% of them. The mean score of the overall sense of coherence was 132.53±18.78, depression symptoms 12.09±2.79, the mean score of mother-infant attachment was 65.19±11.60. The multiple linear regression showed that for one unit increase in the sense of coherence score, the mother-infant attachment score increases by 0.19, and one unit increase in the level of household income towards optimal income is associated with an increase of 3.78 in the mother-infant attachment score. Also, for one unit increase in the sense of coherence score, the depression symptoms’ score decreases by 0.04 and the mother’s being employed is associated with a decrease of 0.86 in the score of depression symptoms. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that there is a relationship between the sense of coherence and the symptoms of depression and mother-infant attachment in primiparous women referring to maternity wards in Lamerd. Future studies are recommended to implement appropriate interventions to improve the sense of coherence in this group of mothers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: Poor sleep quality is one of the most common problems in older population. Sleep disorder has negative effects on physical, mental, and social aspects of their life and influences their quality of life. This study was carried out to assess the sleep quality and its related factors in older adults. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in older adults aged 60 years and over living in Amol, north of Iran who were willing to participate in the study, did not have Alzheimer's disease and major depression, and could respond to questions. They were selected via multistage random sampling. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), SF36 Quality Of Life Questionnaire, and Physical Activity Scale For The Elderly (PASE) were used for data collection. A trained researcher filled out the research questionnaires. Results: Among 401 participants, 191 (47.6%) were women and 276 (68.8%) people were living in urban areas. Findings showed that 192 (47.9%) people had poor sleep quality. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed significant relationships between sleep quality and taking sleeping drugs (adjusted OR: 6.57, 95% CI: 2.95-14.60, P=0.001), female gender (aOR: 5.40, 95% CI: 2.81-10.36, P=0.001), and depression (aOR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.21-1.00, P=0.05), and also between physical (aOR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-1.01, P=0.05) and mental (aOR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-0.99, P=0.05) aspects of life. Conclusion: Findings revealed a high prevalence of poor sleep quality in the elderly which was associated with female gender, taking sleeping drugs, and depression. So, appropriate interventions are suggested to improve sleep quality in older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Emotional intelligence as the ability to understand emotions in self and others, is recognized as underlying success in various aspects. Objective This study aimed to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and sleep quality in female high school students. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 284 female high school students in Rasht in 2019- 2020, selected by cluster sampling. Demographic, the Bar-On emotional intelligence, and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) questionnaires were completed online by the participants. Data were analyzed by IBM SPSS statistics software, version 22 using Spearman’s correlation coefficient and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results The Mean age of participants was 13.94±0.95 years, and the mean previous grade point average (GPA) of participants was 19.61±0.89. The Mean total score of students’ emotional intelligence and sleep quality were 334.95±42.82 and 4.71±3.20, respectively. There was a significant negative correlation between the total score of emotional intelligence and sleep quality (r=-0.427 and P<0.001). Also, 31% of the subjects had poor sleep quality (95% CI, 25.7%-36.6%), and the multiple logistic regression showed an inverse relationship between poor sleep quality and emotional intelligence score (OR=0.98, P<0.001). There was no association between demographic variables and sleep quality (P>0.05). Conclusion About a third of female students had poor sleep quality. There was a significant relationship between sleep quality and emotional intelligence. Therefore, poor sleep quality was associated with lower emotional intelligence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nurses, especially nurses in the intensive care unit, experience significant job stress that can endanger their health and cause a decrease in their sleep quality and happiness, and as a result, the quality of care for patients, and considering that the working conditions of the nurses in the intensive care unit Especially, it is in a way that increases emotional pressure and sad mood. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of online Pilates exercise on the quality of sleep and happiness of nurses in the intensive care unit. The study was a quasi-experimental type of pre-test-post-test with two intervention and control groups and was conducted on 70 female nurses with an average age of 30.14±3.26. The intervention was held online in 8 sessions (3 sessions per week, 50 minutes in the afternoon in the form of warm-up exercises, main exercises and cooling down). Data were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality and Oxford Happiness Questionnaires and analyzed with spss 23 software and chi-square, t-test, and Mann-Whitney tests. At the beginning of the study, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. But at the end of the intervention, the average score of total sleep quality (p=0.045) and happiness (p=0.0001) showed a significant improvement in the intervention group. To improve physical and mental health, improve the quality of life, sleep and happiness, classical Pilates exercise can be recommended to be included in daily programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Sleep is a vital need for humans. Industrial workers are among the people who suffer from insomnia and sleep problems due to their rotating shifts. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep quality and the quality of life of industrial workers with rotating shifts. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted on 234 industrial workers. Data were collected using a demographic information questionnaire, a short form of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The collected data were analyzed by Pearson correlation tests, independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance in SPSS software (version 24). Results: The mean and standard deviation of the age of the participants was 31.6+5.7 years. The mean and standard deviation of WHOQOL-BREF and PSQI scores were 66.5+11.3 and 5.8+1.6, respectively. There was a statistically significant correlation between sleep quality and quality of life of the studied workers (r=-0.31 and P<0.001). Individuals in older age groups and more work experience had lower quality of sleep and quality of life. Moreover, females and married people experienced lower quality of sleep and quality of life, compared to males and single people, respectively. Conclusion: Insufficient sleep quality as an effective factor can decrease the quality of life of workers. Since delays in falling asleep and sleep disorders are mentioned as two factors affecting the sleep quality of workers in this research, managers and supervisors should make arrangements to optimize work shifts according to the circadian cycle with proper planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Traffic accidents are one of the most important challenges metropolises face, which impose significant costs on them every year. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of accidents and the factors affecting them among city taxi drivers in Kermanshah, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, 320 male urban taxi drivers in Kermanshah were investigated in 2018. The required data were collected using a multi-part questionnaire including demographic and occupational characteristics, a visual analog scale for fatigue, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. To analyze the data, non-parametric statistical tests and logistic regression models were employed by using SPSS software (version 25). Results: The frequency of accidents among urban taxi drivers of Kermanshah was 38.3% (n=123). Significant differences were observed in the variables of work experience, fatigue level, and smoking among drivers with and without accidents (P

