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The present study was to investigate the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy in the context of infertile women’s emotional expression and sexual function. The study was a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and control group design, with a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population included infertile women who submitted referrals to the infertility clinics at Mother and Child Hospital and Samar infertility clinic in Shiraz during the winter of 2021. The experimental and control groups were randomly assigned to 36 infertile women who were selected through the voluntary sampling procedure. Over the course of two and a half months, the experimental group was subjected to ten sessions of acceptance and commitment therapy. In this study, the Emotional Expression Questionnaire (EEQ) (King, Emmons, 1990) and the Sexual Function Questionnaire (Keraskian, Mojembari, and Kaiballah, 2014) were implemented. The SPSS23 software was used to analyze the collected data using mixed ANOVA. The findings indicated that acceptance and commitment therapy has a substantial impact on the emotional expression and sexual function of infertile women (p

Introduction Consumption of ready-to-eat products especially seafood, has become very popular based on the lifestyle during these years. Battered and breaded products are highly acceptable due to their attractive appearance and unique taste. Shrimp and shrimp products are one of the most popular seafood products in many countries because of their unique flavor, nutritional value and texture. The interactions of proteins with other ingredients can play a critical role in the structure of processed foods. Protein-polysaccharide interactions provide functional properties in foods especially when proteins are the main ingredients, such as processed shrimp products without affecting the original flavor of the food. The use of gelling properties of carbohydrates in the formulation of food products is increasingly growing. The wide variety of hydrocolloids have been examined to modify the mechanical, textural and functional properties of shrimp products. In this regard, application of carrageenan, xanthan, and alginate have been reported to improve the physicochemical and sensory attributes of shrimp products. In the present study, surimi was produced and used in combination with different percentages of carrageenan, alginate and xanthan gums in order to simulate breaded shrimp and produce shrimp nuggets with a texture similar to battered and breaded shrimp. Materials and Methods In the first step, surimi was prepared from silver carp fillets. In the next step, shrimp nuggets were produced from obtained surimi in combination with additives (including starch, salt, garlic, and spices) and different percentages (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2% ) of carrageenan, alginate and xanthan gums. The prepared mixture was kept at 35 °C for 1 hour and then battered and breaded after molding. Physical (expressible water, product yield, and shrinkage), chemical (moisture, fat, and pH), color, texture, and sensory analysis were performed on several samples of shrimp nuggets (containing different percentages of carrageenan, alginate, and xanthan gums) in comparison with the control sample (battered and breaded shrimp immersed in salt and polyphosphate). Results and Discussion Based on the results, the amount of shrinkage decreased in all samples containing gums in comparison with the control (p < 0.05). Shrimp nuggets containing xanthan and alginate showed a lower amount of fat in comparison with the control and the samples containing carrageenan (p < 0.05). The highest amount of pH value observed in the control sample, and the sample containing 1.5 and 2 % alginate showed the lowest amounts of pH. The shrimp nuggets containing 2 % alginate demonstrated the highest amounts of water holding capacity.However, the other samples did not show significant differences with the control (p > 0.05). There were no significant differences between the control and shrimp nuggets containing gums in terms of product yield (p > 0.05). Shrimp nuggets containing 2 % xanthan and the control showed the highest and lowest amounts of brightness, respectively. The highest value of adhesion observed in shrimp nuggets containing 2 % alginate and the control.The lowest amounts of adhesion were observed in shrimp nuggets containing 2 % xanthan, 0.5 % alginate, 1 and 2 % carrageenan (p < 0.05). Samples containing 1% carrageenan showed the highest scores of the sensory attributes of taste, smell, texture and overall acceptance, as same as the control (p ˃ 0.05). Conclusion Hydrocolloid additions were found to be significantly affecting the quality parameters including fat content, pH value, shrinkage and texture of produced shrimp nuggets. Therefore, it seems that producing shrimp nuggets containing 1 % carrageenan showed the nearest physical, chemical, and sensory characteristics to the control (battered and breaded shrimp), and this sample can be used as alternative of battered and breaded shrimp.

Objective(s): Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy (IPSRT) is a type of psychotherapy that was initially designed to improve the mood and prevent the relapse of people with bipolar disorder, and for this purpose, understanding and working with biological and social rhythms and training interpersonal skills It is focused. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of IPSRT in combination with motivational interviewing (MI) on reducing the symptoms of major depression with anxiety distress, which is one of the most common and debilitating mental disorders. Methods: In this study, IPSRT was combined with MI in the form of a single-case study design with multiple baselines. The subjects included 2 people (one male and one female) with low vision suffering from major depressive disorder with anxiety distress who were selected by the purpose-based accessible sampling method in September 2022 from among the members of the Mashhad welfare student WhatsApp group. After the stability of the research variables in the baseline, the subjects underwent 12 weekly 1-hour therapy sessions with a follow-up period of 2, 1, and 3 months. Beck's depression and anxiety questionnaires were used to evaluate changes in baseline, treatment and follow-up. Data analysis was done with the help of stable change index, effect size, improvement percentage and visual analysis of the graph. Results: The results showed that this treatment has made clinically and statistically significant changes (P

