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Considering the complexities and uncertainties that the 21st century city is facing today, the structural analysis of urban tissues and in this article the inefficient peripheral tissues of Ahvaz city as manifestations of urban poverty can improve the overall system and its quality that will be beneficial for urban planners and managers as well as for future residents. Therefore, the purpose of this article is structural analysis and recognition of the key and strategic factors of the urban poverty system of the inefficient marginal tissues of Ahvaz metropolis. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of nature and method, it is descriptive-analytical exploratory with a prospective approach. In order to determine the key variables (strategic drivers) of the urban poverty system, the mutual effects of the variables were estimated by 35 experienced experts in the form of a 49*49 matrix and analyzed through MICMAC software. The findings of the research show that due to the lack of influencing variables, the state of the poverty system in the target areas is unsustainable. Also, 9 strategic drivers can be identified: 1- low rent rate, 2- unemployment rate, 3- real dependency, 4- household dimension, 5- ratio of commercial use to total uses in the neighborhood, 6- availability of public services and facilities. 7- the rate of access to health care facilities, 8- the education of the head of the household, and 9- the area of the residential house (smallness). Also, in order to facilitate and speed up the implementation of the largest volume of the most important future, general and public measures, reforming the structures of urban poverty, upgrading and improving the state of the general system of poverty in the three economic, social and physicalenvironmental areas mentioned, as well as greater coordination in the inter-institutional relations of urban management In the target areas, the strategy of creating a neighborhood development center/institution with a focus on networking for sustainable community-oriented urban regeneration for entrepreneurship and empowerment; Creating balanced densities at the neighborhood level, reducing social damage, restoring the social dignity of neighborhoods; and renovation and improvement of the texture is suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the research is to identify and analyze the effective factors in the development of tourism in the city of Shush with a future research approach and to examine the extent and how these factors affect each other. The current research is based on the purpose of an applied development type. The method of collecting information is the library, documentary and field method. The statistical population of the research includes 20 experts related to tourism and urban and regional planning, with 56 variables in the form of six dimensions (macro and extra-provincial, economic, managerial, cultural and social, environmental, physical) using the method Delphi and expert opinion were identified. In order to analyze the data, the cross-effects matrix (MICMAC) has been used, which finally has 13 key factors: security and peace of tourism, government budget related to tourism, allocation of financial resources in the tourism sector, entrepreneurship, strengthening the local economy, competition, Tourism offices, tourism institutions and travel agencies, holding festivals, existence of handicrafts, participation of citizens, environmental tolerance capacity, development of recreational and entertainment facilities, suitable location of business centers have the greatest impact on the state of tourism development in the city of Shush. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The growth of urbanization and the globalization of the network of cities has made economic competition for promoting competitiveness between cities inevitable. When urban competitiveness is identified mainly with economic components, it leads to a limited understanding of urban competitiveness, which has negative consequences for policy-making because the rapid development of the urban economy is accompanied by increasing social and environmental problems in cities. In addition, given that globalization has provided a platform for the analysis of urban competitiveness, ignoring it will be incomplete subsequent analyses of urban competitiveness. The general fortune of metropolises in parts of the world, the environment of their activities are managed in the conditions of ever-increasing change, complexity and contradictions, therefore, in various fields, the power of decision-making can be examined in urban management, and during these changes, it is unprecedented, accepted. The current approach of urban management in the big cities of the country to urban development planning is mostly solutions for past problems. While these solutions once had relative validity, now they have lost their validity and have directly affected the increase of current problems. Because today cities are facing the phenomenon of globalization and they have to adapt themselves to globalization and use all their interests in order to have interactions with the global system and network of urban hierarchy while being influenced by them. Urban management in the 21st century requires familiarity with the dynamics of the city, especially understanding the changes in the city about the phenomenon of globalization. Because "today, cities are at the forefront of the development battle". The next generation will be replaced mostly in cities and this process has started in Iran since 1976-1986. Urban growth is both a threat and an opportunity. It is a threat if urban developments are not understood and a suitable strategy for managing cities in the long term is not prepared and formulated; there is an opportunity if after recognizing these developments, an urban management strategy is prepared and compiled, policies are designed according to it, policy tools are defined and executive levers are also identified. If the administration of the metropolis of Tabriz wants to coordinate itself with global developments and the phenomenon of globalization, it is required to know the dynamics of the city, get familiar with the governing mechanisms of the city, develop the strategy of the city administration and have the levers of urban management. Today, cities will not succeed unless they are at the global level, and being at the global level means being competitive at the level of the highest standards that are considered everywhere for goods, services, and the quality of life of people. Urban competitiveness means preparing to attract international, regional, and even local capital, improving urban economic indicators, having a knowledge-oriented city with educated and creative citizens, and increasing industrial, commercial, and commercial added value. (It should be noted that the added value and productivity in East Azarbaijan province is at a low level compared to the country and the reason is the lack and migration of skilled and specialized workers in the industrial and production fields), the growth of employment of workers with specialized skills, The improvement of commercial and commercial services, the growth of infrastructure and superstructures related to commerce, trade and housing, and finally the ability of strong management to advance goals and interact with the global network and international economy. Methodology: To measure sustainability with a competitiveness approach 33 different socioeconomic and physical indicators were used. At first, the indicators were entered into the geographic information system informationally and were compared with each other, then each component was weighted using the AHP model, and four cities were ranked in terms of sustainable development using the Vicor model. and at the end of MicMac software to extract the influencing matrix of indicators on each other with direct and indirect method of effective and key drivers such as population growth rate in the future, household dimensions, the amount of immigrants, the youth rate of the population, population density, increase The activity rate, the increase in literacy among men and women, the decrease in the unemployment rate and the decrease in the unemployment rate among educated people, as well as the decrease in the percentage of emigrants, were selected as factors and drivers affecting sustainable development. Location positions are divided into four types, each of which is placed in one of the four areas of effectiveness-reactivity. Two-dimensional variables have two common characteristics of influence and influence, and any change on these variables will affect and change other variables as well. These variables are placed in the northeastern part of the diagram and include (population youth ratio, population density, household size, population growth rate, incoming immigrants, outgoing immigrants, number of unemployed men, unemployed population of active people, amount of activity in the agricultural sector, industry and services). The adjusting variables are located near the center of gravity of the chart and can act as secondary levers of weak targets or "secondary risk" variables. Regulating variables according to the plan include (male and female literate population, relative share of employers). Independent variables are not affected by other variables of the system and do not affect them. These variables are located in the southern part of the diagram and have very little connection with the system, because they neither stop a main variable nor cause the evolution and progress of a variable in the system. These variables according to the plan include per capita uses (military, roads, facilities and urban equipment). Dependent variables are variables that have a small influence but a very