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The purpose of this paper is to discuss discusses the legal and technological challenges and disputes about the governance and regulation of user-generated video platforms. In this paper, by focusingon the Aparat video service, we will show how the issue of Content management has become a legal challenge. The regulation of video platforms in Iran, whether platforms that provide subscription video-on-demand services or platforms that mediate user-generated content sharing, has created some legal disputes. This conflict has different levels Its first level is related to the definition of video content. Its primary manifestation is the continuation of the conflicts on the definition of "expanded audio and video." The second level is the determination of the regulatory authority. The establishment of Satra and the difference between the Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance and the IRIB regarding the institution in charge of this area is remarkable from this point of view. The third level of this controversy is about the mode of content moderation. Considering these different levels, this article shows how these disputes have emerged at the level of content moderation. Presenting a comprehensive communication law in Iran by determining a macro-regulatory body that considers the technological developments of the media, deciding on the limits and responsibilities of users or platforms, and developing a content moderation mechanism are the main suggestions of this article.

This research aims to analyze and examine "platform governance" as a new human innovation in response to the complexities of public problems through a systematic review of relevant studies in this area. For this purpose, 67 articles that were most relevant to the keywords of the platform governance area were selected from all articles published in reputable international scientific databases from 2016 to 2023. Accordingly, public policy problems are inherently complex because they are undeniably related to the people. The expansion of information and communication technologies has led governments to consider taking advantage of these new capabilities, moving away from traditional single tools, moving towards multiple tools and more participatory tools, and finally using platform tools that are more compatible with the networked structure of modern societies. Based on the research findings, four interrelated actors can be identified in today's platform ecosystem: platform, platform owners, Platform users, and complementors. On the one hand, governments seek platforms as a tool for governance and administration, and on the other hand, these platforms are able to govern end-users in a new way based on their function and nature. That is, they are able to make decisions that threaten the public interest of societies; therefore, governments must adopt a type of governance in relation to platforms. Also, the new nature of platforms puts another group of actors at risk, which in the literature is referred to as complementors, and these individuals are responsible for supplying goods or services on the platform. How platform-owning companies deal with these individuals forms the basis of the fourth concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]