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Background: A review of previous studies shows that, among the variables that affect the underlying mechanisms of panic and depression disorders, are body awareness, difficulty in emotional regulation, and patient's self-management. Considering the lack of research background on the comparison of the above three components in patients with panic and depression disorders, the present study seeks to answer the question whether these three components are different in patients with panic, depression and nonaffected persons? Aims: The purpose of this research was to compare body awareness, difficulty in emotion regulation and self-management among people with panic disorders, depression and nonaffected persons. Methods: The current research design was descriptive and causal-comparative. The statistical population of the research included all people suffering from panic disorders, depression and non-suffering people in the city of Babol in the autumn of 2022. The sampling method was available and the sample size was 30 people for each group. The data collection tools in this study included three body awareness questionnaires of Shields (1989), the difficulty in emotion regulation questionnaire of Gratz & Roemer (2004) and the self-management questionnaire of Houthun and Neck (2000). The collected data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance and Benferoni post hoc test using SPSS22 software. Results: The obtained results showed that there is no significant difference in body awareness between people suffering from panic disorders, depression and non-suffering people. There was no significant difference in other variables, including difficulty in emotion regulation and self-management, between the two panic and depressed groups, but both groups had a significant difference compared to the group of non-diseased people. It was also found that three groups of people suffering from panic, depression and non-suffering people have a significant difference in the three strategies of self-management, including behavioral strategies, natural reward and constructive thought pattern and difficulty in emotional regulation (P< 0.05). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that people with panic disorders and depression have problems in emotion regulation and self-management compared to non-afflicted people. Therefore, it is suggested that psychiatrists and psychotherapists pay attention to the three variables of the present study in the therapeutic interventions of patients suffering from panic and depression in order to prevent the progression and exacerbation of disease symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Cancer is the second leading cause of death due to non-communicable diseases and is one of the biggest challenges facing the global healthcare system. Patients with cancer often require long-term care due to their multiple symptoms, and informal caregivers play a crucial role in supporting these patients. However, this responsibility can have a negative impact on the physical and mental health of the caregivers themselves. The present study outlines a protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial aimed at "determining the impact of a self-management program based on the 5A model on self-care and quality of life of cancer patients' caregivers." Method & Materials: The present study was a controlled clinical trial that included 66 informal caregivers of cancer patients. The participants were selected randomly, using the Random Number Generator V2 software, from the list of cancer patients who met the criteria for entering the research, and their caregivers were randomly assigned to two Intervention and control groups, using the same software. The intervention group received the 5A self-management program in 5 stages and during 10 weeks. The quality of life and self-care in both groups were measured before, immediately and 3 months after the intervention. The data was analyzed using SPSS 21 software. Discussion: This study may provide evidence for the implementation of supportive programs for cancer caregivers and could also enhance the role of nurses in specialized oncology clinics, leading to improved care for both patients and their caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives Heart failure is one of the common chronic diseases in old age and is considered as a progressive and debilitating disorder. Nowadays, the use of supportive and non-pharmacological methods in disease management and empowerment of elderly patients is of increasing importance. This study was aims to assess the effect of a 5A model-based self-management program on self-management ability and dyspnea severity in the elderly with chronic heart failure. Methods & Materials This is a randomized controlled clinical trial that was conducted on 75 eligible elderly people with heart failure (Class II or III) in Babol, Iran. They were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control. The intervention group received the self-management training program based on the 5A model for 12 weeks. The control group received the usual training. The data before and immediately after the intervention were collected using the self-management ability scale (SMAS) and the five-item modified Medical Research Council (MMRC) dyspnea scale. The collected data was analyzed in SPSS software version 24. Results The mean age of patients was 68.026±3.956 in the intervention group and 69.595±4.079 in the control group. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics. After the intervention, the total SMAS score and severity of dyspnea in the intervention group were significantly higher than in the control group (P

Background and Objectives: The changes in the new world, due to social, cultural, and the development of information and communication technologies (ICTs), have led to a modification in the objectives and educational approaches to align with the changes occurring in the learners' environment. One of the new approaches that has received attention in teaching and learning to acquire 21st-century skills is peer assessment. This study examined the impact of web-based peer assessment on the self-directed learning skills of educational sciences students at Arak University.Materials and Methods: Researchers employed a quasi-experimental research method with a pre-test-post-test design and included a control group in the study. The target population consisted of all educational sciences students in the academic year 2022-2023 at Arak University (178 students), from which 32 participants were selected through the convenience sampling method and assigned randomly into two groups: experimental and control. To gather data for the study, the researchers utilized the Self-directed Learning Readiness Questionnaire, which comprised 40 items and three subscales: self-management, desire for learning, and self-control. The questionnaire was administered before and after the course. During the 10 sessions, web-based peer assessment was integrated into the training process in the experimental group. In this way, courses, students, and the instructor were defined in the Learning Management System (LMS) of Arak University. After each teaching session, the teacher added an activity (peer assessment) in the system, in such a way that the students did homework related to the subject of the lesson. The teaching approach in both the experimental and control groups involved the teacher following a lesson plan and allowing the learners to ask questions during the teaching process. However, there was a difference in how the two groups were assessed. In the experimental group, peer assessment was utilized, where students reviewed and assessed their classmates' assignments. On the other hand, the control group followed a conventional evaluation method. In the classroom, the teacher delivered lessons and assigned homework to the students. The students needed to complete the assignments and submit them to the teacher for assessment. The teacher reviewed the student’s homework in each session and provided feedback. Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics (i.e., mean and standard deviation), as well as inferential statistics (i.e., Analysis of Covariance), were employed to analyze the data.Findings: The findings indicated that peer assessment training had a notable impact on self-directed learning skills and their sub-scales, including self-management, desire for learning, and self-control (p

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of death worldwide. One of the important factors is readmission due to the lack of training. Considering the widespread use of mobile phones, this study aimed to design a recommender system for patients with cardiac arrhythmia. Method: This is an applied-developmental study that was conducted in a quantitative (descriptive) method and in 2 stages. First, the recommended educational parameters and application requirements of the software were determined based on literature review. Then, the obtained contents were provided to 16 cardiologists working in Shahid Rajaei and Hazrat Rasool Akram Hospitals in Tehran. To evaluate the usability, the application was given to 50 patients with cardiac arrhythmia and was checked with the quiz questionnaire version 5.5. Results: In the recommendations section, experts deemed all items except "Omega-3 consumption" necessary. In the usability evaluation section, the items "Identifying the nearest emergency center, sending the patient’s geographic location to the doctor, finding the nearest medical center, and the possibility of changing color, and calculating BMI" were not confirmed. The usability evaluation of the application with an average score of 7.98±0.62 indicates a good level. Conclusion: The mobile-based recommender application can cause the patients to play a greater role in their treatment and acquire skills in the field of training after hospital discharge and lead to a reduction in re-hospitalization and cost.