high influence. Therefore, they are very sensitive to the evolution of influential and two-dimensional variables. These variables are the output of the system. According to the following plan, the dependent variables include (public sector wage earners, private sector wage earners and the relative share of employers, residential use per capita, cultural use per capita, industrial use per capita, educational use per capita). Results: A: Investigating the status of economic, social and cultural indicators of metropolises The ranking of metropolises was analyzed based on 33 economic, social and cultural indicators; So, in the economic indices, Mashhad city ranked first with a score of 0.000, Isfahan city ranked second with a score of 0.254, and Shiraz and Tabriz cities ranked third and fourth, respectively. In the study of social and cultural indicators, the city of Isfahan ranked first with a score of 0.40 in terms of the development of the social index, followed by the city of Tabriz at the 2nd place, Shiraz at the 3rd place, and Mashhad at the 4th place. In the examination of the physical indicators, Mashhad is ranked 1st in terms of physical development with a score of 0.00, and Isfahan is ranked 2nd, followed by Tabriz and finally Shiraz is ranked 4th.The findings of the research show that Mashhad metropolis is ranked 1st with an index of 0.00, Tabriz metropolis is ranked 4th with an index of 0.989, and Isfahan and Shiraz metropolises are ranked 2nd and 3rd with an index of 0.133 and 0.928, respectively. B: Stability-instability analysis of the system based on the impact plan and direct effectiveness The way the variables are distributed inside the diagram shows the level of stability or instability of the system. If the variables are placed as L in the diagram, the system is stable and this state of the system indicates the stability of the influencing variables and the continuity of their influence on other variables. If the variables are spread from the side of the coordinate axis to the end of the diagram and around it, the system is unstable and the lack of influential variables threatens the system. By examining the graph of the output of the research, it can be said that in the current situation, the sustainable urban development system is in an unstable condition. Discussion: The purpose of this research is to compare the indicators of sustainable urban development of four metropolises (Tabriz, Mashhad, Isfahan and Shiraz) and to investigate the place of Tabriz metropolis among the three metropolises of Shiraz, Isfahan and Mashhad in terms of development and also how Tabriz metropolis achieves It is the real historical position; Finally, presenting comprehensive proposals as integration, comprehensiveness and inclusion of various aspects of the development of the Tabriz metropolis in various scientific fields, knowledge-based technologies and cultural, social and economic development in the framework of the spatial development of the competitiveness of the Tabriz metropolis in The regional and national arena will be considered. Conclusion: In terms of competitiveness, cities have different characteristics that are rooted in the competitive advantages of that city, if these advantages are emphasized in planning at different urban and national levels, cities not only economically but also socially and physically environmentally They will be capable and will lead to the sustainable development of cities. If Tabriz metropolis wants to achieve its real position in the national and regional arenas in the future, it is inevitable to have strategies for the sustainable competitiveness of this city in all activity, scientific-cultural, technological and development, service fields, physical, commercial, commercial, etc., centered on a knowledge-based city and creative, cultured, and responsible citizens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-rise construction is one of the important approaches of the big cities of the world, which has become popular due to the increasing population growth, scarcity and high cost of land, and horizontal development of cities. One of the most important dimensions that has influenced the process of high-rise construction is the environmental dimension. For this reason, this study was done to evaluate the environmental effects of high-rise development in Ahvaz city using futurology approach. This study is practical in terms of its purpose and analytical-exploratory in terms of its nature and method. To collect the data, a questionnaire and Delphi technique and document-library studies were used. The findings showed that among the 33 main factors affecting the environmental sustainability of high-rise construction in Ahvaz city, 18 variables are key and influential factors. The variables that have the most influence on the environmental future of high-rise development in Ahvaz city are population factors, attention to the economic values of recycling, access to sunlight, bicycles, lack of urban parks and open spaces, temperature, humidity, wind, touch, compliance of environmental laws with the landscape, ecological elements, land and soil conditions, pedestrian crossing, topography and geology, development of environmental diplomacy plans, smell, public transportation, and socio-cultural issues. Due to the high influence of the microclimatic and socio-cultural factors regarding environmental sustainability on the high-rise building process by Ahvaz city officials, considering the issues can determine the success or failure of the sustainable environmental indicators of Ahvaz city high-rise development. Finally, solutions are suggested to improve the current situation, which require the serious attention of managers and urban planners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objectives: Future studies, an essential knowledge domain, can aid in creating a better future for ourselves and our society. This study investigates the factors affecting forestry projects in central Zagros, Iran, using a Future Studies Approach. This applied research utilizes analytical approaches and exploratory techniques over a 25-year horizon. Methodology: This research was conducted in the central Zagros forests, specifically in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. The data collection method employed in this research encompassed document analysis and questionnaire implementation. Initially, documents and guidelines for monitoring and evaluating natural resource management plans were utilized to collect the required information. Subsequently, a set of factors affecting the implementation of forestry projects were identified. From these factors (68 in total), 18 effective factors were selected through interviews with forest experts (academics and practitioners) and input into the MicMac software as a matrix of reciprocal effects. This was done by 15 experts with over 10 years of experience in implementing forestry projects in the central Zagros. These experts included those from the Department of Natural Resources and Watershed Management of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, the Office of Forests Outside the North in the Organization of Natural Resources and Watershed Management of Iran, and professors from the Department of Forestry at Shahrekord University. They were selected by targeted sampling. The degree of relationship between the variables, based on influence and effectiveness, was scored from zero to three. The scores were then averaged and entered into the MikMak software as a cross-impact matrix. Results: The results obtained showed a matrix density of 89.19%, indicating that the selected variables had a significant and diverse impact on each other, resulting in an unstable system. Out of a total of 324 relationships, 35 had zero influence, showing no cross-impact between the variables. There were 82 relationships with low impact, 132 with medium impact, and 75 with high impact. The matrix analysis of direct influence revealed that the coordination of officials with local people and the use of pioneer species were among the regulatory variables. Factors such as restoration, breeding operations, understory agriculture, grazing, and identification of local users were among the independent variables. The selected effective factors were categorized into four components: economic, social, forestry, and management. Based on the analysis of direct effects, factors such as income, livelihood, employment, public protection, public trust in officials, use of nonwood forest products, empowerment of local communities, participation of local communities, provisioning services, and regional development were identified as effective factors in the implementation of forestry projects. Based on the analysis of indirect influences, the participation factor had a very strong effect on development and people's trust in officials. The local people's participation factor had a strong effect on empowerment, and the development factor had a strong effect on livelihood. Conclusion: The most significant problems in the forestry projects of Zagros are socio-economic issues, primarily because the implementation of these projects has not yielded economic benefits for the forest dwellers. The success or failure of activities related to the implementation of the forestry plan in any region depends on the economic level of local communities, their level of trust in officials, and the participation or non-participation of stakeholders in the same region. This is achieved when the role of local communities is clearly defined and assigned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most basic principles of urban planning and management is to pay attention to the changes and transformations of the population and to know enough about its population structure. Considering that the effect of historical developments and social, political