Search

Background and purpose: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has a high prevalence in the world community and the majority of sufferers use inhalation sprays. There is a remarkable consensus that the choose the most appropriate method to deliver inhaled medicine in the control of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is as important as the selected drug. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to compare the effect of salbutamol through spray, spacer and the nebulizer on lung function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Materials and methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 66 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease hospitalized in Shahada Qain Hospital in 2019. Research units were randomly assigned to spray, spacer, and nebulizer groups based on the inclusion criteria. After entering the data into SPSS software version 23, chi-square, Crosal-Wallis, ANOVA and repeated measurement statistical tests were used to analyze the data. Results: There was no significant difference between the three groups in terms of demographics and information related to the disease (P>0.05). The average respiratory indices including FVC, FEV1, SPO2, FEV1FVC and respiratory rate after the intervention in the spray group with spacer and the nebulizer group were significantly higher than the spray alone group (P

Background and Objectives: Furosemide is one of the elements of drug therapy for cardiogenic pulmonary edema, but its systemic administration is associated with complications, such as hypotension, renal damage, and decreased serum potassium. Inhalation administration is a new route, which does not have the side effects of systemic administration, but its effectiveness is still unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of treatment with the nebulized furosemide in patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema Methodes: This clinical trial study was conducted on 125 patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema reffering to the Department of Emergency Medicine of Rasoul Akram and Firouzgar hospitals in 2017. The samples were randomly assigned to two groups of experimental (62 individuals receiving furosemide with nebulizer) and control (63 individuals receiving normal saline with nebulizer). After the vital Signs intervention, the data relating to the lung were compared using t-test and Chi square test. Results: There was no difference between the two studied groups in terms of the mean changes in systolic (intervention 129, plasebo 128.9) and diastolic blood pressures (intervention 79.2, plasebo 78), pulse rate (intervention 92.2, plasebo 91.8), respiratory rate (intervention 22.8, plasebo 22.3), and blood oxygen saturation (intervention 92, plasebo 91.7). Changes in lung auscultation showed no statistically significant changes between the groups (p = 0.56). Conclusion: The finding of the present study revealed that inhaled furosemide had no positive effect in the patients with acute pulmonary edema. Therefore, considering the novelty of the issue, further studies are recommended.

In this experimental study, the condensed water in the evaporator coil was injected using the nebulizer technology into the condenser inlet air and its effect on the performance coefficient was studied. The testing equipment employed in the present study consisted of an air conditioner tunnel with the dimensions of 200×35×35cm, which had the compression refrigeration cycle of 1-ton refrigeration with R404a refrigerant. A data logger with pressure and temperature sensors installed at various points of the unit accurately recorded the measured data. The results indicated that the use of a nebulizer would reduce the compressor outlet pressure and compressor power consumption and also increase the performance coefficient. By increasing the air temperature to the condenser from 21 to 36°C, the use of a nebulizer reduced compressor outlet pressure by more than 27%, decreased compressor power consumption by more than 8%, and increased the performance coefficient more than 64%. The results demonstrate the nebulizer technology could be used on hot days of the year by recycling wastewater from air conditioning systems, as a practical and low-cost method to increase the efficiency of direct expansion air conditioning systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Bronchiolitis is the most common viral respiratory infections in children under 2 years. No effective Short-term or long-term treatment for bronchiolitis has been approved yet. Treatment is still supportive with oxygen, fluid and mechanical ventilation as necessary. Several studies have shown that 3% hypertonic saline improve immediate and longterm cleaning of small airways in these patients. This study aimed to compare the effects of 3% hypertonic saline with 0.9% saline in 2-24 month children with bronchiolitis. Materials and Methods: In a non-randomized clinical trial, 60 children aged 2 to 24 months with diagnosis of acute viral bronchiolitis were enrolled. Thirty children recieved 3% hypertonic saline with nebulizer as the treatment group and 30 children treated with nebulized normal saline 0.9% as the control group. In entrance, oxygen saturation (by pulse oximetry), respiratory rate, pulse rate and severity of disease were measured using a combination score (sum of Clinical Score (YALE Observation Scale) and RDAI (Respiratory Distress Assessment Index)) . The primary outcomes change in clinical score and hospitalization rate, and secondary outcomes were duration of hospitalization, need to oxygen therapy and recovery time from wheezing and cough. Results: Two groups were not different in terms of baseline variables, except age (8.9±4.9 months in the hypertonic saline group and 6.4 ± 4.6 months in normal saline group P=0.046). After the intervention, the difference in clinical severity between the hypertonic saline group (10.9±5.6) and normal saline (10.4±5.7) was not significant (adjusted for age P=0.77). The hospitalization rate was not significantly different in the two groups (60% vs 63.3%). Length of hospital stay, the need for oxygen therapy, number of days requiring intravenous fluid therapy and recovery time from cough and wheezing were not significantly different between two groups. Conclusion: It seems, 3% hypertonic saline does not have significant effect in reducing the severity of symptoms, rate of hospitalization and duration of hospitalization in 2-24 months children with viral bronchiolitis compared with normal saline 0.9%.