Aim: Non-pharmacological treatment models are offered to the diabetics to better manage their diabetes and blood sugar. This study compared two popular treatments which are evidenced to have an acceptable effect on diabetes. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and health-promoting lifestyle intervention or diabetes self-management program (DSMP) in the management of HbA1c.Methods: A total of 60 patients referred to Tehran Diabetes Treatment centers were selected by convenience sampling and were assigned to three 20-member groups. The first group received ACT intervention, the second group received DSMP intervention, and the third group did not receive any intervention. All the three groups received relevant medications during the study. They were examined for glycated hemoglobin in the three phases of before the intervention, after the intervention and follow-up using blood tests. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and mixed-design analysis of varianceResults:. The results showed that both ACT and DSMP methods were effective in improving the Management of Glycated Hemoglobin Levels in Type 2 Diabetes (F=5.835, P value

Introduction: The high prevalence and consequences of hypertension in teachers has doubled the importance of identifying factors affecting blood pressure disease, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the diagnostic role of health-oriented strategies, self-management and incompatible strategies on hypertension: A discriminant analysis in Khorram Abad city. Materials and Methods: The current research method was cross-sectional in year1402. The statistical population was made up of teachers in Khorramabad city, the sample size of the study was equal to 324 people, of which 175 teachers without hypertension and 149 teachers with hypertension were selected by available sampling method. In this study, the standard questionnaire of psychological factors affecting blood pressure was used to collect data, and these data were analyzed with the help of spss24 software and by variance analysis and discriminant analysis. Results: The results of the discriminant analysis showed that the discriminant function has a very high clean power to distinguish and diagnose teachers with and without hypertension (p<0.05), such that 81.7% of the position of the discriminant function is based on the components of health-oriented strategies, self-management and inconsistent strategies. Also, the diagnostic power related to the subscale of awareness of the disease has been higher(p<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present research, it can be concluded that psychological factors play an important role in diagnosing and predicting teacher’s hypertension, and for this purpose, psychologists, counselors and education professionals should pay attention to these factors to prevent and treat teacher’s hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: Considering the global spread of COVID-19, it seems that correct information obtained from reliable sources and training based on the need for self-care behaviors are useful solutions to reduce the harm caused by the disease. This study aimed at assessing the educational needs of people in Mazandaran province about COVID-19. Materials and methods: In a cross-sectional study, 1220 people were recruited via convenience sampling in 2020. A researcher-made questionnaire was administered and information such as demographic characteristics, disease condition, and educational needs for COVID-19 were recorded. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and parametric tests, correlation, analysis of variance, and t-test. Results: The mean age of the participants was 39.34 ± 8.74. Educational level included diploma (42.5%) and university education (38.9%). About 73.3% of the participants were women. According to findings the main sources of information about COVID-19 were social networks (68.4%), satellite programs (20.9%), Ministry of Health notices (8.1%), national media (1.6%), other sources (0.6%), and family members (0.4%). Online methods were the most desirable educational methods (94.6%) reported by the people living in Mazandaran province. The overall mean score for educational needs was 3.89±0.96. The educational need for the disease (3.76±0.84) and self-care needs (4.03±1.07) indicated high needs for educational trainings and significant differences between these areas (P=001). Conclusion: In this study, social networks and media were the primary sources of information about COVID-19. Designing and implementing self-management and self-care training programs could improve the health of people in Mazandaran province and prevent the spread of COVID-19.

Introduction: Recent developments in the use of mobile technologies have given rise to opportunities for more effective and cost-efficient services for people with chronic diseases. Considering the relatively high prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Iran and the lack of a native application for the self-management of many complications of this disorder, the present study aims to develop and evaluate a mobile application for PTSD self-management. Method: This developmental-applied study was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, interviews and a literature review were carried out to identify users’ requirements and expectations of the application. Then, the application was modeled, designed, developed, and tested based on the requirements. In the second stage, the usability of developed application was evaluated by experts and users. Results: The following services were implemented in the application: psychoeducation, coping skills, breathing exercise, relaxation, positive affect, social support, self-assessment, reminders, useful links, and self-monitoring. According to experts’ evaluation, the application was of acceptable quality (78.25%). The application was relatively acceptable from the users’ point of view (68.67%). In the evaluation process, experts were most satisfied with the functionality of the application (80 %), and users were most satisfied with the application’s ease of use (76%). Conclusion: Using the application can be useful in promoting access to healthcare services for patients with PTSD, and in addition to saving time and costs, it can be effective in the self-management of this disorder.

Background and Objectives: Migraine is a chronic disease and the most common type of debilitating headache in children.The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between self-management and headache severity, quality of life and physical activity in children with migraine. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 200 children with chronic migraine referred to the clinic of Besat Hospital and Imam Khomeini Clinic in Hamadan during the years 2019-2021 were studied. The research tools consisted of questionnaires for demographic information, stages of pain transformation, examining the effect of headache, Kindle quality of life and physical activity. Analysis of variance and Pearson correlation test were used to analyze the data. The significance level was at 0.05. Results: One-way analysis of variance test showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the mean scores of headache self-management and the duration of migraine attacks in terms of headache severity. There was a direct and significant relationship between headache intensity score and quality of life and the number of migraine headache symptoms (P < 0.05)and a significant inverse relationship (P < 0.01)with the number of migraine attacks per month. There was a statistically significant difference between number of migraine episodes in a month and the severity of headache (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Self-management was not associated with the headache severity, quality of life and physical activity, but severe headache reduced the quality of life and decreased the frequency of symptoms and increased the number of migraine episodes per month.

Background and Objective: Medication adherence has a critical role to play in the control and treatment of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The present research aimed to develop, implement, and evaluate an interventional program to promote medication adherence among AIDS patients referred to Behavioral Diseases Counseling Centers in Kermanshah using the I-Change model. Materials and Methods: The present research was conducted based on a quasi-experimental design on a total of 150 AIDS patients in Kermanshah in 2021. They were randomly selected and assigned to intervention and control (n=75 in each group) groups. The intervention development was based on the I-Change model needs assessment and intervention mapping approach. The collected data was evaluated before and three months after the implementation intervention. Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 16). Results: The mean age of patients was 39.11±6.07 years (range: 22-51 years). After implementing the intervention, the intervention group obtained significantly higher mean scores in regular medication adherence behaviors (P