and economic factors on the balance of the population structure is not the same in all parts of the city, the city will face spatial changes in the population structure of urban areas. This issue has led to the formation of different needs among urban areas and the change of urban land use. The aim of the current research is to evaluate the role of population structures on urban land use changes in Ahvaz metropolis. In terms of practical purpose, in terms of descriptive-analytical nature and in terms of method, the present research is a combination of library and survey methods and is based on future research approach. The scope of the research was the city of Ahvaz. The statistical population of this research is 40 people of population and urban land use experts. For data analysis, the Delphi method, the cross-effects matrix (MICMAC) was used. The findings of the research showed that among the 39 main factors affecting the role of population structures on urban land use changes, 14 variables are known as key and influential. that these variables have the most influence and the least influence on the future development of the role of population structures and urban land use changes in Ahvaz city. Also, the results showed that in terms of the direct influence of variables such as immigration with a score of 71, social welfare and population density with scores of 63 and 61, and the variables that have an indirect effect on the population structure and urban land use change are immigration, population density and social welfare, respectively. They are located in the first to third positions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land use planning plays a crucial role in urban planning by addressing urban needs, tackling land scarcity challenges, and determining the physical growth of cities. Urban redevelopment, specifically the revitalization of vacant and abandoned lands, serves as an effective strategy to optimize land utilization, mitigate pollution, and enhance the socioeconomic urban environment. In this study, a foresight approach is adopted, employing descriptive-analytical methods to conduct a structural analysis of the factors involved in infill development in the Bronsi barracks brownfields located in Mashhad. Data collection was conducted through secondary research and surveys, with a statistical sample comprising eight purposively selected urban experts. A total of 15 variables associated with sustainable brownfield planning were identified, encompassing physical-spatial, socioeconomic, managerial-institutional, and environmental aspects. These variables were further classified into five groups: influential, double-faceted, susceptible, independent, and regulatory. To evaluate the relationships among the variables, the Micmac software was utilized, and subsequent scenarios including probable and favorable outcomes were determined. The analysis highlighted the priority of three key factors in inactive lands: land price, accessibility to services and facilities, and the number of land uses. These findings are of great significance and should be taken into consideration by urban decision-makers not only in the studied sites but also in similar areas.

Rural tourism is a part of the tourism market and a source of employment and income, and it can be considered an essential tool for the economic, social, and ecological development of rural communities. The leading research based on the need for long-term planning in the field of rural tourism in Heris City, which is one of the most susceptible regions in the country in attracting rural tourism with various factors, is trying to reach a convincing answer to the question that the key and influencing factors on the future development of rural tourism in the city. Where is Heris? Based on the purpose, this is an applied study, and in terms of its nature and method, it is a descriptive-analytical study based on a prospective approach. Data collection tools included the use of (library) documents and interviews. To calculate validity, content and form validity methods and techniques were used. The reliability rate for "structural effects analysis" was 0.82. The panel of respondents consisted of 30 university professors and planning and development experts. This study identified 21 variables as primary factors and analyzed them with MicMac software. To determine the key drivers effective on the rural tourism approach of Heris City, based on the results of two methods, including "rank of variables in each mode" and "the total effect of variables in all modes," the key and effective factors were selected, which are "use of culture and rural art in presenting designs" and "paying attention to all levels and strata of society in presenting designs." Introduction Many development planners and policymakers refer to the tourism industry as the central pillar of sustainable development. Rural tourism is also considered a part of the tourism industry, which can play an influential role in developing these areas. As a result, proper planning and identifying the advantages and limitations of rural tourism, will achieve national development and diversification of the national economy. Leading research based on the need for long-term planning in the field of rural tourism in Heris City, which, with various factors, is one of the most susceptible regions in the country in attracting rural tourism, and due to its brilliant historical background and the presence of diverse weather, the scenic attractions have the ability to develop rural tourism. However, due to incorrect planning, it has yet to be successful in this field. According to the stated contents, the present research is trying to reach a convincing answer to the question of the key and influencing factors on the future development of rural tourism in Heris County. Materials and Methods In terms of the purpose, this is applied research, and in terms of the nature and method, it is of descriptive-analytical type, based on the prospective approach from the time dimension. According to the existing studies, the methods of obtaining information in the field of economic-social studies can be categorized in different ways. Based on the research objectives, data collection methods, and tools, including using documents, library documents, and interviews. To calculate validity, content and form validity methods and techniques were used so that it was accompanied by the guidance of scholars in this field to determine how well the questions represent the content and objectives of the research. Cronbach's alpha method was used to measure the reliability of the research questionnaire. According to each section, the questionnaire was provided to professors and experts in the mentioned field, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated in SPSS software. The reliability level for "structural effects analysis" is 0.82. The panel of respondents consists of 30 university professors in the fields of rural and urban planning, regional planning and tourism, social sciences, and economics, as well as planning and development experts, including experts from the Nomadic Affairs Organization, Sports and Youth Administration, Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization, East Azarbaijan province, and Heris city. The present study identified 21 variables as primary factors and analyzed data with MicMac software. In the cross matrix, the sum of the row numbers of each factor, the amount of influence, and the column sums of each factor shows the influence from other factors. Discussion and Results The number of 21 influencing variables on rural tourism development in Heris County was selected using the panel interview session. Then, by forming a 21 x 21 matrix, the effects of each index on the other were identified with the number zero to three using the mutual effects analysis method. Then, the matrix results were entered into MicMac software and analyzed to extract the drivers. To structurally analyze the mutual effects of factors on each other, a 21x21 matrix was formed. The filling degree of the matrix is 92.063%, which shows that the selected factors had a large and scattered effect on each other, and in fact, the system was in an unstable state. Out of 385 relationships that can be evaluated in this matrix, 35 relationships are zero, meaning that the factors did not influence on or were not influenced by each other. Eighty-seven relationships have been established on number one, 157 on number two, and 162 on number three. Conclusions What can be understood from the state of the dispersion plane of the effective variables is the state of instability of the system. Most of the variables are scattered around the diagonal axis of the plane. Except for a few limited factors that show that they have a high impact on the system, the rest of the variables have almost the same status. To determine the key drivers effective on the rural tourism approach of Heris City, based on the results of two methods including "rank of variables in each of the states" and "total impact of variables in all states," the key and effective factors have been selected as follows. Utilizing rural culture and art in presenting plans; Attention to all levels and strata of society in presenting plans; Emphasizing intellectual independence and not imitating foreign models in the design of rural tourism projects; Looking at rural tourists as cultural ambassadors; Designing suitable spaces for holding ceremonies and traditional rituals using cultural symbols (designing cultural routes for tourists); and introducing the projects done on different sites in different languages. Therefore, the vital and effective drivers that can be pointed out in this research for the planning approach of rural tourism development in Heris are the factors that emphasize all the studied aspects of the subject.