Abstract In recent years, the use of information technology in the health industry has expanded, and in order to improve the quality and speed of providing services to patients, telemedicine has been proposed as a new solution. Therefore, for the successful implementation and optimal use of telemedicine, in addition to the necessary infrastructure and success factors of this technology, such as high-speed Internet, up-to-date hardware and software, remote video communication systems, and distance education equipment, Specialist human resources should also be used. Sistan and Baluchistan province is a vast province, and due to the uneven distribution of specialized healthcare facilities and specialists, as well as the lack of adequate health care centers in its cities and villages, people do not have adequate access to medical services. Therefore, the current research seeks to provide a model for establishing telemedicine in selected hospitals of Sistan and Baluchistan province.Introduction Telemedicine was introduced in the 1970s by Thomas Bird. Scott Cruz et al. (2018) defined telemedicine as use of medical and communication technologies to exchange any information, including data, voice or video communications between doctors and patients or doctors and healthcare professionals in separate geographical locations, in order to creating the possibility of exchange for medical, healthcare, research and educational purposes. The benefits of telemedicine can be seen as socio-economic benefits, reducing costs, reducing waiting lists, reducing travel, improving consultations, and reducing emotional stress (Jang et al., 2020). Telemedicine enables health and treatment experts to conduct quick consultations with relevant specialists in far-flung locations around the world, thus eliminate the costs and risks needed to transport a sick or injured person to distant places for further examinations (Brulé et al., 2020). In addition, the presence of telemedicine in developing countries, where specialized and subspecialty services are not readily available and are usually costly, is economical and effective (McDonald et al., 2014). Based on this, the goal of implementing telemedicine can be to improve the processes of providing health services and products, improve patient care and reduce the per capita costs of medical care, provide medical services without time and place restrictions (on a wide geographical and population level), improve access rural and disadvantaged areas and medical care in them, reducing the space of face-to-face care in hospitals and medical centers and introducing the use of artificial intelligence in diagnostic and treatment processes (babaMahmoodi et al., 2021).Case study The statistical population was the conducted and existing researches (between 2010 and 2022) in domestic and foreign scientific databases, which were searched and reviewed based on specified keywords, and among them, the most relevant documents with Purposive sampling method were selected.Materials and Methods The research was applied and exploratory research. In order to collect data, meta-analysis method was used. The analysis of the texts was done based on the content analysis, and finally, based on the extracted codes, the dimensions and components of telemedicine deployment were determined and the proposed research pattern was developed. The extracted codes controlled by Kappa index and determining the weight of indices by Shannon entropy.Discussion and Results Based on the meta-analysis method and focusing on selected keywords, the articles in the field of telemedicine (in the years 2010 to 2022 and in domestic and foreign databases and publications) were reviewed and finally, 184 articles were found. Then, according to parameters such as title, abstract, content, access, quality and content of the research method, the articles were reviewed and evaluated, and finally, after removing 137 articles, 47 articles were analyzed. Based on the content analysis of the final articles, a total of 63 indicators, 6 sub-components and 5 components were discovered and labeled. To control the extracted codes, the Kappa index was used, and the value obtained for it (0.915) showed the level of agreement between the experts. Also, the amount of Shannon's entropy for all components showed that past researches support the findings of the current research.ConclusionThe pattern of telemedicine deployment was formed in three layers of feasibility, implementation structure and deployment. In the feasibility layer of telemedicine, cultural, human and institutional empowerment, knowledge management, strategies and infrastructure (with components of technical infrastructure, security infrastructure, software and hardware, network, legal infrastructure and organizational infrastructure) dimensions were included. In the second layer, which deals with the implementation of telemedicine, taking into account the current situation of telemedicine, strategies are adopted to reduce or even eliminate the gap, and strategies for the establishing telemedicine are designed and operational plans are compiled. In the establishment phase, cultural foundation for more acceptance of telemedicine by the public, legal foundation and the formation of efficient executive committees, and trainings in the form of workshops are given to the public and experts in order to become more familiar with this concept and its benefits and effects in various fields. By implementing telemedicine processes and testing them, possible problems and obstacles during implementation, which is one of the best control methods, are identified and appropriate plans are made to solve them.

The purpose of the current research is to develop a causal model of evaluating body dysmorphic disorder using metacognitive assessment. It integrates positive psychological capital and spiritual well-being among women seeking rhinoplasty, with social harmony as a mediating factor. The research method is descriptive correlational, employing structural equation modeling. The study population consisted of all women seeking rhinoplasty who visited specialized and super-specialized cosmetic and nasal surgery clinics, including Top Clinic, Dr. Najaf Beigi Clinic, Tehran Beauty Clinic, and Tarah Tab Clinic, located in regions 1 and 2 of Tehran, during the autumn and winter of2023. Three hundred individuals were selected using the Convenience Judgmental Sampling method for the research sample. The research tools included the Metacognition Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (Rabiei et al.,2011), the Psychological Capital Questionnaire by Luthans (2007), the Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire (Dehshiri et al., 2013), and the Al-72 Social Harmony Questionnaire (Lotfi, 1993). The data analysis employed Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method and utilized the software SPSS and Amos. The findings reveal that the causal model evaluating body dysmorphic disorder through Positive Psychological Capital and Spiritual Well-being among women seeking rhinoplasty, with the mediating role of social harmony, exhibits a favorable goodness of fit. Furthermore, social harmony significantly and negatively mediates the impact of Positive Psychological Capital and Spiritual Well-being on the assessment of body dysmorphic disorder among women interested in rhinoplasty.

The purpose of the current study was to examine the effectiveness of mentalization-based treatment in improving the self-consciousness and quality of life of mothers who have children diagnosed with intellectual developmental disorder. The study was quasi-experimental in nature, employing a pretest-posttest control group design with a two-month follow-up period. The statistical sample for the spring and summer of 2021 comprised the mothers of children diagnosed with intellectual developmental disorder residing in the town of Ardebil. A purposive sampling method was employed to select 37 mothers of children diagnosed with intellectual developmental disorder. These mothers were then randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. Over the course of two months, the mothers in the experimental group attended eight sessions of mentalization-based treatment. This research employed the Self-Conscious Affect Questionnaire (SCAQ) and the Quality of Life Questionnaire (FQLQ). The data were analyzed utilizing SPSS-25 software and the mixed variance analysis procedure. Positive self-conscious affect (F=42.86; Eta=0.55; P=0001), negative self-conscious affect (F=51.84; Eta=0.59; P=0001), and quality of life (F=33.93; Eta=0.49; P=0001) were all significantly improved by mentalization-based treatment in mothers of children with intellectual developmental disorder. On the basis of the study’s results and findings, it is possible to conclude that mentalization-based treatment can be an effective method for enhancing the quality of life and self-awareness of mothers of children with intellectual developmental disorder. This is accomplished through the use of mindfulness-related techniques, including those involving thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.