Background and purpose: Considering the global spread of COVID-19, it seems that correct information obtained from reliable sources and training based on the need for self-care behaviors are useful solutions to reduce the harm caused by the disease. This study aimed at assessing the educational needs of people in Mazandaran province about COVID-19. Materials and methods: In a cross-sectional study, 1220 people were recruited via convenience sampling in 2020. A researcher-made questionnaire was administered and information such as demographic characteristics, disease condition, and educational needs for COVID-19 were recorded. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and parametric tests, correlation, analysis of variance, and t-test. Results: The mean age of the participants was 39.34 ± 8.74. Educational level included diploma (42.5%) and university education (38.9%). About 73.3% of the participants were women. According to findings the main sources of information about COVID-19 were social networks (68.4%), satellite programs (20.9%), Ministry of Health notices (8.1%), national media (1.6%), other sources (0.6%), and family members (0.4%). Online methods were the most desirable educational methods (94.6%) reported by the people living in Mazandaran province. The overall mean score for educational needs was 3.89±0.96. The educational need for the disease (3.76±0.84) and self-care needs (4.03±1.07) indicated high needs for educational trainings and significant differences between these areas (P=001). Conclusion: In this study, social networks and media were the primary sources of information about COVID-19. Designing and implementing self-management and self-care training programs could improve the health of people in Mazandaran province and prevent the spread of COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Preeclampsia is one of the most serious cases of high-risk pregnancies that endanger women’s health worldwide, especially in developing countries. Preeclampsia is a specific pregnancy syndrome with a prevalence of about 7-14%, which is one of the three leading causes of death in pregnant women. Preeclampsia is the second most common cause of maternal mortality in Iran and accounts for 14% of maternal mortality. The present study was conducted to design, create and evaluate mobile-based preeclampsia self-care application. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in four stages to assess the needs of information elements, design, create and evaluate preeclampsia self-care application. In needs assessment step, 42 specialists, assistants and personnel related to the subject working in the Amir Al-Momenin (AS) Educational, Research and Treatment Center affiliated to Semnan University of Medical Sciences participated. The program was then initially evaluated by 7 physicians, and finally the suggestions provided by users in the design of the program were applied and the final version of the program was completed. The application was designed in the Android Studio environment and then its usability was evaluated using the opinions of 20 mothers and the QUIS tool. Results: The information elements and functional capabilities required by the program were determined. In addition, the program established communication between the patient and the provider, also created the possibility of care management and control of the disease process. The performance of the program was evaluated by physicians and experts and then evaluated by pregnant mothers in terms of usability. The findings showed that users were satisfied with the application. Conclusion: The use of mobile-based applications is a useful way to increase knowledge and promote the health of pregnant mothers and facilitate their access to medical information and acquire the necessary skills in their disease. This program helps pregnant mothers with preeclampsia to control their disease by observing proper nutrition and treatment principles to minimize the complications of their disease.

The purpose of this research was to the development of self-management questionnaire based on the Social Care System of Students, and consider the validity and reliability of this questionnaire. The research method was descriptive of the survey type. The population consisted of high school girl students in non-Governmental schools in Tehran in the academic year of 2017-2-18. 300 students were selected by cluster random sampling and completed the researcher-made questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to analyze the data. The fitting indices in the first step were not desirable. After items parceling using exploratory factor analysis, another confirmatory factor analysis was used, and the fitting indices indicated the suitability of the model with the data collected. Based on this, goal management skills, time management skills, change management skills, emotional management skills, communication management skills, self-control skills, self-regulation skills, and self-motivational management skills were confirmed. To verify the internal consistency of the self-management questionnaire and its components, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used. The internal consistency of the entire questionnaire is equal to 9.23, and the internal consistency of the above-mentioned components were 0.78, 0.78, 0.68, 0.91, 0.86, 0.78, 0.71, 0, 0.75, respectively. The correlation coefficients between the components of the self-management questionnaire were positive and significant. The convergent validity and composite reliability of the questionnaire components were relatively acceptable. In attention to, the desirable psychometric properties of this questionnaire, it is recommended to school counselors and psychologists to use this questionnaire for measuring of self- management in female students.

Background & Aim: Self-care and self-management, as two effective strategies play an effective role in controlling pain and quality of life. Therefore, considering the characteristics and dimensions of these two concepts, this study aimed to compare the effect of self-care education and pain self-management on the nature of pain and quality of life in patients with sickle cell disease. Methods & Materials: In this clinical trial study, 75 patients with sickle cell disease, referred to the thalassemia clinic of Baqaei hospital 2 in Ahvaz and Shahid Beheshti hospital in Abadan, were selected and randomly divided into three groups of 25 people (self-care, pain self-management and control groups). The two intervention groups (self-care and pain self-management) were divided into groups of five people, and received specific training during four sessions for three months. The nature of pain and quality of life of patients were assessed four times (before the intervention, one month, two months and three months after the intervention) using the McGill Pain Questionnaire and Quality of Life Questionnaire. The SPSS software version 22 was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that pain self-management and self-care programs were effective in improving the quality of life and pain of patients with sickle cell. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two intervention groups in the nature of pain and quality of life. Conclusion: Self-care and pain self-management have similar effects on reducing patients’ pain and improving their quality of life. Clinical trial registry: IRCT20160726029086N5

Background and Objectives: Migraine is a chronic disease and the most common type of debilitating headache in children. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between self-management and headache severity, quality of life and physical activity in children with migraine . Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 200 children with chronic migraine referred to the clinic of Besat Hospital and Imam Khomeini Clinic in Hamadan during the years 2019 -2021 were studied. The research tools consisted of questionnaires for demographic information, stages of pain transformation, examining the effect of headache, Kindle quality of life and physical activity. Analysis of variance and Pearson correlation test were used to analyze the data. The significance level was at 0.05. Results: One-way analysis of variance test showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the mean scores of headache self-management and the duration of migraine attacks in terms of headache severity. There was a direct and significant relationship between headache intensity score and quality of life and the number of migraine headache symptoms (P < 0.05) and a significant inverse relationship (P< 0.01) with the number of migraine attacks per month. There was a statistically significant difference between number of migraine episodes in a month and the severity of headache (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Self-management was not associated with the headache severity, quality of life and physical activity, but severe headache reduced the quality of life and decreased the frequency of symptoms and increased the number of migraine episodes per month. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: Improving quality of life is one of the goals of care that helps in preventing chronic conditions such as metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of self-management training based on group cognitive-behavioral therapy on quality of life in adults with metabolic syndrome. Materials and methods: This randomized clinical was carried out in 80 adults with metabolic syndrome in 2019. They were divided into intervention group and control group (n=40 per group) using permutation block method. The WHOQOL-BREF was administered before and three months after the intervention. Self-management trainings based on cognitive-behavioral therapy were performed twice a week in intervention group during 8 sessions of 90 minutes, while the control group received only routine care. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, independent t-test, paired t-test, and analysis of covariance. Results: The mean scores for quality of life and also dimensions of physical health, mental health, and social relations in intervention group were 42.14±5.18, 45.53±9.32, 40.38±7.44 and 43.32±6.43, respectively before the intervention that increased significantly to 56.38±7.23, 71.22±13.35, 65.29±8.56 and 48.76±6.95 after the intervention (P 0.05). Conclusion: Self-management training based on cognitive-behavioral therapy can improve the quality of life in adults with metabolic syndrome. (Clinical Trials Registry Number: IRCT20200507047343N1)