One of the main factors in increasing income and employment, as the most important pillar of livable cities, is attracting the creative class and investors. Implementing innovative plans and making basic investments in line with sustainable development requires many conditions and fields, one of the most important of which is the availability of cultural and social fields. But so far, this field and categories have been less in the focus of attention. For this purpose, in this study, an attempt was made to take into account the role and position of culture and social contexts in attracting investors to the city of Mashhad by using the descriptive-analytical method. For this purpose, emphasis was mainly placed on the main drivers of this field. To reach this goal, the required information was collected from library and field sources. In the field part, the research sample included 30 qualified people in this field, who were selected by purposeful sampling. Micmac software was also used for data analysis. The results showed that the factors that influence the attraction of the creative class and investors and the increase of targeted investments in the city of Mashhad are: Investment in research and development, laws and regulations, number of resident foreigners, information and communication technology, appropriate financing, flight destinations and active airlines, rate of invention and innovation, level of literacy and education, performance evaluation and reward system, financial policies, flexible financial systems, scientific and technical exchanges and interaction between university and industry.

One of the main factors in increasing income and employment, as the most important pillar of livable cities, is attracting the creative class and investors. Implementing innovative plans and making basic investments in line with sustainable development requires many conditions and fields, one of the most important of which is the availability of cultural and social fields. But so far, this field and categories have been less in the focus of attention. For this purpose, in this study, an attempt was made to take into account the role and position of culture and social contexts in attracting investors to the city of Mashhad by using the descriptive-analytical method. For this purpose, emphasis was mainly placed on the main drivers of this field. To reach this goal, the required information was collected from library and field sources. In the field part, the research sample included 30 qualified people in this field, who were selected by purposeful sampling. Micmac software was also used for data analysis. The results showed that the factors that influence the attraction of the creative class and investors and the increase of targeted investments in the city of Mashhad are: Investment in research and development, laws and regulations, number of resident foreigners, information and communication technology, appropriate financing, flight destinations and active airlines, rate of invention and innovation, level of literacy and education, performance evaluation and reward system, financial policies, flexible financial systems, scientific and technical exchanges and interaction between university and industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Nowadays, due to the increasing growth of urbanization, especially in developing countries, the innovation of urban prosperity is one of the key human development issues facing the world. Prosperity is a broad concept that is related to balanced and harmonious development in an environment with fairness and justice.Data and Method: This research has practical-developmental goals and its nature and method is analytical-exploratory. In the theoretical part of this research, the required data and information have been collected using the library method, and in the field part, the required data has been obtained using a questionnaire based on the Delphi technique. In this research, our statistical population includes specialists and experts of Yazd city, and 30 people were selected as a sample from the statistical population by using the targeted non-probability sampling method. Then, using the Delphi method and completing the questionnaire by experts, 43 primary variables were identified. In the next step, the matrix of cross effects was designed to measure the influence of the variables on each other and was provided to the experts for scoring. The results were analyzed using the structural analysis technique and MICMAC software, and finally, from a total of 43 primary influencing variables, 10 factors were identified as the key driving factors affecting the urban prosperity of Yazd.Results::Findings shows that the most influence among the five dimensions is related to 1- Justice and non-discrimination with 28.93%, 2- Quality of life 21.23%, 3- 18.71%.Also, the most dependent among the five dimensions is related to 1- Justice and non-discrimination with 29.24%, 2- quality of life 23.58%, 3- productivity17.40%.Conclusion: The Conclusion show that among the key drivers affecting the future prosperity of the city of Yazd are the variables, the area of worn-out fabric (372), access to water resources (372), youth unemployment (352), poverty rate (348), Participation of people in government (338), average income (331), the percentage of marginalized households (331), the percentage of women's employment (321), and the ratio of employment to population (310), Savings rate (307) have had the most impact. The conclusion shows that the urban development system in Yazd city is unstable and the lack of influencing variables threatens the stability of the system.

Nowadays, sustainable development has been proposed by experts as an important strategy to improve the quality of life of citizens and the sustainability of resources due to the increase in the population of cities and the increase in pressure on resources. Meanwhile, the metropolis of Kermanshah has many social, economic, natural, and environmental issues and problems. Therefore, according to these issues, the aim of the study is to identify the most important driving forces on the sustainable development of Kermanshah with a future research approach. The purpose of the study is applied and the method is based on structure analysis. The required data and information have been collected by library methods and the Delphi method (use of elite opinions). The statistical sample of the research consists of 50 experts, managers, and relevant researchers. The key drivers were identified using MICMAC software. According to the output obtained from the software, the saturation index obtained for the variables with two times data rotations is 91.80 percent, which confirms the strong influence of the variables on each other and shows the efficiency of the information obtained from the opinions of the elites. The results show that the drivers empowering the urban infrastructure in the field of smart city and electronic city, government credits, tourism, and border location have the highest net effect on the sustainable development of Kermanshah. Also, out of 2500 valid output scenarios, 5 scenarios with the highest inertia (high validity, repeatability, and probability of occurrence) have been presented as final scenarios. Finally, according to the obtained results, suggestions were made in the direction of moving the intermediate scenarios toward the favorable and sustainable development of the Kermanshah metropolis based on the upcoming scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The imbalance in the spatial distribution of developments causes the formation of areas in which there is a clear contradiction in the development of central and peripheral areas. Such contradictions ultimately lead to changes in the quality of social and economic indicators, especially those related to poverty and livelihoods; There is a clear difference between these variables between rural and urban settlements in the provinces, which ultimately has led to the evacuation of most rural settlements. In the present study, with interpretive-structural analysis of the functional system of Semnan province, it has been tried to use the opinions of experts in the form of interviews and questionnaires, by examining the relationships between 80 variables and also using MICMAC software, production processes and poverty reproduction. Identify strategic variables for the evolution of this system. The results of the study show that the variable of water shortage has been one of the most important factors in the migration of the active population of villages to cities and as a result their evacuation. On the other hand, the value-added variables of total economic activities, capital flow, concentration of employment in cities, migration, concentration of active population in cities, existence of industrial estates and spatial and political dispersion of power in cities, by creating a sequence, have reproduced poverty in rural areas; Accordingly, by investing in the variables of water resources transfer and dam construction, improving the quality of the network of roads between urban and rural areas, as well as improving the agricultural sector and production in rural areas, unemployment and income reduction can be reduced and subsequently poverty can be prevented.