Background & objectives: Obesity and vitamin D (VD) deficiency is associated with poor sleep quality (SQ), and lifestyle changes can effectively improve SQ. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high- intensity interval running training (HIIRT) with VD intake on the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and SQ in young women with VD deficiency. Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted on 52 women with an average age of 25.98±1.95 years, body mass index of 27.54±1.13 kg/m2 and low VD status. After being selected by the available sampling method, the subjects were randomly divided into control, running training, VD and combined groups. HIIT performed in 12x1-min running bouts at 80-90% HRmax interspersed with one minute of active recovery. VD was consumed weekly with a dose of 50,000 units. SQ was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with repeated measures, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and paired t- test (p

Background & Aim: Chest pain is one of the main symptoms of acute coronary syndrome, and sleep disorders are among common problems in these patients. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Curcuma Longa on chest pain and sleep quality in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Methods & Materials: This triple-blind clinical trial was conducted on 270 patients in the Coronary Care Unit of Kowsar Hospital in Semnan, with random allocation to three groups (intervention, placebo and control) in 2020-2021. The intervention group received 500 mg of Curcuma Longa tablets and the placebo group received 500 mg of starch, Oisel and lactose tablets at 9 a.m. after breakfast once a day for 3 days. The control group received daily interventions. Chest pain was assessed using the pain assessment tool before the intervention and half an hour after the intervention for 3 consecutive days. Sleep quality was evaluated by the standardized sleep quality questionnaire of Saint Mary's Hospital in the morning of the first day before the intervention and in the morning of the second and third days after the intervention. Results: There was no significant difference in the average reduction of chest pain intensity from the first to the third day between the groups (P>0.05). But there was a significant difference in the chest pain intensity within the intervention, placebo and control groups (P0.05). The average score of sleep quality before the intervention in the intervention group was higher than that of in the placebo group (P=0.021), but on the second and third days of the intervention, it was lower in the intervention group compared to the placebo (P