Background: Sexual dysfunction and incontinence are of the most crucial health concerns in the postpartum period, especially in the case of normal childbirth. Exercise interventions can be effective to reduce the aforementioned disorders.Aim: The present study was performed with aim to investigate the effect of exercise intervention on sexual performance in primiparous women.Method: This prospective clinical trial study was performed on 176 women referred to Basra Children's Hospital in 2021. The subjects were randomly assigned to test and control groups. The control group received no intervention, while the test group received physical therapy and pelvic floor exercises for ten sessions. The intervention began in the tenth week after delivery. The pre-and post-test phases were evaluated 10 and 20 weeks after childbirth. The subjects were requested to complete the prolapse/urinary incontinence sexual questionnaire (PISQ-12and the pelvic floor distress inventory short form (PFDI-20).Results: The pre-test and post-test levels of sexual performance in the test group were 33.47±3.62 and 37.16±3.93, respectively (p0.05). Also, the sexual performance and pelvic floor irritation values in the post-test phase significantly differ between the two groups (p

Introduction: Understanding the concept of well-being from the perspective of the elderly and identifying its important factors can play a significant role in increasing the quality and satisfaction of the elderly. The purpose of the current research was "to design and validate a model for promoting the well-being of the elderly based on lived experiences and to examine its effectiveness on the psychological well-being of the elderly". Method: In this study, the descriptive phenomenology method was used to collect data and the Claysey method was used to analyze the data in the qualitative part. The number of participants was based on theoretical saturation of twenty elderly men and women living in Tehran province. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews. The obtained data were analyzed to explain the well-being factors in old age. The program obtained from the qualitative phase to improve the well-being of the elderly was taught to six elderly volunteers based on the AB single-case plan, and the results were evaluated through the RIF well-being questionnaire. Quantitative data analysis was done during the methods of stable change index, visual analysis and clinical significance using the recovery percentage formula and non-overlapping methods to determine the effectiveness of the program.Results: Five themes were extracted from the findings in the qualitative section, which include vitality, health and dynamism, Personal growth and enrichment, interpersonal relationships, and strength. Data analysis showed that the welfare program obtained for four volunteers of this program is effective. It should be noted that in single-subject designs, when the researcher can talk about the possibility of a functional relationship between the dependent variable and the intervention, this relationship is repeated for at least three participants.Discussion and conclusion: The results of this research can be used by many psychologists, counselors and experts in the field of geriatrics in the field of how to advise and educate the elderly in order to increase the well-being of the elderly. In addition, the officials and trustees of the elderly can expand the welfare in the elderly society by implementing the elderly welfare program, which will reduce the adverse effects of aging among them and make them more cheerful and energetic.

This research seeks to present a new model of influencing factors on formation spatial structure of middle class housing in Tehran by using the complex systems theory paradigm. Understanding of changes in spatial structure of housing due to transformations of internal and external factors at design time has provided necessary background for this research. The research has been done with a practical-developmental purpose and descriptive-analytical method. Data has been collected in a combined (qualitative and quantitative) manner. In this research, layered models have been presented by review of complex systems paradigm concepts and matching it with housing spatial structure factors. Spatial structure models consist of three main factors: design dimensions, rules and regulations and building elements. The components of rules and regulations have been identified by review of documents content and library studies, components of spatial structure design dimensions have also been expressed accordance with theoretical foundations of sustainable development and design. Importance of design dimensions has been measured by asking experts in field of housing design by using fuzzy hierarchical analysis method. Analysis show that priority and importance each of design dimensions: environmental/ climate, cultural/ social and economic/ technological are variable in each housing spatial structure. The results of research show that change of any spatial structure under influence of internal and external transformations in different locations causes change of all spatial structures. To achieve quality of residential spaces based on transformations, the model provides necessary data for planning and intelligently usage at the time of design.

The design and identification of solid electrolytes can lead to finding safer and more efficient solid state batteries in a wider temperature range for fuel cells. There are more than 200,000 crystal structures in the ICSD database for finding solid electrolytes, and among them, more than 44,000 experimental structures have been considered in the search for solutions for advances in energy storage. Therefore, before making solid electrolytes, we need new calculation methods so that we can choose the appropriate structure among all these existing structures with the help of it, more quickly and accurately than in the past. Super ionic conductor solids are one of the main components in energy storage and conversion, and the development of these new conductors is impossible without a comprehensive understanding of ion migration mechanisms in these structures. NaSICON is an oxide-based solid electrolyte with a three-dimensional framework. NZP (NaZr2P3O12) and rhombohedral LiZr2P3O12 (LZP) are the two prototypes of all NaSICONs. In this research, with a new computational approach, we showed that by changing the sodium ion with lithium in the structure of NaSICONs, the amount of activation energy, which plays a decisive role in the design and production of all-solid-state batteries, changes and we have answered the question whether with this change, the path of movement of sodium and lithium ions inside the crystal structure remains constant or not.

Objective (s): Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women, which seriously affects patients’ psychological wellbeing. There are many interventions to deal with psychological impact of the disease. This study aimed to review the effectiveness of spiritual therapy in breast cancer patient. The secondary aim was to review studies that compared the effectiveness of spiritual therapy with others psychological interventions. Methods: This scoping review examined studies published in Persian language with related keywords, including ‘spiritual therapy’ and ‘breast cancer’ in Google Scholar up to July 2023. The data were extracted and tabulated to summarize evidence. Results: Overall, 554 article were retrieved. After excluding unrelated articles, 27 articles (18 articles reporting effectiveness of spiritual therapy and 9 articles comparing effectiveness of the spiritual therapy with others psychological interventions) were selected for final review. All studies confirmed the effectiveness of spiritual therapy on improved quality of life, resilience and hope. It also reduced anxiety, stress, depression, fear of the cancer among breast cancer patients. The findings showed that spiritual therapy is more effective than other psychological interventions except 2 studies that showed other psychological interventions are more effective. Conclusion: The findings showed that spiritual therapy was effective on improving the quality of life, resilience, hope and decreasing the fear of cancer, anxiety, stress and depression.