Introduction: Nowadays, due to the increasing growth of urbanization, especially in developing countries, the innovation of urban prosperity is one of the key human development issues facing the world. Prosperity is a broad concept that is related to balanced and harmonious development in an environment with fairness and justice. Data and Method: This research has practical-developmental goals and its nature and method is analytical-exploratory. In the theoretical part of this research, the required data and information have been collected using the library method, and in the field part, the required data has been obtained using a questionnaire based on the Delphi technique. In this research, our statistical population includes specialists and experts of Yazd city, and 30 people were selected as a sample from the statistical population by using the targeted non-probability sampling method. Then, using the Delphi method and completing the questionnaire by experts, 43 primary variables were identified. In the next step, the matrix of cross effects was designed to measure the influence of the variables on each other and was provided to the experts for scoring. The results were analyzed using the structural analysis technique and MICMAC software, and finally, from a total of 43 primary influencing variables, 10 factors were identified as the key driving factors affecting the urban prosperity of Yazd. Results:: Findings shows that the most influence among the five dimensions is related to 1- Justice and non-discrimination with 28.93%, 2- Quality of life 21.23%, 3- 18.71%. Also, the most dependent among the five dimensions is related to 1- Justice and non-discrimination with 29.24%, 2- quality of life 23.58%, 3- productivity 17.40%. Conclusion: The Conclusion show that among the key drivers affecting the future prosperity of the city of Yazd are the variables, the area of worn-out fabric (372), access to water resources (372), youth unemployment (352), poverty rate (348), Participation of people in government (338), average income (331), the percentage of marginalized households (331), the percentage of women's employment (321), and the ratio of employment to population (310), Savings rate (307) have had the most impact. The conclusion shows that the urban development system in Yazd city is unstable and the lack of influencing variables threatens the stability of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, the application of technology in banks as a solution to organizational problems has created the emergence of the new dimension of the concept of “technological entrepreneurship». The aim of the current research was to design and apply a technological entrepreneurship model in the banking industry with a hybrid approach. The method was descriptive-correlation. In the first step, the factors on technological entrepreneurship were extracted through a systematic review of the research background and confirmed through semi-structured interviews with 20 academic experts and managers of the banking industry using the fuzzy Delphi method. The output of this stage was 36 components, categorized in 7 dimensions (inter-organizational, structural, institutional, skill, management, market and customer interactions, technology). Then, in the second step, the dimensions were leveled with interpretive structural modeling method and clustered with Micmac analysis, which was analyzed using Excel software. The results showed that the market dimension and customers are at the first level, the dimensions of inter-organizational, institutional, skill, and management interactions are at the second level, the structural dimension is at the third level, and the technology dimension is at the fourth level, so it is considered the most salient dimension and the structural dimensions, Institutional, technology in the independent cluster and management dimension in the linked cluster and the dimensions of inter-organizational, skill, market and customer interactions are placed in the dependent cluster and finally it can be said: one of the important factors of economic growth and increasing the power of banks in the field of competitiveness, special attention to technological entrepreneurship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regional inequality as one of the existing forms of inequality is one of the issues in the system of opportunity and its presence / absence and intensity / weakness has an important effect on the order and cohesion of society at different levels and dimensions. This is a serious problem, especially in developing countries. Due to the importance of this issue, this study seeks to identify the factors affecting regional inequality in Iran. The present study is a descriptive-exploratory study and the statistical population of the study consists of experts familiar with the issue of inequality and development of regions in Iran. Snowball, 10 of them were selected as a statistical sample of the study. Also, Content analysis, structural-interpretive modeling (ISM) and MICMAC analysis were also used to analyze the data. The results showed that out of 47 initially identified factors, 14 factors, including factors of poor planning, decisions of managers and planners and poor access to facilities and equipment, in calculating content validity, CVR coefficient above 0.75 and were recognized as the final factors of regional inequality. Also, the leveling of factors showed that the relevant factors can be classified into six levels. The factors of unique resources and capabilities were at the lowest level with 29% subscription and the factors of government centralism and inefficiency were at the highest level with 90% and 91% subscription. Their classification also showed that the factors of manpower constraint (with influence 10 and degree of dependence 5), lack of financial and investment resources (with influence 8 and degree of dependence 7) and lack of attention to research (with influence 13 and the degree of dependence 5) are the key factors of regional inequality and have a great impact on inequality.

The imbalance in the spatial distribution of developments causes the formation of areas in which there is a clear contradiction in the development of central and peripheral areas. Such contradictions ultimately lead to changes in the quality of social and economic indicators, especially those related to poverty and livelihoods; There is a clear difference between these variables between rural and urban settlements in the provinces, which ultimately has led to the evacuation of most rural settlements. In the present study, with interpretive-structural analysis of the functional system of Semnan province, it has been tried to use the opinions of experts in the form of interviews and questionnaires, by examining the relationships between 80 variables and also using MICMAC software, production processes and poverty reproduction. Identify strategic variables for the evolution of this system. The results of the study show that the variable of water shortage has been one of the most important factors in the migration of the active population of villages to cities and as a result their evacuation. On the other hand, the value-added variables of total economic activities, capital flow, concentration of employment in cities, migration, concentration of active population in cities, existence of industrial estates and spatial and political dispersion of power in cities, by creating a sequence, have reproduced poverty in rural areas; Accordingly, by investing in the variables of water resources transfer and dam construction, improving the quality of the network of roads between urban and rural areas, as well as improving the agricultural sector and production in rural areas, unemployment and income reduction can be reduced and subsequently poverty can be