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Purpose: Science and technology are the most critical infrastructures for the country's progress and essential tools for competition in various fields. Evaluation is at the core of all scientific efforts, which has become increasingly important with the proliferation of scientific publications. Evaluation is not a simple and transparent process; it is considered a delicate activity. The presence of multiple evaluation indicators to assess the value of scientific outputs in texts, databases, and scientific centers or publications has prompted a study of these three sources (texts, scientific networks, and experts) to establish integrated criteria for evaluating outputs in the scholarly publication ecosystem. Some scientific outputs, such as lectures, workshops, and scientific meetings, are often overlooked due to the absence of an integrated framework in the scholarly publication ecosystem. Additionally, only a few specific quantitative aspects, such as the impact factor, the number of citations, or the number of uses, are typically considered in the evaluation of scientific works. Moreover, evaluations are usually confined to a short timeframe. Identifying and categorizing these indicators within a framework can positively impact addressing these issues and establishing a continuous evaluation process for both pre and post-publication of scientific works. Therefore, the current research aims to identify comprehensive evaluation criteria in the scholarly publication ecosystem by taking into account texts, scholarly publication networks, and the perspectives of scientific publication experts. Methodology: Results from all three methods indicate that there are three key indicators and nine sub-indicators crucial for evaluating research outcomes within the Scientific Publishing System. These indicators are predominantly categorized based on form, type, and format. The triangulation method has introduced a conceptual framework of evaluation indicators in the scholarly publication ecosystem. Initially, a systematic review was conducted to extract evaluation criteria from 331 sources. Subsequently, to validate the extracted criteria and finalize the initial framework, the identified criteria were scrutinized across 12 scientific databases, and ultimately, it was endorsed by 30 domestic and international scholarly publication experts. The purposive sampling method was employed in all three studies. Findings: Research shows that the ecosystem of scientific publication consists of various components, including experts, scientific centers, information media, subject areas, information, and knowledge systems, which require different indicators and methods. The data extracted from the systematic review in the field of evaluation were classified into three groups: form, type, and format. Evaluation forms include content, open, altmetric, and bibliographic evaluations (creative and source evaluation). However, some experts distinguish between bibliometric evaluation indicators and scientometric and informatics evaluation indicators, and most experts in different subject areas define all three categories as bibliographic evaluations. In the evaluation form, creators include individuals and scientific organizations such as universities. Open evaluation can refer to judging an output not just by a jury of experts but rather by a jury of anyone interested in the output. In other words, open evaluations are an ongoing post-publication process of transparent peer evaluation. Multiple paper evaluation functions freely defined by individuals or groups provide various perspectives on the scientific literature. Multiple paper evaluation functions alongside more diverse research evaluation criteria beyond traditional methods are emerging, and with these come a range of practical, ethical, and social factors to consider. Altmetric evaluations are a set of methods based on the social web that measure and monitor the reach and impact of scholarly output through online interactions. Simply, altmetrics are metrics beyond traditional citations. This evaluating form measures cite, like, view, reuse, discussion, bookmark, etc. The types of evaluations include quantitative, qualitative, and mixed evaluations. The form of evaluation also includes technical evaluation and non-technical evaluation (researcher-made evaluation, discussion-based evaluation). Technical evaluations are indicators that follow predefined procedures or repetitive processes to reach the result, while experts define non-technical evaluations according to specific situations and conditions. Conclusion: The results of all three methods indicate that there are three key indicators and nine sub-indicators crucial for evaluating scientific output within the scholarly publication ecosystem. These indicators are predominantly grouped based on form, type, and format. The findings demonstrate alignment among the three studies (systematic review, observation of scholarly publication networks, and survey of experts). However, each study has highlighted specific evaluation indicators. According to the systematic review, observation of scholarly publication networks, and expert opinions, the primary focus in evaluating the scholarly publication ecosystem is on the form and type of evaluation. There is a greater emphasis on common and well-established formats in the evaluation process. Furthermore, individual and organizational needs and objectives significantly influence the selection of evaluation indicators. Categorizing evaluation indicators will assist stakeholders in understanding the evaluation procedures of scholarly publication ecosystems and in choosing appropriate evaluation methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Workforce aging is one of the problems leading to a decrease in working ability. This study aimed to evaluate the perceived work ability and its association with fatigue, as well as general and mental health in industrial workers. Materials and Methods: A total of 350 people working in various industries of Zahedan, Iran, participated in this cross-sectional study. The data were collected using the first item of the work ability index questionnaire known as work ability score (WAS), the fatigue assessment scale, as well as the general and mental health scales of the Copenhagen questionnaire. The Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 