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder that can be stimulated and intensified by psychological factors such as anxiety and negative imotions and affects the quality of life of these patients. But can help the behavioral cognitive and acceptance and commitment interventions on improve the qulailty of life and emotional schemas in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with generalized anxiety disorder? Aims: The aim of study was the efficacy of behavioral cognitive and acceptance and commitment interventions on qulailty of life and emotional schemas in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with generalized anxiety disorder. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest and posttest design with a control group and follow up for three months. The statistical population included patients with irritable bowel syndrome and generalized anxiety disorder in Tehran. 60 patients were selected through targeted sampling and were assigned randomly into two experimental groups and one control group (n= 20 each). Experimental groups received twelve 90-minute sessions of behavioral cognitive (Dugas & Robichaud, 2007) and acceptance and commitment (Eifert & Forsyth, 1396) interventions, and the control group received no intervention during this period. Participants were assessed by Patrick & Drossman's IBS Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (1998) and Jiang & et.al emotional schemas questionnaire (2019) in pre-test and post-test. The results were analysed using multivariate analysis of variance. Results: Both interventions had a significant effect on improve the quality of life and emotional schemas (P

Background: Although numerous factors are at play at different cognitive, personality trait, emotional, and behavioral levels in sleep quality in adolescents, the wider picture is still unclear. Aims: This study aimed to predict sleep quality in adolescents based on dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep, neuroticism, Internet addiction, and anxiety sensitivity mediated by emotion regulation strategies and mindfulness. Methods: Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used in this study. The statistical population included all female and male senior high school students in Damghan, Iran in the 2020–21 academic year. Three hundred and twenty nine adolescents were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Research instruments were Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep (DBAS) (Morin et al., 1993), NEO Five-Factor Inventory, Short Form (NEO-FFI-SF) (Costa and McCrae, 1989), Internet Addiction Test (IAT) (Young, 1998), Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI) (Reiss, Peterson, Gursky, and McNally, 1986), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (ERQ–CA) (Gross and John, 2003), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) (Ryan and Brown, 2003), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) (Buysse et al., 1989). The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and SEM. Results: The findings showed that mindfulness and adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies mediated the relationship of neuroticism, anxiety sensitivity, dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep, and Internet addiction with sleep quality (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be said that the structural model of the research had a good fit and hence Clinical therapists specializing in adolescents’ mental health are recommended to take into consideration the role of these components.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in sleep quality of students with test anxiety. Materials and Methods: The study population included all in the academic year of 2015-2016. In the present study, 150 high school female students in Birjand-Iran, completed the Sarason Test Anxiety Questionnaire. Thirty-six students were randomly selected among students with anxiety scores above 20 and divided into three groups. Then, they fulfilled the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (1989). One group received Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), and another group received cognitive therapy based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). The control group did not receive any treatment. Data were analyzed using MANCOVA, and SPSS version 22. Results: The results indicated that sleep problems were decreased significantly in both experimental groups (P< 0.05). In addition, the effectiveness of MBCT was significantly higher than ACT (P< 0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy effectively improved sleep quality in students with test anxiety.

Introduction: The quality of sleep and physical activity is specially important in the quality of life of the elderly. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between sleep quality and quality of life of the elderly with cardiovascular disease referred to Ali Ebn Abi Taleb Hospital in Rafsanjan City in 2021. Methods: In this descriptive study, the participants of the study included all the cardiovascular elderly patients referred to Ali Ebn Abi Taleb Hospital in Rafsanjan City in the first 6 months of 2021. A total of 292 people were selected as the sample using purposive sampling method. Data collection tools included three standard questionnaires, including Baecke physical activity, Petersburg sleep quality and Ware and Sherbourne quality of life (SF-36). Independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance and chi-square test were used to analyze the data. The SPSS software version 16 used was for analyzing the data. Results: The results showed that with increasing physical activity, the quality of life also increases and with increasing the quality of sleep, the quality of life increased. There was also a significant correlation between psychological quality of life with physical activity (P