prevented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractAn agile supply chain can respond quickly and cost-effectively to unexpected changes in the market and increase the levels of environmental turmoil regarding both volume and variety. This study aims to present a model for the interactions of pharmaceutical supply chain agility (SCA) factors. In this study, the interactions of variables influencing pharmaceutical SCA were determined using the interpretive structural modeling (ISM) approach. The variables affecting SCA were extracted through library research and thematic literature, and the final variables were entered into the model using experts' views. These variables were classified according to their strength and dependence into 10 levels and 17 variables, and the relationships were determined at different levels. The results show that the indices of information technology, information sharing and organization integrity are the foundation of the supply chain agility and are the most influential indicators. MicMac analysis and the DEMATEL technique were used to test and confirm the model. ISM provides a way by which order can be imposed on the complexity of such variables. This insight from the model helps strategic planning managers to improve the SCA.IntroductionThe supply chain (SC) aims to deliver the right product, in the right quantity, under the right conditions, at the right time and place for the right cost. In recent years, the production field has moved to a new paradigm called agile manufacturing. The agile manufacturing paradigm was presented as a solution to management problems and environmental changes and strategies that keep organizations competitive (Landaran et a.l, 2014). Supply chain management (SCM) is also of strategic importance in healthcare. Inequality in health care delivery and complexities persist in healthcare systems worldwide. This highlights the need for efficient healthcare SCM. The pharmaceutical supply chain (PSC) represents the path through which good quality pharmaceutical products are delivered to the final consumer at the right place and time (Pitta & Laric, 2004). Managing such an SC is so sensitive that no activity less than 100 percent of the customer service level is acceptable, as it will directly influence the health and safety of the community (Zheng et al., 2006). This study, considering the importance of SC in the pharmaceutical industry, identified the factors affecting the agility of the PSC. Using the ISM technique, a map of relationships between different elements, concepts, or dimensions with different levels was drawn. Then, after reviewing the theoretical foundations and literature, we present the research methodology, findings, discussion, and conclusion.Case studyThis study was conducted to provide a model for agile SC in the pharmaceutical industry.Theoretical foundationsIn recent years, organizational agility has been derived from the organizations' needs to complement the earlier paradigms (Ghorani et al., 2016). The SCA is widely considered an essential element affecting corporate competition because companies with agile SC perform better in response to unforeseen events (Tse et al., 2016). Agility is a significant paradigm for progress and survival in today's business. In recent decades, marketing companies have focused only on money, but companies have also had to increase speed, quality, and resilience. Companies are looking to improve their agility in order to increase these factors. Agility is the ability of a system to establish an appropriate response mechanism in the event of uncertainty (Jain & Gupta, 2016). It can be claimed that SCA is a tool that helps the company achieve a competitive advantage at the firm level (wu et al., 2017). The pharmaceutical SC is the means through which critical medicines are distributed and delivered to the final consumer in the right quantity, at the right place, and at the right time (Mehralian et al., 2012). PSC is so sensitive that no activity less than 100 percent of the customer service level is acceptable, as it will be directly related to patients' health and safety. Therefore, most pharmaceutical companies try to store a large volume of inventory to ensure 100% accountability (Chandrasekaran & Kumar, 2003).MethodologyThis study aims to present a model for the interactions of pharmaceutical SCA factors. By exploring the thematic literature, the factors affecting SCA were extracted, and then, based on nine experts' views, the pharmaceutical SCA factors were determined. Since this study seeks to develop knowledge and help managers apply agile SCM in the pharmaceutical industry, it is methodologically applied and developmental research conducted through a survey study with a hybrid (qualitative and quantitative) approach. The purposive or judgmental sampling method was used according to experts' knowledge of the pharmaceutical industry. Then, using the ISM method and the relevant experts' views, the factors were extracted and classified, and their relationship was determined. The population consisted of academic and pharmaceutical experts with good experience. This study used library and field research methods for data collection. The library research method from internal and external sources in journal articles, books, and dissertations on SCA formulated theoretical foundations and literature reviews. The field research method was also used in interviews with experts.Discussion and findingsThe SCA prerequisite is to find the leading and influential factors and establish a relationship between them. Therefore, in this study, with an extensive review of the literature, the factors affecting the SCA were presented in Table 2, and according to experts, 17 dimensions affecting the SCA were determined. This study sought to present a model for the interactions of pharmaceutical SCA factors. The ISM approach was used to classify and level the SCA components. A model with 10 levels and 17 dimensions was presented following its steps. According to Fig.1, the study results showed that the dimensions of "IT utilization," "information integrity (knowledge sharing)," and "integrated processes (organizational integrity)" are at the bottom of the ISM model, respectively, which indicates a significant impact on other dimensions. In other words, the pharmaceutical SCA prerequisites are the dimensions that should be given more attention. "IT utilization," "skills development," and "competency building" are the most influential dimensions, and "increased customer trust and satisfaction" are the most dependent elements in the PSC. The MicMac analysis also confirms the results.ConclusionThis study showed that pharmaceutical SCA depended on customer satisfaction, new product launch, continuous improvement, cost reduction, increased trust, and reduced uncertainty. These indicators are highly dependent on other indicators to provide the necessary capabilities for agility, of which IT utilization is one of these capabilities. Another requirement is to establish systems that can be used to be aware of changes in consumer tastes. Utilizing manufacturing technologies that provide the flexibility needed by the organization is another requirement for agility. On the other hand, holding continuous training courses needed by employees to develop their skills and competencies is an essential requirement for agility. Also, integrated planning must be done for the entire SC. In this way, all SC parts should move towards a common goal to create sufficient interaction, and differences between different parts do not slow down customer response. A combination of dimensions such as integrated processes, non-dependence on a supplier, and proper planning has a driving force and moderate dependence requiring careful management attention to increase SCA, as minor changes in the level of these indicators may severely affect SCA.

