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In order to study the effect of mycorrhizae and phosphate fertilizer on some physiological indices of growth and tuber yield of potato under moisture stress conditions, a field experiment was conducted in spring and summer of 2018 in Hamedan, west of Iran. This research was done as a factorial with three factors in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was moisture stress at three levels of irrigation after 60 (control), 80 and 100 mm evaporation from class A evaporation pan, the second factor was mycorrhizae (Glomus mossea) at two levels of application and non-application and the third factor was phosphate fertilizer at two levels of application and nonapplication. The results showed that in the absence of moisture stress, the maximum leaf area index decreased by 10.5% with use of mycorrhizae, but in moderate and severe moisture stress, the use of mycorrhizae increased it by 12.3% and 18.8%, respectively. Under severe moisture stress, mycorrhizae increased net assimilation rate and crop growth rate by 43.6% and 76%, respectively. At all three levels of moisture stress, the presence of mycorrhizae increased phosphorus agronomic efficiency. The presence of mycorrhizae in no-moisture stress had no effect on tuber yield, but at moderate and severe moisture stress, mycorrhizae improved it by 16.4% and 34.7%, respectively. In severe moisture stress condition, the application of phosphate increased tuber yield by only 15.8% compared to non-application of phosphate. Therefore, for potato production in conditions of moisture stress, the use of mycorrhizae with phosphate fertilizer is suitable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Certain chemical and biological parameters of the plants including secondary metabolite accumulation are affected during the establishment of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Since, secondary metabolites are important from many aspects like food and pharmaceutical industries and also plant defense system, many studies are focused on the effects of fungal inoculation on different growth parameters and secondary production in plants. In this study, after simultaneous inoculation of licorice seeds with two fungal species Glomus mosseae and G. intraradices effects of inoculation on growth parameters and secondary production in 6-mounths old samples were assessed. Percentage of colonization, plant growth parameters, phosphorus and zinc, amount of glycyrrhizin, the total phenolic compounds and total flavonoids were measured. Results showed that length of roots and stems were increased as well as the number of leaflets, fresh and dry weights of seedlings, as compared to the control plants. Amount of phosphorus and zinc were also increased in inoculated samples compared to the controls. Significant increases were also observed in secondary compounds of roots of the 6-mounths old plants (phenolic compounds, total flavonoids and glycyrrhizin) compared to the control samples. Results showed that simultaneous inoculation of licorice seeds with mycorrhizal arbuscular fungi G. mosseae and G. intraradices played an important role in increasing quantitative plant growth parameters and improving qualitative characteristics of medicinal plant licorice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]