Objectives Aging is one of the important stages of human development. Death anxiety and sleep quality are among the most common mental health issues in the elderly which can be improved by proper intervention. This study aims to assess the effect of self-healing training on sleep quality and death anxiety of older women living in nursing homes. Methods & Materials This is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest/posttest/follow-up phase. The study population consists of all older women aged 60-70 years living in a nursing home in Isfahan, Iran in 2020. Of these, 40 were selected using a convenience sampling method and based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention (n=20) and control (n=20). They were assessed by the Collett-Lester Fear of Death Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index before, immediately after, and 45 days after the intervention. The intervention group received a 12-session self-healing intervention while the control group was placed in a waiting list without receiving any intervention. The results were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS software, version 24. Results The self-healing training significantly improved the components of death anxiety (fear of own death, fear of the process of own dying, fear of the death of others, and fear of the process of others dying) and some of sleep quality components (subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep disturbances, and use of sleeping medication) (P 0.05). Conclusion The self-healing training can reduce perceived death anxiety and improve sleep quality of older women living in nursing homes. It can be used as an effective educational method for improving the lifestyle and mental health of older women living in nursing homes.

Objective Restless legs syndrome is a neurological condition associated with an irresistible urge to move the legs and eventually leads to discomfort, sleep disorders, and reduced quality of life. Restless legs syndrome is common in the elderly, whose health improvement is an important healthcare issue. This study aimed to determine the effect of hot water bags on the severity of restless legs syndrome and sleep quality in the elderly. Methods The study has a quasi-experimental design. In this research, 88 elderly people were selected based on purposive sampling. Then they were randomly assigned to the experimental (n=44) and control (n=44) groups. The intervention group received a hot water bag on the leg, and the control group received routine care. Data collection tools were the demographic questionnaire, the restless legs syndrome rating scale, and the Pittsburgh sleeps quality index. The questionnaires were completed as a self-report. Data were analyzed with the independent t test and paired t test using SPSS. Results The Mean±SD scores of restless legs syndrome were 16.7±0.46 in the experimental group and 16.50±1.17 in the control group before the intervention, which was not significantly different (P=0.32). The Mean±SD scores of restless legs syndrome were 10.68±1.52 in the experimental group and 15.55±1.79 in the control group after the intervention, which was significantly different (P=0.0001). In addition, the mean ± SD scores of sleep quality were 8.3±1.5 and 10.42±1.89 in the control group and the experimental group after the intervention, which showed a significant difference (P=0.0001). Conclusion Findings showed that the hot water bag application reduces the severity of restless legs syndrome and improves sleep quality. Therefore, a hot water bag is especially recommended for the elderly, as it is cheap, accessible, and acceptable.

Introduction: Sleep disorder is one of the common disorders during pregnancy and it is important to identify effective interventions to improve the health of pregnant women. The present study was conducted aimed to determine the effect of acupressure on the sleep quality of pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy.Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted in 2018 on 60 pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy referring to the health centers in Hamedan city. The study tools were Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire and Visual Linear Pain Scale Questionnaire. The subjects were placed in two groups of test and control. In the test group, acupressure was applied to real points for 3 weeks, and in the control group, acupressure was applied to false points for 3 weeks. Both groups completed the visual linear pain scale questionnaire before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software (version 18) and Mann-Whitney, Fisher's exact and repeated measurement analysis. P

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of death in the world and psychological components play an important role in cardiovascular diseases. Aim: The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mindful self-compassion treatment to sleep quality, rumination and self-compassion in people with cardiovascular diseases. Method: The study method was a clinical trial with a control group. The statistical population included all patients who had sought professional help in Imam Ali and Imam Reza hospitals in Kermanshah from October-December 2020. Using purposive sampling method, 20 people were randomly assigned to the two groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions of mindful self-compassion treatment and the control group received a CD and a relaxation training manual. Participants completed a demographic data collection form and questionnaires on Sleep Quality, Ruminant Response Style and Self-Compassion. The data were analyzed using SPSS-22, the descriptive statistics and the repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of sleep quality based on time (P≤0.001) and intergroup differences (P