Introduction Recognizing and examining the housing situation in a country depends on identifying and analyzing the factors affecting housing. To assess the housing situation, housing indicators that express the quantity and quality of different dimensions of housing can be studied. Indicators are tools to measure the housing situation and its evolution, as well as assess the success rate and implementation of housing policies. Paying attention to the quantitative and qualitative indicators of housing is one of the most important issues in housing planning. Housing, as the most basic human need, has become very important in the life of urban communities, so that it has become one of the most effective components of measuring the quality and well-being of citizens. Futures studies are now well over 50 years old. Discussants pointed out that the term ‘futurology’ was first introduced by Ossip Flechteim in his 1966 book History and Futurology. Eleonora Masini suggested that Flechteim himself did not have a great deal of confidence in the term, nor was he sure whether the said discipline was a ‘science’ or a ‘prescientific’ branch of knowledge. But he was certain that the new field ranged from ‘the destiny of man, the future of his society to the entire range of his future cultural activities. The strongest defense of ‘futurology’ was provided by Pentti Malaska. Malaska argued, describes ‘what futures knowledge is all about – not only epistemologically, i.e. how to acquire knowledge of the future with different techniques for this or that pragmatic purpose but especially ontologically, i.e. what the knowledge of the future may mean. Dator’s First Law of Futures states, ‘The future cannot be ‘‘predicted’’ but alternative futures can be ‘‘forecasted’’. Warren Wagar in his The Next Three Futures and in tracing the history of future studies consistently uses the term ‘futurism’. Futures studies are a mosaic of approaches, objectives, and methods, and many parts of it are in different stages of evolution. Methodology The present research is applied in terms of its purpose and is descriptive-analytical in terms of its nature. To collect data has been used of statistical yearbooks, censuses of different periods as well as completing a questionnaire from 40 experts in the field of housing. To analyze the data and determine the strategic indicators has been used of the method of structural/cross-impact analysis approach with MICMAC software and to determine the most probable scenarios has been used of Wizard scenario software. Results and Discussion In the last 40 years in the metropolis of Tabriz, housing has improved in all quantitative indicators except the average number of rooms in a residential unit. Reasons for the decrease in the number of rooms in a residential unit are the change in the architectural style of houses and the transformation of households from widespread to nuclear. Information on the infrastructure of ​​residential units also shows that the infrastructure is moving towards standardization and the number of residential units with very low and very high infrastructure has been decreasing. Regarding the quality of housing, all indicators indicate an improvement of trend in the last 40 years, and the only indicator of the housing ownership, despite the increase in the number of owner-occupied households, shows a decrease in the percentage of owners and an increase in the percentage of tenants. Also among the 16 indicators affecting the quantitative and qualitative status of housing in the metropolis of Tabriz, 5 indicators of the average infrastructure of the residential unit, housing with a lifespan of fewer than 30 years, household density in the residential unit, person density in the residential unit and the average room in the residential unit known as strategic and key variables in the future state of housing and two scenarios were identified as the most likely scenarios in the housing sector in the metropolis of Tabriz. In the first scenario, we will see a decrease in the infrastructure of housing units, a decrease in household density and individual density in a housing unit, and a decrease in the average number of rooms per housing, and an increase in units with a lifespan of fewer than 30 years. In the second scenario, we will see the stability of the infrastructure of housing units, the stability of household density and individual density in the housing unit, and the stability average of rooms in housing, and continue to increase housing with a lifespan of fewer than 30 years. Conclusion The results of the present study show that all quantitative indicators of the housing situation in Tabriz have been improved in the last 40 years and only a slight downward trend is observed in the average room index in each residential unit. We also see acceptable growth in housing quality indicators. Although the research results indicate an improving trend in housing quality and quantity indicators in the Tabriz metropolis, there is still a long way to reach the ideal housing conditions. Therefore, to achieve a better quantitative and qualitative status of housing in Tabriz metropolis, conduct comprehensive housing plan studies, employ housing specialists and professors to plan and policy in the field of housing, identify diverse population groups and consider all population groups, age and income and construction of housing in accordance with the needs of each group, using the experiences and studies of successful countries in the field of housing and their adaptation to demographic, cultural and economic conditions of the geographical area and more emphasis on effective housing indicators along with other indicators in housing planning and construction is suggested.

Introduction At present, the growth of the urban population of the world is faster than the world's largest, with more than half of the population living in urban areas. This fact has created many environmental and socio-economic problems on a large scale, especially in developing countries. Therefore, the high urbanization rate and the lack of urban infrastructure on the one hand, and the reduction of land with environmentally valuable land in the cities, on the other hand, reveals the need for a review of the process of change and the prediction of the expansion of cities in the coming years. Foresight science is an interdisciplinary knowledge that, in addition to analysing the trends of the past, has been able to discover, invent, and evaluate possible, probable and desirable future, and transformed the dispersed and inconsistent literature on planning for the future into scientifically codified with solid principles. In this regard, environmental futures research is a process of systematic and accountable effort to address the long-term future with the aim of identifying strategic research areas and the emergence of inclusive environmental technologies, which, while embracing the economic and social benefits of citizens, also minimize the potential for potential losses. Urban environment and provide favourable environmental scenarios, taking into account sustainable development patterns. This research has been designed with the aim of identifying the development indicators of the city of Sardrood including social, economic and environmental dimensions and defining the directions of the city development. During this process, the environmental consequences of its development will be explored with the future-oriented and futuristic approach in the event of its accession to the metropolis of Tabriz. Methods and material This research is based on the objective, applied and descriptive-analytical method. Initially, the required data and indices were prepared using library questionnaires and social, economic and environmental indicators. Then, in the MICMAC software designed for structural analysis, the impact of the indicators produced on each other and on the growth and development of the city was studied. Then, with the Scenario wizard software, the scenarios needed for key factors and driving force behind the development of the city were presented. Results and Discussion The initial variables affecting the future of the system were collected and analyzed using the Delphi technique, and finally, 59 variables were extracted in different dimensions. In order to analyze the effective variables, the structural analysis method was used using MICMAC software and the experts. The distribution of variables indicates that the system is unstable. The direct and indirect effects of variables on each other and on the future of the system were examined by experts and finally, 13 effective factors were obtained from a total of 59 primary factors. In this study, "the type of attitude in the annexation of the city of Sardrood to the metropolis of Tabriz" was identified as the most influential factor. In the final part of the study, a scenario was performed and for each of the key factors, the probable situations were identified. A total of 53 statuses were compiled and to examine the effect of each of the probable situations on other situations, the questionnaires were provided to the experts and entered into the scenario software for analysis of the results. Finally, there were three strong, more likely to occur scenarios, 9,999 poor scenarios, and 13 reasonable and believable scenarios by considering incredible scenarios, there are 169 statuses for them, of which only 24 are highly desirable and 44 are in a desirable process and the rest of the state is static, undesirable, or critical, which does not represent a desirable future for the future of the system. Conclusion This research was carried out with the aim of evaluating the environmental consequences of the development of the city of Sardasht and its annexation to Tabriz's capital city. In the first step, by using the questionnaire tool, 59 factors were identified and evaluated by the experts on the future of the system in various dimensions and entered into the software to determine the key factors. Since the system software was identified as unstable, variables were classified into five general categories, which eventually identified 13 indicators out of 59 indicators as the main factors. In the following, 53 potential scenarios were designed for key factors that indicate the future of key factors. Then, to assess the impact and scenarios of these situations, they were compared through a questionnaire and their results were analyzed using the Wizard scenario software. The software provided 9,999 weak, 13 credible scenarios, and three strong scenarios. For credible scenarios, the status of the future of the ruling system is 169, of which 68 are favorable and 101 are unfavorable. Consequently, even in the case of favorable scenarios, the optimal future for the system is not expected.

Considering the need to take appropriate measures for the military organizations of the country in the field of human resource agility, the present study seeks to investigate the key drivers affecting the development of human resource agility in military organizations. The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method. In this study, library resources and interviews with experts were used to formulate theoretical foundations and select drivers, and the MICMAC questionnaire was used to collect data. The study population consisted of military experts and faculty members of AJA universities. Using snowball sampling method, 30 people were selected as sample members. Research data were analyzed using MICMAC software. In the first phase of the study, 30 propellants were identified. By analyzing the data in the next phase, 19 propellants out of 30 propellants were identified as key propellants affecting the development of human resource agility in military organizations. The results showed that most experts on drivers such as employee satisfaction, service delivery speed, knowledge and teamwork and negotiation skills, self-control, participation, sense of competence, preventive behaviors, sense of effectiveness, consultation, knowledge sharing, acceptance of responsibility, self-directed teams Emphasized the ability to come up with new ideas, empathy, take advantage of change, career rotation, self-awareness of change and available information.