24). Results: The mean score of the WAS among the studied subjects was 4.76±1.59, which is categorized as a poor level. According to the results of multiple linear regression analysis, fatigue, general health, and mental health had a significant effect on perceived work ability, among which the strongest relationship was related to fatigue (P=-0.324; P<0.001). The results of the study did not show a relationship between body mass index and perceived work ability (P=-0.021; P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the findings of the research, the perceived work ability was at a poor level. Fatigue and general health had the greatest effect on perceived work ability. It is suggested to design and implement studies in order to identify other factors affecting work ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Aims: Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurological developmental disorder characterized by impaired social interactions, stereotypic movements and repetitive and limited behaviors and interests. Given the increasing statistics of autism in children in the world and in Iran, the extent of problems and burdens that this disorder creates for the child, family and society, it is a necessity to identify the causes and factors related to ASD. Moreover, data on this disorder are limited nationally and geographical differences are rarely assessed. To conduct great research on autism spectrum disorders requires a large number of samples to identify the epidemiological trend of the disorder. Registrations are one of the efficient methods that can provide this data in a long time and on a large scale. The purpose of this study is to describe the steps of designing and launching an autism registration system in Tehran, which can be a prelude to creating a system at the national level. Methods: In this study, the aim was to present a protocol to design and launch a registry for patients with autism spectrum disorders in Tehran for clinical and research purposes. The entered population in this system includes individuals (including children over 6 months and adults) with previous diagnosis or new diagnosis referred to the certain centers (Child Psychiatric Clinic of Tehran Psychiatric Institute, Ali Asghar Children's Hospital, Razi Hospital and Roozbeh Hospital) and also, physicians' offices who are members of the program's strategic committee. Patients are admitted to the program if the diagnosis of ASD is confirmed by a pediatrician, child neurologist, psychiatrist, neurologist, psychiatrist, neurologist, child psychologist according to the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. Then personal and demographics information and clinical and laboratory findings will be recorded by data entry experts in the system. Patients will be followed up by telephone or through coming back of the patients to the certain centers. Data analysis is done in accordance with the objectives of the registration program and is performed based on conventional statistical methods. Also, an annual report of the profiles of registered patients is sent to the beneficiaries of the program at the end of each year, including the Vice Chancellor for Research of the participating universities, the Ministry of Health, and related associations and groups. Initially, stakeholders in the field of autism spectrum disorders from different and related specialties were identified from partner universities of medical sciences in Tehran (Iran, Tehran, Welfare Sciences) and various centers accepting autism spectrum patients and the Strategic Committee for Autism Registration as a subset of the Vice Chancellor for Research was established in 1398 in Iran University of Medical Sciences. The Strategic Committee is responsible for developing guidelines and executive protocols consisting of experts in the fields of general psychology, child psychology, social medicine, epidemiology, information technology, health informatics and health information management, as well as the executive committee and executive groups for follow-up and conducting decisions of Strategic Committee was considered. Data Management and Information Technology (IT) Department was Responsible for Software Design; Data collection and quality control group was responsible for data collection, quality control, feedback and data correction; The epidemiology and data analysis team was also responsible for designing and conducting the data analysis program. The population entered in this system includes people (including children over 6 months and adults) with previous diagnosis or new diagnosis of the referral centers. A child is considered to have diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorders according to the DSM 5 Diagnostic Guide if he or she has serious impairments in communication and social interactions as well as a limited and repetitive pattern of behavior, interests, and activities. Patients enrolled in the program have been diagnosed with ASD by a pediatrician, child psychiatrist, pediatric neurologist, psychiatrist, or neurologist. Child Psychiatric Clinic of Tehran Psychiatric Institute, Ali Asghar Children's Hospital, Razi Hospital and Roozbeh Hospital and also physicians' offices who are members of the program's strategic committee are covered now. Based on the objectives of the Strategic Committee and literature review for the design of registration systems, the following data collection was considered: - Personal and socio-demographic characteristics (such as name, age, gender, ethnicity, parents' relatives, place of birth and residence, birth rank, education) - Clinical information (such as history of developmental delay, name of the disorder, presence of seizures, presence of mental retardation and other psychiatric diagnoses, personal and family history of the disorder) - Laboratory and imaging finding Then personal and demographics information and clinical and laboratory findings will be recorded by data entry experts in the system. Patients will be followed up by telephone or through coming back of the patients to the certain centers. Data analysis is done in accordance with the objectives of the registration program and is performed based on conventional statistical methods. Also, an annual report of the profiles of registered patients is sent to the beneficiaries of the program at the end of each year, including the