Background and purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic have led to some psychological disorders and sleep problems that should be taken into account after recovery. After recovering from COVID-19 people are at risk of sleep disorders, depression, and low quality of life and there is paucity of information about this issue. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness and aerobic exercise on depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and sleep quality in recovered COVID-19 patients. Materials and methods: An intervention field research was performed in 60 male and female patients (mean age: 39.52±5.82) recovered from COVID-19 in Kermanshah, Iran. Participants were randomly divided into four groups (n=15): 1) attending mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program, 2) aerobic exercise, 3) combination of MBSR and aerobic exercise, and 4) control group. The study was carried out at four stages: pre-test, interventions, post-test, and follow-up test. Dependent variables included depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and sleep quality. Bonferroni Post hoc test in 4*3 mixed ANOVA was used for data analysis. Results: In this study, depression and perceived stress reduced in all experimental groups compared to the control group (P= 0.001). Also, sleep quality improved in these groups compared to the control group (P= 0.001). Post hoc tests showed the superiority of combination of MBSR and aerobic exercise compared to other interventions. Conclusion: According to current study, combination of MBSR and physical activity shows to be more helpful than mindfulness training and physical activity alone in improving psychological problems and sleep quality after recovering from COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Poor sleep quality during pregnancy could lead to adverse outcomes for the mother and fetus. Therefore, this study aimed to employ auriculotherapy to improve sleep quality in pregnant women and enhance pregnancy outcomes. Methods: The present study was a one-blind randomized clinical trial carried out on 99 pregnant women (49 in the intervention group and 50 in the control group) with sleep disorders who were referred to the health center of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The intervention group underwent auriculotherapy for four weeks. In the control group, the ear seeds were placed on different points without pressure was applied on these points. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire was completed for both groups before and 2 and 4 weeks after the intervention. Data were analyzed by the SPSS software using paired t-test and ANOVA. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The results showed that sleep quality scores in the control group were not significantly different between the three times (P<0.05). In the intervention group compared to the control, sleep quality scores improved significantly two and four weeks after the intervention (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on our findings, auriculotherapy can be used as an uncomplicated and effective method instead of harmful drug treatments to improve the sleep quality of pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The spread of Corona virus and its psychological consequences is one of the most important human social events in the 21st century. Moreover, nurses and hospital personnel are facing the psychological consequences of it including job stress. The present study aimed to perform the relationship between sleep quality and work life quality with occupational stress of nurses and hospital personnel in Kermanshah during the period of Covid-19 in 2023. Methods and Materials: The current research is descriptive of the correlation type. The statistical population of this research included all nurses and hospital personnel of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2023. In order to select a sample size, 250 nurses and hospital personnel have been selected through random cluster method based on Morgan's table. In addition, they responded to Petersburg (1998) sleep quality (PSQI), Walton (1973) quality of work life (QWL) and job stress questionnaires and Nurses Taft, Gray and Anderson (1981). Results: The results of the step-by-step regression analysis showed that the components of sleep disorder, useful sleep, mental quality of sleep, sleeping medicine, fair payment, safe work environment, social dependence and integration and cohesion have the ability to predict occupational stress with beta coefficients of 0.37, -0.87, 0.18 and -0.12, -0.19, -0.13 and -0.76 respectively. Furthermore, according to the results of Pearson's correlation, it can be said that the lower the quality of sleep and the quality of work life, the higher their occupational stress. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results obtained from this research on the importance and role of sleep quality and quality of work life in the occupational stress of nurses and medical personnel, taking measures in order to improve the quality of work life and sleep quality, removing the underlying factors, prevention, treatment and training methods, correct adaptation and communication skills are the current necessities of health and treatment policy in such environments. Furthermore, effective interventions to improve the quality of work life, quality of sleep and occupational stress and conducting more studies in the future to identify other factors affecting the quality of life and quality of sleep and occupational stress are suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]