Aim and Background: One of the most common psychological disorders among children, adolescents and adults, is anxiety disorders. These disorders include a complex of disorders that their common features are fear, anxiety, and behavioral distress. Various causes and factors are involved in appearance of the disorder. The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of transdiagnostic factors in relationship between stressful events and generalized anxiety. Methods and Materials: The research method was non-experimental causal. The statistical population was all students of public universities of science and technology ministry in Tehran. Among them 700 students were selected by convenience sampling. And the data were gathered through internet-based questionnaires. The instruments included generalized anxiety scale (short-form) (2006), Freeston’s intolerance of ‎uncertainty (1994), cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (short-form) (2006), acceptance and action questionnaire (2011), life events scale (1971), and meta-cognitive beliefs questionnaire. To analyze the data structural equation modeling (SEM) was used through Amos software version 26. Findings: The results showed that the indirect effect of stressful events on generalized anxiety disorder by mediating role of transdiagnostic factors is significant (p

Background and Aims having children with intellectual disability can cause psychological, emotional and social problems for the parents, especially mothers. The present study aims to examine the effect of dialectic behavior therapy (DBT) on self-conscious emotions and family quality of life (QoL) in mothers of children with intellectual disability.Methods This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test/ follow-up design. The study population consists of all mothers of children with intellectual disability in Ardebil, Iran in 2021. Of these, 37 were selected using a purposive sampling method and randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The mothers in the intervention group received eight sessions of DBT for two months. Tangney et al.’s test of self-conscious affect and the beach center family QoL scale were used in this study. The data were analyzed using mixed ANOVA.Results The DBT had a significant effect on positive self-conscious affect (F=75.20; Eta squared=0.68; P=0001), negative self-conscious affect (F=45.19; Eta squared =0.56; P=0001) and family QoL (F=71.74; Eta squared=0.67; P=0001) in mothers.Conclusion The DBT can improve self-conscious emotions and family QoL in mothers of children with intellectual disability by employing techniques such as distress tolerance, mindfulness, and emotional regulation.

Introduction: This research aims to develop and test the adolescents' self-esteem causal model based on the parent-child relationship and basic psychological needs with the mediating role of self-concept.Method: The descriptive-correlation research was of the structural equation type. The statistical population consisted of all the second-year high school students of Meibod City in 2019-2020, and 461 people from the target population were selected as the sample size using the available sampling method and participated in the research virtually. The data was collected using Coopersmith's self-esteem, parent-child relationship by Fine et al., Rogers`s basic psychological needs and self-concept questionnaires. Finally, the data of 398 participants, which were analyzable, was collected in order to investigate the research hypotheses using the structural equation modeling method and SPSS25 and AMOS24 software.Results: The results of structural equation modeling confirmed the fit of the hypothetical research model. Also, the results obtained from the path coefficients in the structural model showed that the parent-child relationship and basic psychological needs have a positive and significant effect, and self-concept has a negative and significant effect on the self-esteem of adolescents. In addition, self-concept mediates the relationship between the parent-child relationship and basic psychological needs with self-esteem in adolescents. The variables of the parent-child relationship, basic psychological needs, and self-concept explain a total of 62% of the variance of self-esteem in adolescents.Discussion and Conclusion: Therefore, considering the role of improving the parent-child relationship, and satisfying the basic psychological needs and self-concept in the formation of self-esteem of adolescents, it is necessary to inform parents and adolescents about the characteristics of adolescence and its effects in the later stages of life.

Knowledge management strategies help auto parts technology companies tailor their products and services and personalize all communications with customers based on their identified needs. Giving importance to knowledge management strategies leads to increase in knowledge and ultimately economic profitability. The aim of the current research is to achieve the design of the model of influential factors in creating a knowledge management strategy in the automotive parts technology companies in Iran. In terms of method, this research is a part of mixed exploratory research with qualitative and quantitative methods. In the qualitative part of the research, theoretical foundations and previous studies have been used to determine the components and indicators of the research; Then, using the structural-interpretive method (ISM), the leveling of the factors has been done. The findings indicate that the development of procedures variable is at the first level and the intellectual property protection variable is at the second level. Also, the variables of protection of common knowledge and software infrastructure and exploitation of the two-level system of the learner are at level three. The variables of hardware infrastructure and discovery of common knowledge base and continuous improvement of organizational performance are at the fourth level. In the quantitative part, using random cluster sampling method, 217 people from Iran Khodro parts field managers were selected and with SmartPLS software and Confirmatory factor analysis method has been done. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the components of creating a knowledge management strategy in automotive parts technology companies in Iran.

Knowledge management strategies help auto parts technology companies tailor their products and services and personalize all communications with customers based on their identified needs. Giving importance to knowledge management strategies leads to increase in knowledge and ultimately economic profitability. The aim of the current research is to achieve the design of the model of influential factors in creating a knowledge management strategy in the automotive parts technology companies in Iran. In terms of method, this research is a part of mixed exploratory research with qualitative and quantitative methods. In the qualitative part of the research, theoretical foundations and previous studies have been used to determine the components and indicators of the research; Then, using the structural-interpretive method (ISM), the leveling of the factors has been done. The findings indicate that the development of procedures variable is at the first level and the intellectual property protection variable is at the second level. Also, the variables of protection of common knowledge and software infrastructure and exploitation of the two-level system of the learner are at level three. The variables of hardware infrastructure and discovery of common knowledge base and continuous improvement of organizational performance are at the fourth level. In the quantitative part, using random cluster sampling method, 217 people from Iran Khodro parts field managers were selected and with SmartPLS software and Confirmatory factor analysis method has been done. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the components of creating a knowledge management strategy in automotive parts technology companies in Iran.