Background and Aim: Preeclampsia is one of the most serious cases of high-risk pregnancies that endanger women’s health worldwide, especially in developing countries. Preeclampsia is a specific pregnancy syndrome with a prevalence of about 7-14%, which is one of the three leading causes of death in pregnant women. Preeclampsia is the second most common cause of maternal mortality in Iran and accounts for 14% of maternal mortality. The present study was conducted to design, create and evaluate mobile-based preeclampsia self-care application. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in four stages to assess the needs of information elements, design, create and evaluate preeclampsia self-care application. In needs assessment step, 42 specialists, assistants and personnel related to the subject working in the Amir Al-Momenin (AS) Educational, Research and Treatment Center affiliated to Semnan University of Medical Sciences participated. The program was then initially evaluated by 7 physicians, and finally the suggestions provided by users in the design of the program were applied and the final version of the program was completed. The application was designed in the Android Studio environment and then its usability was evaluated using the opinions of 20 mothers and the QUIS tool. Results: The information elements and functional capabilities required by the program were determined. In addition, the program established communication between the patient and the provider, also created the possibility of care management and control of the disease process. The performance of the program was evaluated by physicians and experts and then evaluated by pregnant mothers in terms of usability. The findings showed that users were satisfied with the application. Conclusion: The use of mobile-based applications is a useful way to increase knowledge and promote the health of pregnant mothers and facilitate their access to medical information and acquire the necessary skills in their disease. This program helps pregnant mothers with preeclampsia to control their disease by observing proper nutrition and treatment principles to minimize the complications of their disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Metabolic syndrome is one of the biggest potential public health problems in the world and a risk factor for non-communicable diseases, especially cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of self-management training based on cognitive-behavioral group therapy on the components of metabolic syndrome in adults. Materials and Methods: The present study was a randomized clinical trial. The sample size consisted of 80 adults 30 to 70 years old with metabolic syndrome who were randomly assigned to intervention and control with 40 adults in each group. Measurement of waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, blood triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein were performed and recorded in two stages before the intervention and three months after the intervention. Training sessions were conducted in 8 sessions for the intervention group. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Chi-square, independent t-test and analysis of covariance. Results: The results showed that self-management training based on group cognitive-behavioral therapy in adult with metabolic syndrome had the most significant effect on the components of the metabol ic syndrome, including reduction of fasting blood sugar with an effect size of 0.28, reduction of triglyceride with 0.19, increase of HDL with 0.12, decrease of systolic blood pressure 0.15 and decrease of waist circumference with 0.10 (P <0.05), But it did not significantly reduce diastolic blood pressure (P <0.05). Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of self-management training based on cognitive behavioral group therapy on improving the components of metabolic syndrome, it is suggested that the identification of adults with metabolic syndrome be considered and effective educational interventions such as self-management training based on cognitive behavioral therapy while controlling the components of this risky syndrome and self-care of metabolic syndrome in adults, reduced the risk of non-communicable diseases morbidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Numerous studies have examined flourishing. However, research to assess the validity of the flourishing pattern in the indigenous context of Iran and to address the shortcomings of this model, including the lack of tools to measure some of the components and relationships between the components of the model, has been neglected. Aims: The goal was to predict flourishing based on pattern of psychological flourishing on HPMF human. Method: The research was correlational, the primary teachers of Saqqez were statistical society. 614 people randomly were chosen as sample by multi-step in categories and they responded questionnaire of rehabilitation Riff psychological(1995), Luthans psychological capital(2007), Goldberg five factor personality model(1999), private self awarenesn by Charles Carver(1990), Ahwaz stubbornness psychological AHI(1998), Hozhbaryan flourishing HPFS(2014) and two questionnaire of researcher made on environmental-social-cultural conditions and motivation to flourish(p< 0/01). Results: The result showed that between all variables of the model, there's a positive correlation. The result of structural equations model showed that having purpose will directly meaningfully have positive effects on motivation flourishing. Variables of motivation flourishing, background conditions، intermediate conditions will directly affect self management and indirectly affect positive on flourishing (with interference of self management) Variable of self management also directly influences the flourishing meaningfully. Conclusions: Based on current research, applying enough plans in order to increase conclusion, improvement of background conditions and intermediate conditions, promote flourishing motivation and self management are suggested for flourishing teachers.

Background & Aim: Patients with heart failure experience some outcomes such as poor self-management, poor adherence to treatment and low quality of life. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of self-management based discharge planning on treatment adherence in patients with heart failure. Methods & Materials: In this quasi-experimental research, 80 patients with heart failure hospitalized in teaching hospitals in Zahedan in 2019-2020, were selected by convenience sampling and were randomly allocated into either intervention or control groups. The self-management-based discharge plan consisted of four educational sessions in hospital for the intervention group. In order to follow up, the first call was made 2-3 days after discharge. Then, the patients or their family caregivers were contacted weekly in the first month and twice a month in the second and third month. Data were collected by the treatment adherence questionnaire and were analyzed using independent sample t-test, Fisher exact test, Chi-square and repeated measures ANOVA by the SPSS software version 16. Results: The two-way repeated measures analysis of variance showed a significant difference in the mean scores of treatment adherence over time (P

Background & Aim: Self-care and self-management, as two effective strategies play an effective role in controlling pain and quality of life. Therefore, considering the characteristics and dimensions of these two concepts, this study aimed to compare the effect of self-care education and pain self-management on the nature of pain and quality of life in patients with sickle cell disease. Methods & Materials: In this clinical trial study, 75 patients with sickle cell disease, referred to the thalassemia clinic of Baqaei hospital 2 in Ahvaz and Shahid Beheshti hospital in Abadan, were selected and randomly divided into three groups of 25 people (self-care, pain self-management and control groups). The two intervention groups (self-care and pain self-management) were divided into groups of five people, and received specific training during four sessions for three months. The nature of pain and quality of life of patients were assessed four times (before the intervention, one month, two months and three months after the intervention) using the McGill Pain Questionnaire and Quality of Life Questionnaire. The SPSS software version 22 was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that pain self-management and self-care programs were effective in improving the quality of life and pain of patients with sickle cell. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two intervention groups in the nature of pain and quality of life. Conclusion: Self-care and pain self-management have similar effects on reducing patients' pain and improving their quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Aim: Sleep disturbances in type II diabetes patients due to insulin resistance is a risk factor for the exacerbation of the disease. Therefore, assessment of the factors affecting the improvement of sleep in diabetic patients is a necessity for health care providers. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between sleep quality and self-management in type 2 diabetes patients. Methods & Materials: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study. A total number of 170 patients with type 2 diabetes referred to the medical centers affiliated to Qazvin University of Medical Sciences were included using the convenience sampling method in 2018-2019. Data were collected by the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ) and the Diabetes Self-management Questionnaire (DSMQ). Data were analyzed by the SPSS software version 21 using the descriptive/analytical statistics. Results: The results showed that the mean score of sleep quality was 49.89±25.90 (range: 0-100) and mean score of self-management was 31.82±6.80 (range: 0-48). The results from the Pearson correlation analysis showed a significant relationship between sleep quality and self-management (P

Background: Promoting self-management behaviors is one of the most important supportive measures for people with diabetes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of home visit program on self-management behaviors and glycemic control indices in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with insulin. Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on 64 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (32 patients in each case and control groups) in Shahid Asghar Shabani Center, Isfahan, Iran, in 2018. For the two groups of case and control, the demographic and self-management questionnaires were completed immediately, and three months after the intervention. The intervention was performed as a 4-6 session of the home visit program for the intervention group. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square, independent t, and paired t tests via SPSS software. Findings: Before the intervention, the mean score of self-management behaviors and blood glucose control indices did not differ significantly between the two groups. However, the mean score of self-management behaviors became significant immediately and three months later, and the mean blood glucose control indices became significant three months after the implementation of the program in the intervention group. (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The home visit improve the patients' self-management behaviors scales, and fasting blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) tests.