Vice Chancellor for Research of the participating universities, the Ministry of Health, and related associations and groups. In order to validate and evaluate the feasibility and ease of implementation of the data collection form, this form was piloted in several centers and then based on the results of experimental implementation, the questions were reviewed and finalized. After compiling the final version of the data collection form, the software registry system was designed for the web. In order to maintain data security, a separate access and a specific access level for each user is determined and hosted on the servers of Iran University of Medical Sciences .Data analysis is done in accordance with the objectives of the registry and is performed based on the required statistical methods. Also, an annual report on the profile of registered patients of the registry is sent to the beneficiaries of the program at the end of each year, including the Vice Chancellor for Research of the participating universities, the Ministry of Health and related associations and groups. In 2014, the Deputy Minister of Research at the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME) of Iran decided to establish registration systems for various diseases and health consequences (4). In this regard, the launch of a clinical-research registry in autism in Tehran was considered .Setting up an autism spectrum disorder information registry in Tehran as a preliminary study for its establishment at the national level can help to integrate research activities and create a research network and prevent incoherence, rework and waste of time and energy in related research activities in the country. In addition to the direct use of data for research activities, such systems can also be used to identify patients eligible for clinical trials. In addition, it is possible to study the natural course of this disorder, track individuals and help increase the country's indigenous knowledge based on local and regional information. In addition, launching a program to record the autism spectrum disorders will help policymakers and health planners in the country to decide and plan for it. In addition, is not possible for policy makers to plan in an integrated, comprehensive, accurate and up-todate way without having access to such online information systems. In the long run, this study aims to record all ASD information across the country in this system to eliminate the huge challenges of patients, physicians and health decision makers and also Smoothing the way for research further. Conclusion: Establishing registry systems, especially chronic diseases seems to be a need for work so that health policy makers can make the right policies and plans to improve the level of health. One of the most important features of registries is the enrolling of patients in the time period and the possibility of increasing the collection of patients in the country. Due to the relatively high prevalence large number of causes and increasing high financial burden of autism spectrum disorders that it imposes on society, it is a suitable c case to evaluate prevalence, environmental and genetic factors through recording all clinical and epidemiological information [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of the present study is to compare the thematic trends of scientific productions related to Covid 19 in the fields of humanities and social sciences in Iran and the leading countries of the five continents based on the studies of Web of Science. Methodology: The present scientometric research has a descriptive-analytical interdisciplinary approach through social network and co-word analysis techniques which is one of the methods of content analysis. Bibexecl, Gephi, and SPSS software were used to analyze the data, and VosViewer software was used to draw thematic clusters. Findings: The United States, England, China, Australia, and South Africa are the leading countries. Iran ranks 37th in the world and 13th in Asia. Co-word clustering in US studies consisted of 6 clusters, in Chinese and South African studies, 7 clusters, in British studies, 8 clusters, in Australian and Iranian studies 10 clusters. The clusters of "China and Australia", "The UK, and the United States" have thematic overlap, however, there are more clusters in the studies of Australia and Iran. There is a positive and significant relationship between the amounts of scientific production related to Covid 19 in humanities and social sciences and the prevalence of the disease (number of patients) in Iran and the leading countries. There was no significant difference between countries in terms of the number of citations received; The number of scientific productions of countries in the fields of humanities and social sciences and health is not significantly different from each other; There is a positive and significant relationship between the rate of scientific production of Covid 19 in the fields of humanities and social sciences and the prevalence of the disease (number of patients) in Iran and leading countries. Conclusion: Based on the results, the emergence of Covid-19 as an important health and social issue has made the management of various economic, social, cultural, and political complications inevitable. It is in this direction that in the results of this research, the repetition of concepts such as empowerment, participation, governance, management, and crisis management, etc. can be seen. This shows the existence of new thinking and policies in the post-coronavirus era to control and contain such a crisis. Also, according to the results of the research, "depression, mental health, risk, social media, crisis management, influence" are frequent in Chinese studies from the Asian continent. The most centrality of degree, closeness, and betweenness is related to the concept of "resilience". In England, from the European continent, "higher education, online learning, management, innovation, mental health, depression, society, engagement, motivation, knowledge" are the most important trends of researchers. The most centrality of the degree, closeness, and betweenness is related to the keywords "crisis and motivation". In the United States of America, "depression, stress, social support, education, participation, influence, management, leadership, employment, self-education, distance education, and science" are more