Rural development programs based on different patterns in Lorestan province did not have the expected effect on the economic prosperity and improvement of villagers' life. Socially, they had no success to establish the participation of villagers and their empowerment either. In order to eliminate these shortcomings from the rural areas of the province, it is necessary to identify and analyze the key factors in presenting a rural spatial planning pattern through a foresight approach. In this research, Delphi and panel techniques together with the analysis of interactions were implemented with the MicMac software to identify and analyze the key factors involved in designing a pattern for rural spatial planning. The results showed that, out of 40 main problems in rural programs, 13 factors are the most important ones to affect the design of a pattern for the rural areas of Lorestan. These factors include rural perspective, futurism, environment, rural economic structure, rural governance, alternative scenarios, features of the regions, land use planning, rural participation, spatial development principles, rural, local capacity and social capital, rural management, and convergence-divergence of the sectors.

One of the most important steps in the prospecting is identifying and analyzing the effective trends. In this article, the price of crude oil has been studied on a case by case basis. Accordingly, the main goal of the present study is to identify the key factors affecting the future of crude oil prices in the horizon of 1410 A.H.S. Therefore, after conducting library studies and reviewing valid documents and sources and interviewing experts, a list of key trends affecting the future of crude oil prices was obtained and by using the Delphi method, the number of clinicians decreased from 68 to 40. Then, using the structural analysis method, the interaction effect matrix was designed and entered into the matrix by forming a panel of 11 experts and consensus about their impact on the factors affecting each other. By analyzing the data derived from the matrix with the microfilm software, each factors impact has been assessed, efecctive strategic trends have been identified, and it has been determined that trends such as US policy, Russian energy diplomacy, India and China's growth, the fragility of The Middle East and North Africa, the solidarity and cohesion of the European Union, the supply and demand of oil and its fluctuations have the greatest impact on the future of crude oil prices.

Abstract Scenario planning is a technique that, given environmental uncertainties, offers several perspectives different from the future. The scenarios present the possible future scenarios in stories and provide alternative narratives about future-related situations. Scenario planning is one of the best and most powerful tools for future scientific knowledge that can be used to identify and review future changes and uncertainties in the future. Given the importance of scenario analysis and its effects on the country's macro-programs, organizations, firms, etc., the success and effectiveness of scenario-making processes has always been a concern for the management of countries. Considering the key role of casters in the future, this research seeks to extract the behavior of the actors in each of the key elements of the future, in order to develop existing methods, and then proceed with scenarios. To this end, the scenarios that were developed by researchers and experts in this field were reviewed and a new framework for studying scenario was obtained and validated by a team of experts in this area. Introduction An overview of scripting literature suggests that in none of the proposed methods consider the behavior of important actors as one of the future factors. Research in the literature of research shows that in all of these methods, first of all, it is to identify the key factors and then the forces of progression and identification of the uncertainty And eventually scenario with the choice of logic governing the scenario. In this regard, Zali and Sajadi (2017), Nazemi et al. (2017), Zali and Zamanipour (2016), Shakouri et al (2015), Bilali (2012) and Zali (2009) Made Therefore, in view of the key role of the cast in the future, this research seeks to extract the behavior of the actors in each of the identified key factors in order to develop existing methods and then proceed with scenario analysis. Regarding the consideration of the role of key actors in the scriptwriting process, Ali Zare Mirk-Abad, in his doctoral dissertation, has devised a scenario based on the viewer's perspective, in which the performance of the actors by him was conducted only in a perfectly qualitative manner (Q method). Case Study In this research, a sample of 12 experts and researchers in the field of future research was selected for interview and a sample of 43 people were selected to complete the questionnaire. The framework of the scenarios available by researchers and experts in this field was reviewed and a new framework for studying the obtained scenarios was obtained. And its credibility was confirmed by a group of experts in the field. Materials and Methods In this research, both field and library methods have been used to collect information. In the present study, since the main focus of the proposed framework is on the minds of experts and is depicted in the various stages of the proposed framework, the wisdom in the minds of experts, the selection of experts is of particular importance. In the current study, the number of samples selected for interview was equal to 12 people selected by snowball method. In the process of selecting an example, qualitative researchers can use a snowball sampling method in which a participant in our research leads to other participants or snowball. With this number of interviews, the investigator's diagnosis was that the collected data reached a saturated point and there was no need for further interviews. In choosing this sample number, issues such as time, availability of interviewees and their degree of cooperation have been considered. Finally, in order to measure the model through scrolling, a questionnaire consisting of 21 questions was sent to validate the model to 43 experts and researchers in the field of futures studies. Finally, 17 valid questionnaires were collected. Discussion and Results In this article, the approach to studying the behavior of actors is based on the approach of the French school (Michel Godet) and the method of MACTOR, which was done for the first time. In the meantime, the scenario approach in his treatise is based on the Scenario model of the Global Business Network or the Schwartz model, but in the proposed model, this paper describes the scenario development approach based on the model. In the scenario model, according to Michel Godet, all the points mentioned in the Peter Schwartz model are accepted. But in one case, his approach to the subject is deeply rooted in Schwartz's method, and this involves the need for formal analysis in parts of the scenario process, which is, of course, not very different. For example, in the methodology, the exact identification of the subject of futures studies with strategic planning in the first step and the search for effective variables (Schwartz's forces and forces) is necessary in steps two and three. But in order to search for variables or factors and the effect of one on the other, Godet also recommended the formal method of structural analysis in addition to setting up a futuristic studio (Schwartz scenario group) and extensive consultation with practitioners and experts. Or, in the search for possible or probable scenarios or futures, which, like the Schwartz analysis axes, are composed of various combinations of variables, has also benefited from the analysis of morphology. Conclusion This paper attempts to use the meta-combination method to propose a suitable framework for performing scenario-based studies. To this end, the scenario frameworks presented by researchers and experts in this field were reviewed and a new framework for studying scenario was obtained. The difference in the framework provided with other frameworks is to consider the behavior of key actors and to provide strategic options for policy making.

Agility is considered the ability to respond quickly to changes and a major factor for success and survival in today's business. The purpose of this research is to offer a conceptual model using Interpretive Structural Modeling(ISM). To this end after reviewing literature and theoretical background, the indices related to achieving agility via information technology (IT) have been identified and then the Interpretive Structural Model in four levels has been represented. Findings show that tendency and commitment of top managers, organizational climate and strategic planning alignment with information technology planning is the major factors affecting agility achievement via information technology (IT).