Background and Aim: The incidence of osteoporotic fractures, which leads to morbidity and mortality in the elderly, is increasing worldwide. Mobile health application could empower patients to engage in managing their own health. This has a significant impact on improving health outcomes in chronic diseases. For this reason, this study was conducted to develop a mobile-based self-management application for patients with Osteoporotic fractures. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-developmental study, initially, the data required in this research were collected through searching in library resources, clinical guidelines and application review. Then, a questionnaire was applied by physician to validate and determine the significance of these elements and the rational design of application was provided with the obtained elements. Finally, the application was developed in Android Studio environment and then evaluated. Results: The main application parts include: Disease prevention information, fracture risk assessment tool and information for self-management in osteoporotic fractures care which was divided into two parts: Hip fracture and other fractures. Moreover, provides functions like exercise program adjustments, reminders and patient records. The application functions were evaluated and was able to meet the expectations. Conclusion: This is a mobile application with validated content and can be used to help patients with osteoporotic fractures to manage their disease and to obtain self-management skills.

Background and purpose: Improving quality of life is one of the goals of care that helps in preventing chronic conditions such as metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of self-management training based on group cognitive-behavioral therapy on quality of life in adults with metabolic syndrome. Materials and methods: This randomized clinical was carried out in 80 adults with metabolic syndrome in 2019. They were divided into intervention group and control group (n=40 per group) using permutation block method. The WHOQOL-BREF was administered before and three months after the intervention. Self-management trainings based on cognitive-behavioral therapy were performed twice a week in intervention group during 8 sessions of 90 minutes, while the control group received only routine care. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, independent t-test, paired t-test, and analysis of covariance. Results: The mean scores for quality of life and also dimensions of physical health, mental health, and social relations in intervention group were 42.14±5.18, 45.53±9.32, 40.38±7.44 and 43.32±6.43, respectively before the intervention that increased significantly to 56.38±7.23, 71.22±13.35, 65.29±8.56 and 48.76±6.95 after the intervention (P<0.001). But, no significant difference was observed in environmental health dimension before and after the intervention (P= 0.345). Findings showed no significant differences in pretest and posttest scores for quality of life and its dimensions in the control group (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Self-management training based on cognitive-behavioral therapy can improve the quality of life in adults with metabolic syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Applying group counseling and patient education can improve the quality of life of women with cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of applying a self-management model on the quality of life of patients with breast cancer referring to Tohid Hospital in Sanandaj in 2017. Methods: In this clinical trial, 90 patients with breast cancer were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to intervention (n=45) and control (n = 45) group. Demographic and A QLQ-C30 questionnaires (quality of life for cancer patients) were used for data collection. After completing the questionnaires by both groups, for the patients in the experimental group, a five-year self-management program was conducted in 5 stages for three months. For patients in the routine nursing care control group. Then, the questionnaires were completed by both groups three months after the intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 and descriptive statistics, pair t-test and independent t-test. Results: There was a significant difference between the quality of life of the patients before and after the intervention. Also, there was a significant difference between the quality of life of the patients in the control group and the post-intervention group (P

Introdution: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease in the nervous system; It has many problems due to its chronic and promising nature. The treatment of this disease includes medical care and empowerment interventions for symptom management. The purpose of this study was to review the empowerment interventions in these patients. Methods: This study was conducted in a Systematic Reviewperiod from January 2000 to June 2018. On indexing sites “Magiran, PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct” searched the key words of Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Disease, Quality of Life, Self-care, Self-management, Rehabilitation, Empowerment, Psychotherapy, Psychological interventions, Clinical Trials, and Randomized Clinical Trial. Out of 1855 articles found, 33 articles were selected for review. Results: The results of this study showed that empowerment interventions in people with MS can be divided into four categories of self-care, self-management, rehabilitation and psychotherapy interventions. Lack of attention to empowerment interventions in people with MS, especially in the Iran, low attention to male patients in implementing interventions, failure to consider the theoretical framework in the formulation of interventions, lack of follow-up test and non-use of virtual intervention methods (Such as using DVDs, consulting and telephone training, etc.) in Iranian studies, is one of the most respected points in previous studies. Conclusion: Empowerment studies have provided significant results in reducing symptoms and improving the quality of life of patients, which can help improve these interventions by considering some of the points.

Background and Aim: Preeclampsia is one of the most prominent cases of pregnancy related diseases that threatens health at global level, especially in developing countries. In Iran, with 14% of outbreak, it is the second most common cause of maternal mortality. The main goal of this study was to identify the information requirements of the Android-based preeclampsia self-Management application. Materials & Methods: This was a descriptive study that was done in 2018 in Amir_Almomenin Hospital affiliated to Semnan University of Medical Sciences in two stages of reviewing the sources and the need for data elements. In the review phase, after studying the articles and study, the data requirements and factors which affecting the prevalence of preeclampsia were identified and a survey of qualified physicians was done by designing a researcher-made questionnaire. Results: This research results indicate that 63.9% of the respondents assigned to the elements mentioned in the demographic findings. 75.9% of them identified health information elements as very important. Also, 77.85% of the research community considered the elements in the lifestyle sector to be of the highest importance. All participants recognized that reminder in the program was necessary. Approximately 33.33% of them reconsidered sport education to be at the lowest level, while 45.24% rated it as being of the highest importance. Conclusion: The information requirements of this program were determined in 6 groups of health history, educational tips, lifestyle, alarms, referral, and reporting. These programs can help pregnant mothers with preeclampsia to control their disease to minimize complications by observing proper nutrition and principles of treatment.