common and the most important subject tendencies of researchers in this field. The most centrality of the degree, closeness, and intermediateness is related to the keyword "distance education". The most centrality of the degree, closeness, and intermediation is "distance education". "Social media, education, literacy, society, satisfaction, influence, mental health, poverty, governance, and humanities" are frequent in South African studies from the African continent and constitute the most important intellectual tendencies of researchers in this field; The most centrality of degree, closeness, and intermediateness is "higher education and poverty". In the studies of Australia from the Oceania continent, "education, technology, tourism, management, science, culture, social work, mental health, depression, anxiety, neoliberalism" are frequent and important and are the most important trends of researchers; The most centrality of degree, closeness and intermediateness is related to "crisis and gender". In Iranian studies, "depression, influence, behavior, perception of risk" have a central place among the most important tendencies of researchers; In the studies of this country, the most centrality of degree, closeness, and intermediateness is related to the keyword "simulation". In this way, in the subject area under discussion, there are also differences in the subject tendencies between countries. However, in a general look at the results of the cluster analysis of the studied countries, it can be said that the clusters of the countries of China and Australia with topics such as "technology and media, management and mental health" and the clusters of the countries of England and the United States with topics such as "depression, society, education, participation, management, online learning, and science and knowledge" have thematic overlap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The prevalence of sleep disorders in the general population is between 26.4% and 39.4% in Asia, which has increased in Iran in recent decades. Low sleep quality and reduced sleep hours result in work impairment and physical and mental illnesses. This study aimed to improve sleep quality and determine the factors affecting the quality of sleep. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in 2018 among 243 employees presenting to the Center for Occupational Medicine at Gonabad University of Medical Sciences. Demographic data such as age, shift work and education level were asked of the staff. Weight, blood pressure, height and waist circumference were measured. The sleep quality score was extracted by completing the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol were also measured. Logistic regression analysis was performed. Significance level was set at 0.05. Results: Among 243 men studied, 99 men (40.7%) had low sleep quality and 126 men (51.9%) reported sleeping less than seven hours a day. age (p=0.021) and waist circumference (p=0.036) and shift work had a direct effect while education had a reverse effect on the quality of sleep. Fasting blood suger, cholesterol, triglesride, body mass index did not have a significant effect on sleep quality. Conclusion: Low sleep quality and inadequate sleep hours causes physical and psychological complications, which mandates planning and training to reduce factors affecting low sleep quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OBI); the presence of HBV DNA in the absence of HBsAg, has been recognized as one of the possible phases in the natural history of chronic HBV infection. OBI is a known clinical entity in some clinical settings including blood transfusion, cryptogenic cirrhosis, dialysis patients, solid transplantation, etc. The molecular basis of OBI is closely related to the peculiar life cycle of the HBV, and in particular to the long-lasting persistence of HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) organized as a minichromosome into the nucleus of the infected hepatocytes. This feature together with the long half-life of liver cells imply that HBV infection, once occurred may continue for life, even in condition of strong inhibition of viral transcription and replication. In addition to cccDNA stability, other factors such as immune responses, viral mutations, epigenetic mechanisms, and co-infection are associated with occult infection. Importantly, all the conditions inducing host immunosuppression (i.e., hematological malignancies, chemo-or immunotherapies, etc.) can cause the reactivation of OBI with the development of a typical overt hepatitis B infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Scientometrics studies with Assessing priorities, perspectives and capacities help policymakers and managers of universities and heads of research centers in appropriation budget, balance between budget and cost, appointment, promotion researchers, leading to a better understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of their covered settings. Objective: this study investigates the scientific outputs of Guilan University of medical sciences (GUMS) indexed in Scopus database based on scientometrics indicators in 2014. Materials and Methods: this is a cross-sectional study in scientometric field that assesses GUMS Scientific outputs indexed in scopus database Since the establishment up to the end of 2014. Data from Scopus database and documents and citation from the time of establishment of this university were collected. scientometrics indicators in 3 domains of quantity, quality and hybrid were calculated. Results: overall, 845 scientific outputs with 3078 citations with the affiliation of this university were indexed in Scopus. Ratio of document to authors was 5.28, document to faculty members was 2.28 and ratio of citation of document was 3.64. H Index, g Index, e Index and M-Quotient of this university were respectively 23, 32, 18.11 and 1.35. Conclusion: The publication trend of GUMS scientific outputs is growing. In addition, almost half of scientific outputs of this university were without at least one citation and also combined indices don't have the appropriate level due to the low citations. To increase scientific outputs, providing appropriate platform to facilitate research among different parts of university and improve qualitative performance with quantitative expansion of them, was recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]