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Fruit rot caused by the pathogenic fungus Penicillium is one of the most critical factors in reducing the post -harvest life of fruit crops worldwide. Inthe present study, the effects of marjoram essential oil and Bacillus bacteria on the control of rot caused by a blue mold of cherry (Prunus avium L.) in the horticultural laboratory of Urmia University was evaluated. Marjoram essential oil was extracted at the flowering stage by Clevenger apparatus and hydro -distillation. First, cherry fruits were infected with mushroom suspension at a concentration of 10 5 ha/ml. Then, experimental treatments, including suspension with a concentration of 10 8 ha/ml selected strains of antagonist bacteria and marjoram essential oil, were applied at five levels of concentration (0, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 μl/l). The fruits were stored in the refrigerator at a temperature of 0 °C and relative humidity of 90 -95% for 30 days. Finally, different qualitative traits including titratable acidity, pH, soluble solids, tissue firmness, weight loss, antioxidant activity (DPPH) and fungal rot of the fungus were evaluated at three times (0, 15 and 30 days) and in three replications. The marjoram essential oil at a concentration of 750 μl/l and Bacillus bacteria was the most effective treatment in maintaining titratable acidity, lowering pH and soluble solids on the 15th day. Also, antioxidant activity was enhanced by increasing the concentration of marjoram essential oil. The lowest rate of fruit weight loss was observed at a concentration of 500 μl/l of essential oil during the 15th day. According to our findings, marjoram essential oil compounds, especially carvacrol, as well as Bacillus bacteria, as natural compounds and guaranteeing human health, can be suggested as alternatives to chemical compounds in the control of pathogenic fungi in fruit products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Origanum vulgare administration on testicular injury induced by torsion/detorsion . Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 64 adult rats were divided into 8 equal groups, as following:1-Sham: the abdominal cavity was opened and then closed. 2.Torsion/detorsion: the rats underwent spermatic cord twisting for 4 hours and then untwisting (30 minutes before untwisting normal saline was injected). 3.Torsion/detorsion+ Origanum vulgare: Similar to group 2, the only difference was injections of Origanum vulgare with different doses (400 mg/kg, 250, 100) which were given to 3 separate groups. 4. Origanum vulgare recipient: without any surgery, injections of Origanum vulgare were given to 3 separate groups with different doses (400 mg/kg, 250, 100). Twenty-four hours after surgery, blood samples were taken to measure oxidative stress factors. Testicular tissue was removed for assessment of histological changes, and the epididymis tissue was used to measure sperm parameters. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: We found significant decreases in Johnson's score, epithelium height, and seminiferous tubule diameter (data obtained from histological examination), number and morphology of sperm parameters and oxidative stress factors (Malondialdehyde, Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione Peroxidase and, Catalase) in the torsion/detorsion group compared to those in the sham group (P= 0.0001), while they improved in the torsion/detorsion groups receiving Origanum vulgare group compared to those in the torsion/detorsion group, but in most cases, the results were not significant. Conclusion: It seems that Origanum vulgare can partially reduce the damage caused by testicular torsion/detorsion.

Today, the demand for the production of useful products in order to prevent various diseases and improve the physical and mental health of consumers is increasing. Foods containing plant-based ingredients can play an important role in achieving this goal. Therefore, the aim of this study was to produce cheese using wind cheese extract as vegetable cheese and chuchak and marjoram with the aim of investigating the antioxidant properties of analog cheese and comparing it with cheese prepared with cow's milk and animal cheese (as a control sample) during The ripening period is 60 days. In this study, 1.5% of wind cheese plant extract, 1% of Chouchaq plant and 0.5% of marjoram plant were added to the analog cheese sample. The results showed that the moisture content of the analog cheese sample was higher than the cheese prepared with cow's milk and increased over time. The pH, fat and hydration in analog cheese were lower than in cow's milk cheese sample. With increasing time, the pH decreased and the water content increased. Also, phenolic compounds in analog cheese sample were more than cow's milk sample, which decreased with increasing time. On the other hand, IC50 in analog cheese sample was less than cow's milk. The results also showed that the textural properties such as firmness, cohesion and elasticity in the analog sample are less than cow's milk cheese. However, the overall acceptance rate of the samples was higher than the mean score. Also, in the analog sample, the amount of initiator bacteria was less than the control sample during the whole storage period. Contamination was seen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO NPs), Due to its unique properties, such as its anti-cancer and antioxidant properties, it has attracted researchers attention. In the present study, the cytotoxic and anti-angiogenic properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared with the green method from extract Origanum Majorana were investigated. Materials and Methods: Cytotoxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles, By MTT assay on cells of HUVEC ،MDA-MB-231 and Hep- G2 was examined. In order to evaluate the anti-angiogenic effects in an in vivo model, 48 fertile eggs with Ross breed randomly divided into 6 groups Consist of: 4 treatment groups with different concentrations of (125, 250, 500 and 1000 μg / ml) , control and sham groups. After 12 days of incubation, the number and the length of the vessels of the chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryos were assessed. Eventually, data were analyzed using Image J and SPSS software (version 16) and one-way ANOVA and post hoc LSD statistical tests at the significant level (P <0.05). Results: The results showed that ZnO nanoparticles made the concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects with the amount IC50 values of 60, 15 and 80 μg / ml. The number and length of chorioallantoic membrane vessels and by chick embryos weight and height in treated groups with different concentrations of nanoparticles significantly decreased compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The Zinc oxide nanoparticles produced by the green method from the extract of Marjoram probably with more severe cytotoxic properties for cancerous cells compared to healthy cells and it can also have anti-angiogenic potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]