Introduction: Patients with epilepsy need to learn to identify seizure-inducing factors in order to adapt to seizure activity and disease management and taking precautionary measures to minimize seizure damage. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of an educational program on self-management empowerment of patients with epilepsy. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 90 patients with epilepsy referring to Iranian Epilepsy Association. The study used convenient sampling and samples were randomly divided into two groups: control (n= 45) and experimental group (n=45). The control group received routine training and the experimental group in addition to routine training, participated in three educational sessions held by the researcher in Epilepsy Association. All the patients completed a self-management questionnaire before and six weeks after the intervention. The data were analyzed by SPSS 22 using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, independent paired t-test and descriptive statistics. Results: The findings showed that there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics (P>0.05). Before implementing educational program, the two groups showed no significant difference in medication, knowledge, information, safety and seizure scores (P> 0.05). After implementing educational program the two groups showed significant difference in the scores (P

Introduction: Patients with colorectal cancer experience disabilities and complications that lead to reduced quality of life. To reduce the symptoms and complications of the disease, reduce the costs, and increase the quality of life, patients should manage and control their disease. The aim of this study was to identify the requirements of a mobile-based application for self-management of patients with colorectal cancer. Methods: The present descriptive-applied research was conducted from 2020 to 2021. The requirements of the colorectal cancer application (including educational content, data elements, and capabilities) were assessed using needs assessments from patients, physicians, and nurses. The questionnaire was distributed among 114 people at the Cancer Institute and Firouzgar Hospital in Tehran. The obtained data (88 cases) were analyzed using the SPSS software, and the required components were identified. Results: Except the need for training for fatigue, other educational needs were considered necessary. In terms of essential data elements and according to the perspective of the patients, physicians, and nurses, the clinical data were more important than the demographic data. In addition, out of 79 features in 10 categories including drug management, nutrition and diet management, pain management, fatigue management, stress reduction and control, anxiety and depression, sleep management, exercise and physical activity, smoking and alcohol cessation, communication, and ancillary tools of a self-management application, 39 features were considered necessary. Conclusion: Applying the requirements mentioned in the present study can improve the self-management of the patients with colorectal cancer. The features provided can be used as a model for designing software, systems, or applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Patients with heart failure experience various consequences including poor self-management, adherence to treatment and poor quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of self-management based discharge programon adherence to treatment of patients with heart failure. Methods & Materials: In this quasi-experimental study, 80 patients with heart failure hospitalized in Zahedan teaching hospitals in 2009-2010 were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups . The self-management discharge program in the intervention group consisted of 4 training sessions in the hospital. In order to follow up, 2-3 days after the discharge of the first contact, then the first month of each week and the second and third months every two weeks, the patient or his caregiver was contacted. Data were collected using a treatment adherence questionnaire . Data were analyzed using independent t-test, chi-square, Fisher and repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS software version 16 . Results: Bilateral analysis of variance with repeated measures showed a significant difference between the mean scores of adherence to treatment over time (p < 0.001 ) and in the intervention and control groups (p < 0.001 ) . Conclusion: According to the findings, it is suggested that a self-managed discharge program be used in a codified and coherent manner for patients with heart failure in the medical wards . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: In recent years, tuberculosis is a major cause of illness and mortality due to infectious diseases. In fact, one of the reasons for increasing the incidence of tuberculosis is that it is often associated with HIV infection. The present study aimed to design and establish a mobile-based self-care system for controlling tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: The data required in this research for evaluating the information and designing the application were collected in two main steps: first, the data required in this research for information needs assessment and application design were collected by searching in library resources. A questionnaire was applied by physicians to validate and determine the significance of these elements. Afterwards, based on information elements and the self-care, application was designed in the Android Studio environment. Results: Information elements and functional capabilities required by the program were determined. Web-based services as a system interface, not only provided the communication between the patient and the care provider, also allowed for patient monitoring and disease control. Then evaluation of the performance and performance of the program was done by doctors and software experts. The findings showed user satisfaction with the application. Conclusion: Monitoring of treatment electronically allows for less costly monitoring of the patient. In this study, we present a prototype of the relationship between self-care application and portal and its potential benefits, which will allow future studies to improve and add new capabilities.

Background and purpose: Pregnancy creates permanent changes in life of women and brings new responsibilities which could lead to a great level of stress in women. Stress could result in some complications to mother and her neonate during delivery. This study aimed at determining the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based self-management intervention on labor outcome in nulliparous women. Materials and methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed in 64 nulliparous women in Ahvaz, Iran 2016. The subjects were selected using purposive sampling and were assigned into two groups of case (n=32) and control (n=32). The intervention group attended eight sessions of CBT-based self-management programme in 28-32 weeks gestational age, while the control group received routine prenatal care. Demographic characteristics were recorded at the beginning of the study and variables of labor outcome (length of delivery, labor pain, infant’s Apgar score, the use of oxytocin for augmentation of labor pain, and satisfaction from delivery process) were recorded using a researcher-made questionnaire. Results: The mean values for pain intensity in the active phase of labor, length of active phase and second stage of labor, the use of oxytocin for augmentation of labor pain, neonatal Apgar score in 1 and 5 min were significantly different in case group compared with those in the control group (P0.05). Conclusion: According to current study, CBT-based self-management programme could improve labor outcome.

Background: Visual impairment is one of the independent risk factors for falling among the elderly. Functional disabilities caused by vision disorders are the most common problems affecting the quality of life in this population. Therefore, vision self-management program (VSM) may be helpful for patients in reducing impairment and improving the quality of life. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of self-management educational program on the vision-related quality of life among the elderly with visual impairment. Method: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 57 elderly people in Mashhad, Iran, in 2017. The participants were assigned into two groups of intervention (n=28) and control (n=29). The intervention group received a 6-week VSM as a 60-minute session per week, while the control group underwent the routine education in the clinic. Visual-related quality of life was measured using the 39-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire immediately and two months after the intervention to implement home-based intervention. The data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 23. Results: The mean age of the participants in the intervention and control groups were 66.4±0.7 and 66.1±7.0 years, respectively. The repeated measures ANOVA test showed that the mean score of vision-related quality of life in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P

Objectives The present study determined the correlation of self-concept and self-efficacy with self-management among elderly in the sanatoriums in Tehran in2015. Methods & Materials This descriptive-analytic research, conducted in a cross-sectional study, enrolled 217 elderlies from the sanatoriums of Tehran in 2015 via a simple random sampling method. Three tools including Rogers self-concept scale, general self-efficacy scale (GSE-10), and self-management ability scale (SMAS-30) were utilized to measure the variables. After sampling and gathering the questionnaires, collected data were entered into SPSS and analyzed using the analytical tests such as Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Pearson’s test, and regression. Results The mean of self-concept, self-efficacy, and self-management were 8.25±1.47, 17.68±4.00, and 59.69±11.59 , respectively. Other findings indicated significant relationships of self-concept and self-efficacy with self-management (P

Introduction: Due to the widespread use of mobile-based systems, and the low cost of this technology, application of mobile-based self-management system can lead to adherence to the treatment and promotion of the health for the people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The purpose of this study was to identify requirements for the mobile-based self-management system for these people. Methods: This study was a descriptive one, carried out in two main phases in year 2017. In the first stage, in order to identify the requirements for the mobile-based self-management system, similar articles were searched and reviewed, and in the second phase, identified requirements were validated using a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population was infectious diseases specialists affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics methods. Results: The requirements for the self-management system were identified in four categories: demographic data requirements, clinical data requirements, technical capabilities, and self-management strategies. Furthermore, according to the research community' attitude, six data elements for demographic category, 10 data elements for clinical category, 11 features for technical capabilities, and 10 items for self-management strategies were selected. Conclusion: Use of proposed requirements strategies can improve the self-management skills and medication adherence of the people living with human immunodeficiency virus, and facilitate their communication with health care providers.