Introduction: Chromium (VI) is a known human carcinogenic agent which is used in numerous industrial processes such as electroplating, welding, textile, cement and steel fabrication. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of natural zeolite on the fixed bed adsorption of Cr (VI) from air stream. . Material and Method: In this experimental study, chromium mists were generated by a nebulizer (3A model, Italy). Performance of natural zeolite in the Cr (VI) adsorption and its influencing factors such as air flow rate (1 and 3 L/min), the initial Cr concentration (0.05, 0.15, 1 and 10 mg/m3) and the bed depth (2.5, 5 and 10 cm) were investigated. . Result: Zeolite adsorption capacity elevated by the increasing of bed depth but decreased with increasing of flow rate and inlet concentration. In order to facilitate the prediction of natural zeolite column performance Yoon-Nelson and Thomas models were used. The results showed that these models have a good agreement with our experimental data. . Conclusion: Due to the extensive use of chromium in various industries and regulatory requirements related to workplace health and safety, Cr emission control in the occupational environment is essential. The adsorption process is one of the controlling measures of chromium emissions. The results indicated that natural zeolite has a high efficiency in Cr (VI) adsorption.

Background: Bronchiolitis is the most common viral respiratory infections in children under 2 years. No effective Short-term or long-term treatment for bronchiolitis has been approved yet. Treatment is still supportive with oxygen, fluid and mechanical ventilation as necessary. Several studies have shown that 3% hypertonic saline improve immediate and longterm cleaning of small airways in these patients. This study aimed to compare the effects of 3% hypertonic saline with 0.9% saline in 2-24 month children with bronchiolitis. Materials and Methods: In a non-randomized clinical trial, 60 children aged 2 to 24 months with diagnosis of acute viral bronchiolitis were enrolled. Thirty children recieved 3% hypertonic saline with nebulizer as the treatment group and 30 children treated with nebulized normal saline 0.9% as the control group. In entrance, oxygen saturation (by pulse oximetry), respiratory rate, pulse rate and severity of disease were measured using a combination score (sum of Clinical Score (YALE Observation Scale) and RDAI (Respiratory Distress Assessment Index)) . The primary outcomes change in clinical score and hospitalization rate, and secondary outcomes were duration of hospitalization, need to oxygen therapy and recovery time from wheezing and cough. Results: Two groups were not different in terms of baseline variables, except age (8.9±4.9 months in the hypertonic saline group and 6.4 ± 4.6 months in normal saline group; P=0.046). After the intervention, the difference in clinical severity between the hypertonic saline group (10.9±5.6) and normal saline (10.4±5.7) was not significant (adjusted for age P=0.77). The hospitalization rate was not significantly different in the two groups (60% vs 63.3%). Length of hospital stay, the need for oxygen therapy, number of days requiring intravenous fluid therapy and recovery time from cough and wheezing were not significantly different between two groups. Conclusion: It seems, 3% hypertonic saline does not have significant effect in reducing the severity of symptoms, rate of hospitalization and duration of hospitalization in 2-24 months children with viral bronchiolitis compared with normal saline 0.9%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]