The current research was conducted using a qualitative approach and phenomenological method based on the grounded theory model in order to sociologically investigate the phenomenon of cosmetic surgery among women. The researched population were women living in Ilam city who had a history of cosmetic surgery during the corona pandemic, and 16 of them were selected using a targeted sampling method, The results of the research related to the causal factors regarding the effects of the corona pandemic on the desire for cosmetic surgery, two opposite effects were identified. Remote working caused by the pandemic has a positive effect on women's willingness to undergo cosmetic surgery, while the negative effects include the fear of contracting the corona virus, the use of masks at work and other public places, and the reduction of ceremonies and visits by relatives and acquaintances, which as a result It has reduced their desire for cosmetic surgery. Also, the findings of the research show that the most concepts related to the qualitative dimensions of women's tendency to cosmetic surgery during the corona pandemic are related to the main dimension of women's negative self-image, and from this point of view, the factor of hiding upper facial defects due to the use of the mask during the pandemic has encouraged them to perform cosmetic surgery on the upper parts of the face. Also, the social isolation caused by Corona, which has been one of the categories of fear of rejection, has encouraged them to undergo cosmetic surgery.

A high example of battle and honor in romance (a subgenre of narrative poetry in European literature), the idea of the knight and chivalry developed gradually across history from the early Roman Empire to the middle of the Middle Ages. One of the first well-known French romance authors, Chértin de Troyes, penned six poems on the stories of King Arthur, of which five have survived: Ork and Enid, Eoin: The Lion Knight, Cleggs, Percival: The Tale of the Cup, and the Chariot Knight. The romance of the charioteer by Dutroy holds a significant position in the legends of King Arthur because it lays the foundation for the duties and ideals of chivalry, such as courtly love, respect for ladies, and Christian principles, by bringing the French Lancelot to the group of the king's knights. This love story was translated into Farsi by Mirjalaluddin Kezazi and published as Shaheswar Arabeh. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate how well Kezazi's translation of Shaheswar Arabeh, one of the most well-known medieval romances, adheres to the original text. This study looks at how well Kazzazi's translation of Shaheswar Arrabeh adheres to the rules of chivalry, the language used in the original text, and how these rules and the culture of chivalry are reflected in the translation based on the action space of the text. Semantic content creates action via cohabitation in a chain and is focused on the activities of characters or agents of action and the consequences created by them. They encompass the explicit meanings coming from the action and relationships of the component pieces of the text. To observe the romantic style and the chivalric customs, the translation of Shaheswar Arrabeh has been analyzed on the three levels of words, tone, and grammar. To observe the romantic style and the chivalric customs, the translation of Shaheswar Arrabeh has been analyzed on the three levels of words, tone, and grammar. The words, tone, and grammar used in each of these three levels have been evaluated while being compared to similar elements in the original text to identify and analyze the similarities and differences. These comparisons were made to assess the language's archaism (archaicism), brutality and combativeness, expression of tenderness and elegance, use of folk literature, and narrative and descriptive language. The results of this study demonstrate how Kazzazi deviates from the original text's style by insisting on utilizing archaic and epic terms rather than lyrical words and folk idioms, which are key elements of the medieval romance language. The translation language deviates from the romantic style and violates the fundamental tenets of chivalric culture on a tonal level due to archaism, epic and non-narrative mood, and the preference for Persian occlusive sounds over Arabic abrasive sounds. Grammar-wise, Kazazi did not adhere to the medieval romance style and did not respect the language of chivalry, as seen by the supremacy of the epic language over the lyrical language, the intricacy of the phrase, and the archaic syntax.

Immanuel Kant has addressed the problem of evil in many of his works. The neglected part of Kant’s thought -especially among Muslim scholars- is his philosophical objections and defenses regarding the problem of evil in pre-critical and early critical periods. Many of his ideas in this subject remained unchanged until the end of his scientific life and were inspiring for the formation of his later theories. This article, using a descriptive-analytical method, examines the principles of Leibniz’s Theodicy (i.e., evil as privation, theory of the best of all possible worlds, natural evil as punishment, and linking moral evil to free will) from Kant’s viewpoint and shows their role in the formation of his Theodicy in the pre-critical period. Contrary to Leibniz, he defends the positive reality of evil by distinguishing between logical contradiction and real contradiction. Moreover, based on the principles of Newtonian physics, Kant does not consider natural evil as punishment. However, he is in agreement with Leibniz in justifying moral evil according to mankind’s free will. Regarding the best of all possible worlds theory, it plays the most important role in Kant’s Theodicy in the pre-critical period. Although some objections to this theory are found in Kant’s articles, he seriously has upheld it even at the beginning of the critical period and after his Copernican revolution.

Based on density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP level, we investigated the interaction of DNA nucleobases with carbon nano-rings in armchair and zigzag shapes. Van der Waals correction was applied to describe the long range term of bipolar interaction. Results indicate that a net electric charge was not transferred between the DNA bases and the carbon nano-rings. This indicates the interaction is of physical type. Outcomes show the following order for the strength of the interaction between the carbon nano-ring (9,9) and the four DNA nucleobases: guanine > adenine > cytosine > thymine. The corresponding order for the zigzag carbon nano-ring (15.0) is adenine ≈ guanine > cytosine > thymine, suggesting carbon nano-ring (9,9) may have a potential to specify the sequencing of DNA.

