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The design and identification of solid electrolytes can lead to finding safer and more efficient solid state batteries in a wider temperature range for fuel cells. There are more than 200,000 crystal structures in the ICSD database for finding solid electrolytes, and among them, more than 44,000 experimental structures have been considered in the search for solutions for advances in energy storage. Therefore, before making solid electrolytes, we need new calculation methods so that we can choose the appropriate structure among all these existing structures with the help of it, more quickly and accurately than in the past. Super ionic conductor solids are one of the main components in energy storage and conversion, and the development of these new conductors is impossible without a comprehensive understanding of ion migration mechanisms in these structures. NaSICON is an oxide-based solid electrolyte with a three-dimensional framework. NZP (NaZr2P3O12) and rhombohedral LiZr2P3O12 (LZP) are the two prototypes of all NaSICONs. In this research, with a new computational approach, we showed that by changing the sodium ion with lithium in the structure of NaSICONs, the amount of activation energy, which plays a decisive role in the design and production of all-solid-state batteries, changes and we have answered the question whether with this change, the path of movement of sodium and lithium ions inside the crystal structure remains constant or not.

Based on density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP level, we investigated the interaction of DNA nucleobases with carbon nano-rings in armchair and zigzag shapes. Van der Waals correction was applied to describe the long range term of bipolar interaction. Results indicate that a net electric charge was not transferred between the DNA bases and the carbon nano-rings. This indicates the interaction is of physical type. Outcomes show the following order for the strength of the interaction between the carbon nano-ring (9,9) and the four DNA nucleobases: guanine > adenine > cytosine > thymine. The corresponding order for the zigzag carbon nano-ring (15.0) is adenine ≈ guanine > cytosine > thymine, suggesting carbon nano-ring (9,9) may have a potential to specify the sequencing of DNA.

Background and Aim: Failure to follow the drug is common in patients with myocardial infarction. However, it has been reported in various studies that family support can improve adherence to drug in chronic diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigation the impact of education of family support behaviors on adherence to the drug in patients with Myocardial Infarction. Materials and Methods: This controlled clinical trial study was performed on 70 patients with myocardial infarction, which had criteria for entering the study. Patients were randomly divided into intervention and control groups and demographic information and adherence to the drug was completed questionnaire for two groups. Individuals who received inadequate the drug follow-up based on this questionnaire were completed their family support questionnaire. In order to intervene, in the form of at least three educational sessions, based on the needs assessment of the two previous questionnaires, training was provided to the key member of the intervention group family and three months after the intervention, the two drug and family support questionnaires were re-completed for the two groups. Finally, the data was entered into SPSS software (version 16). Descriptive statistics including frequency, mean, standard deviation for description and description of data and analytical statistics including: Chi-square, paired T-test and independent T-test were used for data analysis. The significance level was considered as (P

Introduction: Changing the focus of teaching from patient to community is an educational strategy. The effect of evidence based community visits for risk factors of Crimean-Congo fever on students’ learning was investigated in this study. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study in year 2010, 36 nursing students of Birjand University of Medical Sciences were selected through purposive sampling during a training course in a health center. They were randomly divided into two groups of experiment (evidence based visits, n=18) and control (traditional education, n=18) to teach Crimean fever risk factors. Data were gathered using two researcher-made questionnaires as pre-test and post-test. Knowledge on Crimean fever before and after visits on unhealthy animal slaughtering in experimental group, and in control group before and after traditional education was measured. Data was analyzed by Chi2, independent and paired t tests. Results: The mean of total score of knowledge about Crimean fever in experimental group was 4.22±1.06 (out of 5) after intervention which was significantly increased compared to that of control group (3.05±1.47) (p=0.01). The mean of total score of knowledge about Crimean fever in experimental group was 4.22±1.06 after intervention which showed a statistically significant difference (p=0.001) compared to the pre-test scores (2.66±1.81). Conclusion: Evidence based visits of Crimean fever risk factors in the community promotes learning. Therefore evidence based visits of appropriate subjects such as places and professions are suggested as a teaching strategy.

Abstracts Background and Purpose: Deprivation of sleep cause long term physical and emotional effects, soldiers which attend in war report sleep deprivation and disturbance during and commonly after war but there havenchr('39')t done extensive researchs about these disturbance in chemical and non chemical victims and its possible difference, so this study conducted to determine and compare sleep disturbances in chemical and non chemical victims of war. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive- analytic study 95 chemical and 95 non chemical victims were selected by stratified sampling and group matching according to age, duration of attending in war, percent of injury, literacy, marital status and…. instrument was a questionnaire which had two parts: demographic data and 5 sentences about sleep disturbances which was given from Mississippi scale for combat- related posttraumatic stress disorder. Results : finding showed that there was significant difference between difficulties with falling sleep according to easily sleeping (p= 0.04) and afraid to go to sleep (p= 0.03) which show more problem in chemical victims. About nightmares there wasnt significant difference and about difficulty staying sleep there was significant difference (p= 0.04). There was correlation between combat duration and percent of wounding in chemical wounded. there was significant diffrence between physical illness, drug abuse and with sleep continnuty and nightmers in two groups. conclusion : on considering that sleep disturbance was seen in non chemical victim and more seriously in chemical victims, consulting, caring and hygienic interventions are unavoidable necessity. Key words : Sleep disturbance, Chemical Victim, non Chemical Victim, War

Introduction: The most important setting for teaching, specifically for difficult scientific topics, is classroom. Due to the uncertain results of previous investigations which are limited in number too, this study was implemented to compare attitude toward attendance in sessions and grades of associated courses for students with or without absence. Methods: In this descriptive longitudinal study, 69 nursing freshmen of Birjand University of Medical Sciences at their first semester were selected through census sampling, and followed for six consecutive semesters (2009–2011). Students’ absence in 10 lessons taught by two researchers was confirmed and then students were divided into two groups “with absence” (3-4 permissible absence in a course of study) and “without absence” (One or at maximum two absence for a course of study). Data was gathered using a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire to determine students attitude (20 questions, Likert score: 1-5) toward classroom attendance, as well as a data collection form for absence and course grades. Data was analyzed using Chi2 and independent t-test. Results: Mean score of students’ attitude “with absence” toward educational barriers of classroom attendance was (16.88±1.42 out of total score of 20) and higher than that of students without absence (15.47±2.02, p=0.003). Total attitude score of students “with absence” toward social barriers of classroom attendance (17.08±1.38) was higher than that of students without absence (15.95±1.91, p=0.012) but total attitude score of students without absence toward the benefits of classroom attendance was higher than that of students with absence (P=0.004). Total course score for the group “without absence” was higher than that of the group “with absence” (p=0.002). Conclusion: Students absence was associated with lower grades. Balancing the number of courses and volume of training in semesters, reducing anxiety during teaching, promoting students’ interest in learning and field of study can be involved in reducing their absence.