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Background: With introduction of intracytoplasmic sperm injection with testicular sperm extraction or precutaneouse epididymal sperm aspiration, effective treatment was provided for azoospermic men. The aim of present study was to compare clinical outcome following intracytoplasmic sperm injection using extracted testicular/epididymal sperm or ejaculated severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermic sperm. Methods: After retrospective evaluation of more than four hundred medical records of patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection Mehr medical institute (between 2011-2012), 45 cycles with severe eligoasthenoteratozoospermia and 34 cycles with azoospermia were included. Patients were treated with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist. The clinical characteristics and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome such as the rate of fertilization, implantation and clinical pregnancy were compared between the two groups. Results were presented as mean±standard deviation and number (percent). Differences between variables were analyzed using student's t test and the chi-square test was used to examine differences between categorical variables. P value less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: Mean of female age (29±4.9 vs. 30.2±5.8), body mass index (26.9±5.3 vs. 26.9±3.8), estradiol level on human chorionic gonadotropin administration day (1375.6±843.9 vs. 1181.8±673.1), total number of retrieved oocytes (9.7±5.3 vs. 9.2±5.9) and metaphase II oocytes (7.7±5.1 vs. 7.5±5.4) were similar between the two groups. Of 436 and 313 retrieved oocytes, respectively 232 and 163 oocytes were fertilized in oligoasthenoteratozoospermic and azoospermic groups (53.2% vs. 52.1%, P=0.214). There were not statistical differences between groups in number of transferred top quality embryos (1.5±1.2 vs. 1±1.2, P=0.09), implantation rate (22.7% vs. 16.9%, P=0.238) and clinical pregnancy rate (21 (47.7%) vs. 11 (35.4%), P=0.199). Conclusion: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection with precutaneouse epididymal sperm aspiration and testicular sperm extraction are effective methods to treat azoospermic men and its clinical outcome were comparable to ejaculated sever oligoasthenoteratozoospermic cycles. It can be concluded that the influence of sperm quality and origin on intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome are the same. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinological disorders that affect approximately 5-7% of women in reproductive age. There is not any consensus about the efficient in vitro fertilization (IVF) protocol for patients with PCOS. The aim of the present study was to compare the half and one-third dose depot gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist protocols versus the GnRH antagonist protocol in PCOS patients. Methods: In the present study, we retrospectively evaluated 119 infertile women with PCOS. The patients entered in the study in accordance with Rotterdam criteria. According to GnRH analogue used for pituitary suppression, patients were divided into three groups: half and one-third dose depot GnRH agonist protocols and GnRH antagonist protocol. In GnRH agonist protocol, half or one-third dose depot Decapeptyl (1.875 mg, 1.25 mg) was injected on 21st day of previous cycle. In GnRH antagonist cycles, cetrotide 0.25 mg were administered daily when the leading follicles reached 14 mm. All basal and controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) characteristics were analyzed. Results: Basal characteristics including: age, FBS, prolactin, hirsutism, length of menstrual cycle were similar between 3 groups. Statically significant decreases in days of stimulation, number of gonadotrophin ampoules and metaphase II (MII) oocytes were found in GnRH antagonist protocol (P<0.001, P<0.001 and P=0.045), while the decrease in biochemical pregnancy (P=0.083) and live birth rate (P=0.169) wasn't significant. Number of embryos transferred were similar in the half and one-third dose depot GnRH agonist and GnRH antagonist cycles (P=0.881). The incidence of OHSS weren't significantly different between 3 groups (5%, 4.9% and 12.8%, P=0.308). Conclusion: Our study suggest that one-third dose depot GnRH agonist protocol could be a suitable choice for treatment of PCOS because of lower incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) as compared with half dose depot GnRH agonist and higher pregnancy rate as compared with GnRH antagonisten. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) is secreted from granulosa cells of growing follicles and is a useful marker of ovarian reserve. Fertility in women is determined by the quality and quantity of follicle pool and ovarian follicular reserve positively correlates with AMH. In this study we aimed to determine if AMH can predict ovarian response in IVF treatments. Methods: In this retrospective observational study undertaken in Mehr Institute during 2010 to 2011, we studied the medical records of 101 patients and recorded the concentrations of AMH, day two or three FSH, LH, basal estradiol (E2), E2 on day of HCG administration and the number of metaphase II oocytes. Having undergone ovarian hyperstimulation, the women were divided into three groups: poor responders (retrieved oocytes ⩽3), normal responders (retrieved oocytes 4 to 15) and high responders (retrieved oocytes ⩾16). Results: Overall, 20% of patients were defined as poor responders, 71% as average responders and 10% as high responders. There were significant differences in the concentration of AMH, E2 on day of HCG administration, FSH, the number of metaphase II oocytes and age between the three groups. MII oocyte count correlated positively with AMH (r=0.487), basal E2 (r=0.275) and LH (r=0.07) but it did negatively with FSH (r=-0.26) and age (r=-0.04). The areas under curve for AMH, FSH, LH, E2 and age were 0.799, 0.32, 0.429, 0.558 and 0.304, respectively. We determined the 0.85 ng/ml AMH concentration as the cut-off point with 71% specificity and 79% sensitivity for the prediction of poor responders. Conclusion: anti-müllerian hormone is an appropriate predicator of ovarian response following induction of ovulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]