Introduction: Due to the increasing trend of heart diseases and their complications, programs such as cardiac rehabilitation can reduce the complications and faster recovery of patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to design and evaluate the usability of smartphone-based application for training outpatient cardiac rehabilitation. Materials and Methods: This applied-developmental study was conducted at Kashan University of Medical Sciences in 2019. In order to specify the app information content and feature, a checklist was designed based on the relevant literature and opinions cardiologists (10 peoples) and nurses (10 peoples). The application was designed and developed in JAVA environment and on the Android operating system. The usability evaluation was performed using the think aloud method and the System Usability Scale questionnaire by cardiac patients (10 peoples), nurses (10 peoples) and cardiologists (10 peoples). Results: The most important information contents were education, diet, physical activity and medications and the most important features were, pulse count, harmful cholesterol level record, Body mass Index calculation and triglyceride levels chart display. Usability evaluation showed that patients, nurses and cardiologists rated the application at a desirable level with mean score of 74.25, 74.5 and 75.36, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the users' opinions in this study, smartphone_based applications had potential to transfer educational contents to heart patients to prevent acute cardiac events, lifestyle modification and rehabilitation education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: The incidence of osteoporotic fractures, which leads to morbidity and mortality in the elderly, is increasing worldwide. Mobile health application could empower patients to engage in managing their own health. This has a significant impact on improving health outcomes in chronic diseases. For this reason, this study was conducted to develop a mobile-based self-management application for patients with Osteoporotic fractures. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-developmental study, initially, the data required were collected by searching in library resources, clinical guidelines, and application reviews. Then, a questionnaire was applied to validate and determine the significance of these elements from physicians' point of view, and the rational design of application was provided with the obtained elements. Finally, the application was developed in Android Studio environment and then it was evaluated. Results: The main application parts included disease prevention information, fracture risk assessment tools, and self-management information in osteoporotic fractures care that has two parts: hip fracture and other fractures. They also included functions like exercise program adjustments, reminders and patient records. Finally, the application performance was evaluated and it met the expectations. Conclusion: This is a mobile application with validated content and can be used to help patients with osteoporotic fractures to manage their disease and obtain self-management skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the chronic diseases in older age-groups. The most important therapeutic principle in these patients is self-management and self-efficacy since the adherence to self-management models increases self-efficacy and quality of life in diabetic elderly people. This study aimed to investigate the effect of self-management program based on a 5A model on self-efficacy in elderly patients with diabetes referring to Razi Clinic, Ghaemshahr, Iran, in 2018. Materials and Methods: This classical experimental study was performed on 90 diabetic elderly patients who were divided into two groups of experimental and control. The experimental group received 12 training sessions of 30-45 minutes on a weekly basis. On the other hand, the control group received routine training. The data were collected using the standard questionnaire, and subsequently, they were analyzed in SPSS software using descriptive statistics (i.e., tables, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (i.e., independent t-test, paired t-test, and ANCOVA). Results: According to the results of the independent t-test, there was no significant difference between two groups before and after intervention (P=0.47). However, a significant difference was observed between the two groups after intervention (P=0.001). Moreover, the incubation test showed a significant difference with the elimination of pre-test effect (P<0.01 and Eta=0.16). In total, 16% of the changes in self-efficacy could be due to the possibility of implementing a self-management model. Conclusion: Considering the self-efficacy of the 5A model in patients with diabetes, this non-medical method can be used as an efficient and cost-effective intervent ion in patient education program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kidney transplant recipients, as chronic patients, need lifelong self-management. Therefore, identification of the effective factors is helpful in strengthening the individuals' adherence and planning self-management in the post-transplant period. However, the empirical research on this area is limited. The purpose of this study was "Explaining self-management determinants in kidney transplant recipients according to the health belief model". Methods: This qualitative content analysis was conducted in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad province. The participants were included in the study by purposive and theoretical sampling methods until theoretical and classical saturations were achieved. The data were collected and analysed using 24 semistructured interviews by 19 participants (14 transplant recipients, 4 family members, and a patient with a history of transplant rejection). The MAXQDA10 software was used to organize and manage the data. Results. After analysing the data, 264 primary conceptual codes were extracted. The findings were reported in 20 sub- categories and in accordance with six categories of the health belief model (perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues to actions). Conclusion. The findings of this qualitative study provided a profound understanding over the experiences of kidney transplant recipients and their family members about self-management determinants. The findings confirmed the health belief model constructs and its application in predicting these patients' self-management. In addition, the findings can be a guide for health planners and policy makers to select the suitable interventions and strategies to improve the adherence to recipients' selfmanagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Youth period is very important in life. This is a time of fundamental decision-makings. These decision-makings have deep influence on life of young peoples. In this investigation, the instructional plan of self-management with emphasis on components of consciousess and choice is codificated and then it,s effectiveness on improvement in self-management of young peoples in Tehran is studied. In this research, the assumption is that instruction of instructional plan of self-management with emphasis on components of consciousness and choice is influential on self-management of such young peoples. This research was quasi-experimental with pre-post test and control group. The statistical population of this research consisted of all young peoples between 20-30years old living in areas of 1, 5, 12 and 17 of Tehran. The sample consisted of 32 young peoples. Constructed self-management questionnaire is used in this study. Covariance test has been used for the analysis of the aggregate data. The results showed that instructional plan of self-management has a meaningful influence on the self-management and self-efficacy of young peoples. Therefore this instructional plan can be effective on increase of self-management of young people.

Background: Nowadays, one of the most important concepts in the health system associated with the treatment and reduction of chronic spinal pain is self- management. According to the gap of a tool to measure this concept, this study was performed with the aim of construction and validation of Persian version of self- management scale of chronic spinal pains. Materials & Methods: The present study was descriptive and correlational study that it was performed in 2016 on 301 patients with chronic spinal pains who were referred to the Persian Gulf Martyrs Hospital, Salman Farsi, Physiotherapeutic centers and orthopedist and physical medicine and spine rehabilitation doctors' offices in Bushehr by using convenient simple sampling. In this study, the statistical methods of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, convergent and content validity and test-retest reliability and Cronbach's alpha using SPSS 21 software and AMOS 20 were used. Results: Based on the results three factors including medical emotional and functional self management were extracted which overall, it could explain 39.32% of self-management variable of chronic spinal pain. Also, fitness indexes were estimated at an acceptable level (AGFI=0.91, GFI=0.95, NFI=0.92, GFI=0.95, RMSEA=0.08, c2/df=2.65). Content validity (0.80), convergent validity (with Nicolas self management of chronic pain, psychological hardiness, self-efficacy of pain, pain catastrophic thoughts and beliefs and perception of pain with coefficient 0.68, 0.47, 0.50, -0.26 and -0.33), test-retest reliability (0.87) and reliability using Cronbach's alpha (0.79) were confirmed. Conclusion: According to all the indicators of reliability and validity were estimated in a satisfactory condition, so it can be used in areas of research, evaluation and treatment of chronic spinal pain.

