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Background: Some micro RNAs (miRNA) are secreted by adipose tissue and play a role in intercellular communication and are considered as a valuable target point in order to control obesity and its consequences. The aim of the present study is to determine the effect of two concurrent aerobic and strength training methods on the levels of miR-155 and C-reactive protein (CRP) in obese middle-aged men. Methods: Thirty middle-aged men with an average age of 44.57 ± 3.54 years and weight 103.79 ± 8.46 kg, randomly and based on fat percentage, aerobic capacity (V̇O2max) and one repetition maximum (1-RM) were assigned to three groups: 1) concurrent aerobic and strength training in one day (CAST1), 2) concurrent aerobic and strength training on separate days (CAST2) and 3) control group. Blood samples were collected from the subjects 48 hours before and after 12 weeks of concurrent training, in order to analyse of miR-155, CRP and glucose indices. One-way ANOVA with repeated measures and Bonferroni's post hoc test were used to analyze the data. Findings: After 12 weeks of training, CAST1 group experienced a significant decrease in miR-155, CRP and glucose indices compared to the control group. Also, in the CAST2 group, miR-155, CRP and glucose indices were significantly decreased compared to the control group. Conclusion: It seems that both CAST training methods reduce obesity-related inflammation by affecting miR-155, and middle-aged men may be able to use both training methods to prevent metabolic diseases.

Background and Objectives: Micro RNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs which have been recently shown to play a crucial role in major cellular processes such as development and differentiation through posttranscriptional regulation. The correlation of microRNA expression levels with the pathogenesis of some hematologic malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia is already known. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of mir-150 and mir-155 in chronic myelogenous leukemia patients. miRNA expression level changes can be used for diagnosis, treatment and estimation of Minimal Residual Disease (MRD). Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, the expression of miR-150 and miR-155 in 25 newly diagnosed CML patients in chronic phase and 25 healthy subjects as the control all in Payvand Medical Laboratory were examined by Stem-loop RT-PCR and Real Time PCR techniques. For data analysis, Pearson correlation analysis was used. Results: miR-150 and miR-155 were down-regulated in CML patients rather than in healthy subjects (0.512 and 0.2552, respectively). There was no correlation between the laboratory findings and the miR expression level. But miR-155 was inversely associated with age (p ≤ 0.01). Conclusions: In conclusion, the decreasing expression of miR-150 and miR-155 in chronic myelogenous leukemia is indicative of their induced expression in suppressing proliferation of cells in this disease. Other studies are also required to elucidate the exact role of microRNA by identifying their target genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]