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Background: This study aimed to evaluate the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in oral leukoplakia with and without dysplasia and normal mucosa by immunohistochemistry.Materials and Methods: In this study, 45 samples of oral leukoplakia with and without dysplasia of normal mucosa (15 samples per group) were selected from the archives of the oral and maxillofacial pathology department Mashhad dental school. Immunohistochemical evaluation of EGFR expression according to the manufacturer's instructions was performed. The percentage of immunoreactivity was recorded and compared by statistical tests (Chi-square One-way ANOVA Kruskal-WallisMann-Whitney U). Results: There was a statistically significant difference among the three groups with regards to EFGR expression (P=0.001). Increased expression of EGFR from normal mucosa to non-dysplastic leukoplakia and dysplastic leukoplakia was observed. There was no statistically significant difference between dysplastic and non-dysplastic leukoplakia.Conclusion: Increased expression of EGFR was recognized as a key contributing factor for malignant transformations from normal mocusa to non-dysplastic and dysplastic leukoplakia, therefore indicating its role in the carcinogenesis of oral mucosa.

Introduction: The role of E-cadherin and CD44 has been proven in the development and progression of cancerous and precancerous lesions. It seems that these two markers have a high ability to evaluate the premalignancy of lichen planus lesions and oral leukoplakia. This study aimed to investigate and compare the expression of CD44 and E-cadherin markers in oral leukoplakia, lichen planus, and oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Material & Methods: This analytical-descriptive study was conducted on 60 blocks of lichen planus, leukoplakia, and squamous cell carcinoma. The blocks were stained by CD44 and E-cadherin antibodies. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22), and a P-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Findings: Only 30% of the SCC samples expressed the CD44 marker, while 40% and 50% of leukoplakia and lichen planus samples expressed the CD44 marker, respectively. The expression of the E-cadherin marker in SCC samples was 40% in the range of staining, while it was 50% and 60% in leukoplakia and lichen planus, respectively. There was not a significant difference between the staining intensity of CD44 and E-cadherin (P<0.16). However, in SCC, 70% of the cases showed mild to moderate expression intensity that was statistically significant, compared to lichen planus and leukoplakia (P<0.004). Discussion & Conclusion: It seems that the severity of CD44 and E-cadherin incidence can indicate the changes in dysplasia and premalignancy of oral lichen planus and leukoplakia, compared to oral carcinomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: AIDS-associated oral lesions are important, in terms of diagnostic-prognostic role and monitoring patients; moreover some of them may reduce patient's quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral lesions in HIV patients. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among a total of 62 HIV+ patients who attended a counseling and treatment center in Rasht. Demographic information, drugs and laboratory status were extracted from patients' files. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regressions with multiple linear regressions. Results: From 62 cases, 50 were male and 12 female and the mean age was 40.5±11.3 years. 59 patients had oral lesions including periodontal disease (95%). The most prevalent oral lesions included: periodontitis (67.7%), oral candidiasis (41.9%) of erythematous (35.4%) and pseudomembranous types (6.45%) and angular cheilitis (12.9%). Patients with removable denture presented a higher rate of erythematous candidiasis and angular cheilitis (P=0.001). In this study, periodontal diseases were rosed by the post-diagnosis years (P=0.024) and the antiretroviral medications (P=0.002). Patients on the prophylactic medications (P=0.043) were less likely to have erythematous candidiasis; age may caused angular cheilitis (P=0.041). Pseudomembranous candidiasis was inversely correlated with CD4+ L levels (P=0.052). Conclusion: The majority of the cases in this study were IV drug user males within the 4th decade of life. Although oral lesions were not common, but the dental and periodontal statuses exhibited poor oral hygiene which need more attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dyskeratosis Congenita (DC) is a rare inherited disease with an incidence of approximately one case per million population. The disease is characterized by a classic triad: nail changes, color reticulated skin and oral leukoplakia. In these patients, premature death is often associated with bone marrow failure, infections, pulmonary complications, or malignancy. Three patterns of inheritance for dyskeratosis congenita have been reports, X-linked recessive trait, autosomal dominant and recessive trait. The present study is a case report of an adoloscent patient with dyskeratosis congenita. Case presentation: The patient is a 16 year old boy living in Arak without history of any illness was referred with fever, chills, malaise and admitted to Vali-e-Asr Hospital with initial diagnosis of sepsis. The patient was treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. In tests, showed pancytopenia. Bone marrow biopsy was performed. Blood and urine culture were negative, rheumatologic lab test and other tests were normal. Ultrsonography of abdomen and pelvis showed splenomegaly. In physical examination, diffuse hypopigmented lesions on the trunk and extermities, nails dystrophy and oral mucosal leukoplakia were observed. Skin biopsy was consistent with DC. Conclusion: The skin and oral mucosal lesions have an impact role in the diagnosis of systemic disease. Early diagnosis and treatment of patients with DC are important in improving clinical outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]