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases, which also affects individuals' mental and psychological characteristics. This study aimed to investigate the effect of well-being therapy on reducing depression, improving self-management, and controlling the blood glucose level in females with Type II diabetes. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted based on a pretest-posttest design with control and intervention groups. The participants were selected from females with type 2 diabetes referring to Parsian Diabetes Clinic in Mashhad, Iran, during 2018-19. Subsequently, the patients were randomly divided into intervention (n=26) and control (n=26) groups. The intervention group received eight 90-minute sessions of group therapy based on the Ryff s Psychological Well-being Scale for three months. On the other hand, the control group received no therapeutic intervention. The data were collected before and after the intervention using Beck's Depression Inventory, Thompson and Toobert's Self-Management Inventory, and Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test. Moreover, the data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 24). Results: The results revealed that well-being therapy had a significant effect on depression, self-management, and HbA1c in patients with type II diabetes. Moreover, there was a significant difference between the control and intervention groups (P<0.05) in this study. Conclusion: According to the results, well-being therapy is effective in improving self-management, as well as reducing depression and HbA1c levels in patients with type II diabetes. Therefore, it is recommended that this treatment approach be used to help improve the psychological well-being of these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background & Aim: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has been considered as one of the most common chronic diseases that lead to drop in authority and function in patients, and this has caused significant challenges in the care systems. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of self-management program on self-efficacy in patients with COPD to find efficient method to improve the patients’ health status. Material & Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed on 50 COPD patients with moderate and severe grade who have the inclusion criteria. Patients were randomly assigned to control and intervention groups. Intervention group received the self-management program in addition to the regular care based on 5A model. All Patients were assessed by self-efficacy scale questionnaire at the beginning of the intervention and after 3 months. The t-test and chi square was used in SPSS software to analyze the data. Results: The results show that there was no significant difference between the groups in self-efficacy at first, but there was significant difference after intervention (P

This study aimed to explain the role of self-leadership and self-management on human capital of Ministry of C.L and S.W. The research method was descriptive and correlational and data analysis metod was SEM that Using Cochran's sampling formula that Sample size was determined 306 personnel by simple random sampling. Self-leadership and self-management of Abili and Mazari (2014) with reliability (α =0/94) and human capital questionnaire of Naderi (2011) with reliability (α=0/95) were used. Results showed that that self-leadership, self-management and human capital of Personnel higher than the average and self- self-leadership (r=0/49) self-management(r=0/48) had a significant positive correlation with human capital of Personnel (p

Abstract Background & Aims: Osteoarthritis is a common disease, and one of the most important causes of disability in the elderly, with impaired performance as a prominent symptom. This study was conducted to assess the effect of self-management on performance of elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis attending an orthopedic clinic. Material & Methods: In this quasi experimental study, 88 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee were selected by convenient sampling, and consisted to intervention (44 patients) and control (44 patients) groups. Initially, performance of patients was measured using WOMAC inventory. Then, the intervention group received one 70-minute session of training program per week over 4 weeks. Next, they were given the opportunity to practice the program at home for 4 more weeks. Afterwards, performance of both groups was assessed and compared. Data collected were analyzed in SPSS-18 using Chi-square and independent t-test. Results: No significant difference was found between the two groups in mean performance before intervention (P>0/05) but after intervention, mean performance in the intervention group was significantly higher compared to the control group (P0.05). Conclusion: Results obtained showed improved performance in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee due to self-management training program. By using appropriate diet and pain relief methods, along with exercise, patients will be able to better tolerate exercise movements, and thus improve their performance.

Background and aim: Change the traditional approach to empowerment in education and care in diabetic patients is by creating a proper ground for improvement self-care and health status in patients with diabetes. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between empowerment with dimensions of quality of life and some related factors in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was performed on 156 patients with type2 diabetes in Shahroud town in 2013.The relationship between empowerment with dimensions of quality of life and some related factors was evaluated using demographic information form, empowerment Questionnaire(DES-28), diabetes patients-specific quality of life questionnaire. Results: The overall mean of empowering score in patients was 82/56±16/84. There was a significant and positive correlation between empowerment and all dimensions of quality of life (P=

Background and Aim: In recent years, tuberculosis is a major cause of illness and mortality due to infectious diseases. In fact, one of the reasons for increasing the incidence of tuberculosis is that it is often associated with HIV infection. The present study aimed to design and establish a mobile-based self-care system for controlling tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: The data required in this research for evaluating the information and designing the application were collected in two main steps: first, the data required in this research for information needs assessment and application design were collected by searching in library resources. A questionnaire was applied by physicians to validate and determine the significance of these elements. Afterwards, based on information elements and the self-care, application was designed in the Android Studio environment. Results: Information elements and functional capabilities required by the program were determined. Web-based services as a system interface, not only provided the communication between the patient and the care provider, also allowed for patient monitoring and disease control. Then evaluation of the performance and performance of the program was done by doctors and software experts. The findings showed user satisfaction with the application. Conclusion: Monitoring of treatment electronically allows for less costly monitoring of the patient. In this study, we present a prototype of the relationship between self-care application and portal and its potential benefits, which will allow future studies to improve and add new capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: Pregnancy creates permanent changes in life of women and brings new responsibilities which could lead to a great level of stress in women. Stress could result in some complications to mother and her neonate during delivery. This study aimed at determining the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based self-management intervention on labor outcome in nulliparous women. Materials and methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed in 64 nulliparous women in Ahvaz, Iran 2016. The subjects were selected using purposive sampling and were assigned into two groups of case (n=32) and control (n=32). The intervention group attended eight sessions of CBT-based self-management programme in 28-32 weeks gestational age, while the control group received routine prenatal care. Demographic characteristics were recorded at the beginning of the study and variables of labor outcome (length of delivery, labor pain, infant's Apgar score, the use of oxytocin for augmentation of labor pain, and satisfaction from delivery process) were recorded using a researcher-made questionnaire. Results: The mean values for pain intensity in the active phase of labor, length of active phase and second stage of labor, the use of oxytocin for augmentation of labor pain, neonatal Apgar score in 1 and 5 min were significantly different in case group compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). The mean of pain intensity in second stage of labor and length of third stage of labor decreased in the intervention group, but showed no significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: According to current study, CBT-based self-management programme could improve labor outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]