Background: Lifestyle modification through dietary interventions and exercise training is still one of the most effective ways to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a high-intensity interval training along with Portulaca oleracea supplementation on Irisin and TLR4 in the liver tissues of rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 30 male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (n=25) and healthy control (n=5). Non-alcoholic fatty liver was induced by 12 weeks of high-fat diet. After confirming non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, rats (n=20) were assigned into four subgroups; non-alcoholic fatty liver control group (n=5), Portulaca oleracea supplement group (n=5), training group (n=5) and training group + Portulaca oleracea supplement (n=5). Portulaca oleracea supplement was given daily and a high-intensity interval training was presented for 8 weeks, 5 sessions per week. The amounts of Irisin and TLR4 in liver tissue were measured using the sandwich ELISA method. Results: Irisin levels were significantly higher in the training+Portulaca oleracea supplement group compared to the fatty liver control group (P=0.001), the interval training group (P=0.018) and Portulaca oleracea supplement group (P=0.033). The TLR4 levels in the training+Portulaca oleracea supplement group (P=0.007) and the high intensity interval training group (P=0.045) were significantly lower than the fatty liver control group. Conclusion: High-intensity interval training along with Portulaca oleracea supplementation leads to increases in Irisin release and decreases in the TLR4 levels in the liver tissue of rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which may be effective in improving non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

The aim of the current research was to identify the key factors that are effective in improving the quality of the educational environment's architecture in order to increase the motivated presence of students in such environment and as a result to strengthen the academic efficiency. It was a qualitative research. The research population included the valid scientific researches, published between 1980 up to 2019, on motivating students at schools and the behavioral, physical and psychological components influential on improving the quality of the environment. At first, using the keywords "educational environment", "school", "academic efficiency", "evasion of education", "architectural structure" etc… and based on the entry criteria, 362 scientific researches were identified. Then, considering the exclusion criteria, 59 articles were included in the final analysis stage. To analyze the documents qualitatively, Roberts' six-stage research synthesis model was applied, using "MAXQDA10" line-by-line coding methods. Finally, the following key factors were identified including: 1. behavioral-satisfaction, 2. psychological- sense of belonging to the place, and 3. physical - the architectural structure. Also, the conceptual model of key factors influential on improving the quality of educational environments was developed.

Background and Objective: With the increase of cardiovascular diseases worldwide, diagnostic and therapeutic measures, particularly nuclear medicine technology, have also increased. A multiplicity of diagnostic procedures are used for treating many patients with cardiovascular diseases in Farshchian Cardiovascular Hospital, Hamadan, Iran; therefore, the staff of this hospital, especially non-intensive care workers, have encountered a large number of these patients and have fear and concerns caused by this exposure. In this regard, this study aimed to determine the exposure of staff working in non-intensive care units of this Cardiovascular Hospital to ionizing radiation, including gamma-ray. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in which 40 film badges (for radiation measurement) were attached to staff working in two separated inpatient wards (Ward A and Ward B) from non-intensive wards of Farshchian Cardiovascular Hospital in three separate shifts (morning, evening, and night) and in three occupational categories, including nurses, health workers, and service provider staff.[A1] The amount of radiation exposure of people (in mSv) was measured in two separate sections for four mounths (the first two months, the second two months) and SPSS version 26 software was used to analyze the data. Results: Exposure to ionizing radiation, including gamma-ray, in all three occupational categories of nurses, health workers, and service providers was less than 0.05 mSv in both wards, all below the risk threshold. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the exposure of nurses, health workers, and service providers working in the studied wards to ionizing radiation (e.g., gamma-ray) was within the permissible limit; therefore, the working environment of these employees is safe to take care of patients [A1]There is one sentence in Persian abstract which was not translated here. Please check.

این پژوهش از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از نظر روش توصیفی-پیمایشی و از نظر ماهیت، کمی است. جامعۀ آماری شامل معماران و اساتید دانشگاهی است که به موضوع تحقیق آگاهی دارند و تعداد آن‌ها با توجه به گستردگی در سطح کشور نامشخص است. با استفاده از فرمول کوکران و حجم جامعۀ نامشخص، تعداد 384 نفر به‌عنوان حجم نمونه در نظر گرفته شدند. در این پژوهش از پرسش‌نامه 85 سؤالی استفاده شد. جهت بررسی پایایی پرسش‌نامه از آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شد که میزان آن 785/. به‌دست آمد و جهت بررسی روایی از روایی صوری استفاده و تأیید شد. در ادامه از آزمون k-s، تحلیل عاملی تأییدی برای اعتبارسنجی مدل با کمک نرم‌افزار smart pls و spss استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد مدل از روایی برخوردار بوده و مدل با 6 متغیر اصلی و 85 بعد تأیید شد. و همچنین یافته‌های حاصل از پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که ابزار ایجاد روح مکان همان عناصر فیزیکی محیط هستند که باید ویژگی‌های آن‌ها را براساس احترام حواس انسانی درست در کنار هم تبدیل به فضای محاط‌کنندۀ انسان ساخت نمود تا ایده‌هایی که در ذات پیکره‌های عینی مستتر هستند در احساس مخاطب به منصۀ ظهور برسند. چون ایده‌پردازی از کیفیات انتزاعی و استعاری با بهره‌گیری از حس خیال و خاطر، اهمیت نقش زمان و مکان در بروز فضای معین و تغییر ابعاد در بستر زیبایی‌شناسی محیطی می‌تواند در وجود سناریوی حرکتی تعریف شده با دسترسی مناسب و حس‌آمیزی بصری و حسی حجم در مقابل نور با ورود نور تلطیف‌شده از نورگیرها اثر بگذارد. همچنین ابداع نوین ترکیب استعاره‌های هویت تاریخی و پدیده‌های دنیای مدرن با الهام از روح مفاهیم گذشته اثر متقابلی در این همانی سوژه و ابژه در برخورد پیچیده و متغیر با ابعاد نمادین فرهنگی و تمثیلی دارد.اهداف پژوهش:آشنایی با اعتبارسنجی مدل مفهومی متأثر از زیبایی‌شناسی محیطی در روح مکان آثار فرهنگی معماری معاصر ایران.آشنایی با عوامل مؤثر در ایجاد روح مکان در آثار فرهنگی معماری معاصر.سؤالات پژوهش:اعتبارسنجی مدل مفهومی متأثر از زیبایی‌شناسی محیطی در روح مکان آثار فرهنگی معماری معاصر ایران به چه صورت است؟چه عواملی در روح مکان در آثار فرهنگی معماری معاصر نقش دارند؟

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the fourth common cancer in women and human papillomavirus is the most common risk factor of it. The present study was performed aimed to determine the relationship between Vitamin D and human papillomavirus in women referring to the hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.Methods: This comparative study was conducted on 140 women referring to the hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences of Tehran in 2020. The case group were women with HPV infection and the control group in the same centers were the women with no HPV infection based on liquid based pap smear. Data was collected by interview and completing the questionnaire of Pap smear and measuring serum level of vitamin D. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 26) and Mann-Whitney test, independent t, chi-square, Fisher's exact and logistic regression. P

Background & objectives: Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite with global distribution. Diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection with high sensitivity and specificity is very important in managing and treating this disease. The purpose of this study is serological and molecular investigation of toxoplasmosis using B1 gene in HIV- positive patients referred to hospitals affiliated with Iran University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this study, 660 blood samples were collected from HIV/AIDS- positive patients referred to hospitals affiliated with Iran University of Medical Sciences. Patient samples were examined for the presence of IgG and IgM antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii using an ELISA kit. Genomic DNA was extracted from the patient's serum, as well as peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and whole blood samples, and then Real time-PCR was performed. Results: Although IgG antibody against Toxoplasma gondii was positive in 158 (23.9%) patients out of 660 HIV- positive patients, IgM antibody was positive in 5 (0.76%) patients. The results of Real-Time PCR showed that 7 (1.06%) patients were positive in PBMC samples, of which five patients were positive for IgM antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii while two patients had high- level Toxoplasma IgG antibody titers. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that the Real-time PCR method using PBMC DNA samples is a suitable method for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. This method, together with the antibody test, especially the high titer of Toxoplasma IgG antibodies, can be helpful in the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis.

The purpose of this study is to answer three main questions: 1- Do women in managerial positions consider their professional and occupational identities in line with their gender identity? 2- How the professional identity of women working in managerial positions reinforces their gender and family plans? 3- What is the effect of gender norms of society on the profession of women working in managerial positions? In order to achieve the research objectives, a qualitative method was used with a descriptive phenomenological approach, based on in-depth interview data collection techniques, and by targeted and criterion-based sampling method, with a Sample size of 30 women aged between 45-55 years old. For data analysis, the method of thematic analysis was used. The results of the study fall into four main categories: Overflow of positive moral and psychological characteristics, synergy of power and social resources, facilitation and mutual reinforcement of professional and gender roles are classified. Findings show gender characteristics and norms are a key and prominent factor in job success and maintaining organizational status and effective management practices. It also leads to the dimensions of the professional identity of women working in managerial positions. It has led to better alignment and performance and it strengthened their role in the family.

The purpose of this study was to investigating the mediating role of academic adjustment in the relationship between self- construal and IQ with entrance exam performance in students. In this descriptive correlational study, the statistical population consisted of all first year male and female undergraduate students in the experimental subgroup of October entrance of Khorramabad State Universities (Lorestan University and Medical Sciences) in the academic year 2021-2022. 300 people were selected as a sample. To evaluate the performance of students in the entrance exam, from the average percentages obtained in the entrance exam courses in 2019-2020, from the level score of students in the entrance exam and from a questionnaire Self- construal of Hardin, Leong & Bhagwat (2004), Adult Raven IQ test & Academic adjustment of Anderson, Guan & Koc (2016) were used for data collection in this study. The proposed model was evaluated using a path analysis. The results showed that all of the direct paths, except IQ path whit entrance exam performance, were significant. Also indirect pathways were significant IQ and self- construal with entrance exam performance with mediating role of academic adjustment and also, self- construal with entrance exam performance with mediating role of academic adjustment. Based on the results of this study, the proposed model has a good fit and is an important step in identifying the factors affecting students' entrance exam performance.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of a music-based developmental relation therapy program on the promotion of the mother-child relationship of children with an autistic spectrum disorder. The statistical population of this study consisted of all primary school children with level 1 autistic spectrum disorder (Requiring support) that referred to the Autism Charity Center of Tehran. Sixteen boys with autistic spectrum disorder and their mothers were conveniently selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups (N=8). ATEC, GARS-2, and MCRE questionnaires were used to diagnose autism disorder and the effectiveness of the intervention program. The results of one-way ANOVA (between groups) showed that there was a significant difference between the study’s groups in Overprotection (F28,1=13/26, p=0/001, η^2=0/32 ) and Acceptance, F28,1=9/38, p= 0/01, η^2=0/25 ). Indeed, the average of the intervention group in the Overprotection and Acceptance subscales were lower and greater than the control groups respectively. Conclusion: The results showed that the music-based developmental relation therapy program significantly increased the mother-child relationship of children with an autistic spectrum disorder.

امروزه در معماری معاصر ایران، مؤلفه‌های بی‌شماری در راستای زیبایی‌سازی مطرح است. با این حال، بررسی دقیق و مستند این مؤلفه‌ها می‌تواند زمینه را برای بررسی و ارائه دقیق یک الگوی کارآمد فراهم سازد. پژوهش حاضر ازلحاظ هدف، کاربردی و ازلحاظ ماهیت، کمی-کیفی و در بخش کیفی از نوع نظریه‌پردازی داده‌بنیاد است که در ارتباط با کدگذاری محوری از روش استراوس و کوربین استفاده کرده است. جامعۀ در بخش کیفی شامل معماران مطرح معاصر ایران است که از میان آن‌ها تعدادی به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. در بخش کیفی از نظرات و بیانات 11 نفر از معماران معاصر استفاده شد. همچنین جهت بررسی پایایی در بخش گراندد تئوری و کدگذاری، از یادداشت‌های دامنه، نکته‌های تئوری و استفاده از رویه‌های ویژۀ کدگذاری استفاده شد. جامعۀ آماری در بخش کمی، شامل معماران و نیز اساتید دانشگاهی است که به موضوع تحقیق آگاهی دارند و تعداد آن‌ها با توجه به گستردگی در سطح کشور نامشخص است. با استفاده از فرمول کوکران و حجم جامعۀ نامشخص، تعداد 384 نفر به‌عنوان حجم نمونه در نظر گرفته شدند. روش نمونه‌گیری نیز در دسترس است. جهت بررسی پایایی پرسشنامه از آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شد که میزان آن 785/. به‌دست آمد و جهت بررسی روایی از روایی صوری استفاده شد و تأیید شد. جهت تحلیل داده‌های کیفی نیز در این پژوهش از گرانددتئوری استفاده شد. در نهایت مدل مفهومی با شش بُعد شرایط علی، پدیدۀ محوری، عوامل زمینه‌ای، شرایط مداخله‌گر، راهبردها و استراتژی‌ها و پیامدها تدوین شد. همچنین از خروجی حاصل از مرحله کدگذاری انتخابی یک پرسشنامه 85 سؤالی تشکیل شد که در اختیار 384 نفر از نمونۀ آماری جامعه دانشگاهی و معماران قرار گرفت. نظرات آنان از طریق آزمون فریدمن و نرم‌افزار SPSS رتبه‌بندی شد. اولویت‌بندی نهایی از زیرشاخص‌ها ارائه شد تا در کنار مدلی مفهومی پژوهش جهت پاسخگویی به نیازها راهگشا واقع گردد.اهداف پژوهش:آشنایی با نظرات معماران معاصر در باره زیبایی شناسی محیطی و روح مکان در معماری معاصر ایران.تبیین مدل مفهومی متأثر از زیبایی‌شناسی محیطی در روح مکان آثار فرهنگی معماری معاصر ایران.سؤالات پژوهش:از دیدگاه معماران معاصر ایران زیبایی‌شناسی محیطی و روح مکان چه تأثیری در معماری معاصر ایران دارد؟مدل مفهومی متأثر از زیبایی شناسی محیطی در روح مکان آثار فرهنگی معماری معاصر ایران چیست؟

Background and Objectives: Breast cancer, as the most common cancer, is the cause of death in many women around the world. This study aims to predict the immune system performance based on stress coping methods and defense mechanisms in women with breast cancer. Methods: The study population includs all women with breast cancer in Tehran and Guilan provinces of Iran in 2019, from whom 250 were selected by a purposive sampling method. Data were collected using the warning signs of immunodeficiency list, the Defense Style Questionnaire, and the Multidimensional Coping Inventory. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test and multiple regression analysis in SPSS software, version 22. Results: The results of regression analysis showed that the emotion-focused coping as well as mature, neurotic, and immature defense mechanisms could significantly predict the immune system performance (P

Objective(s): Infertility targets marital identity and can disrupt the natural course of a couple's sex life. Narrative Therapy (NT) and Good Enough Sex Model (GESM) are specific methods to promote mental-sexual health. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effectiveness of these two methods on the attitude and sexual satisfaction of infertile couples. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study using pretest- posttest design with a control group. Forty-eight clients referred to urology and genecology office in Tehran, Iran, with primary infertility problem were studied. They were selected through convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to three groups of 16 individuals such as NT, GESM and control groups. The content of NT and GESM was performed separately for the experimental groups for 4 sessions of 90 minutes. To collect data, the demographic questionnaire, Dehghani’ attitude questionnaire and Hudson’ sexual satisfaction questionnaire, was used. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software version 26 and descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance, Bonferroni post hoc test and mixed analysis of variance were used. Results: The results of analysis of covariance showed that both treatments had a significant effect on sexual attitude in the post-test compared to the control group (P

Objective (s): Marital satisfaction is one of the essential components of family stability. The present study aimed to determine the effect of couple therapy with a self-regulation approach on marital satisfaction. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. Participants were sixty clients referred to psychological and counseling centers in Karaj, Iran with marital problems; selected by convenience sampling method. They were randomly assigned into two groups of fifteen pairs: experimental and control groups. The marital satisfaction questions from Spanier Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), were used for data collection. Couples in the experimental group received self-regulation therapy for eight sessions. Marital satisfaction was assessed at three points in time: baseline, immediately after the couple therapy, and two-months follow-up. Independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA with repeated measures, and LSD post hoc test was used. The significance level was considered less than 0.05. Results: The mean age of the experimental and control group was 32.46 and 33.43 years, respectively. Marital satisfaction score in three times assessments in the experimental group was 29.23, 40.50, and 39.1 (P0.05). The difference in the marital satisfaction score in the post-test and follow-up assessments between the two groups also showed a significant difference (P

Background: Post-traumatic growth refers to the positive changes experienced after the traumatic events. Aims: The aim of this study is to explain the post-traumatic growth model of divorced women. Methods: This research was conducted in a qualitative method based on grounded theory in 2020. The sample group reached theoretical saturation by selecting 19 divorced women (by acknowledging the growth experience by participants and Earned a score of two standard deviations above the average in Tedeschi and Calhoun Post-traumatic Growth Inventory). The sampling method was initially purposeful and then the theoretical sampling method was used to saturate the categories. Semi-structured interview method was used to collect data. Then the data were analyzed by the systematic method of Strauss and Corbin. Results: The analysis of the interviews led to the identification of 133 conceptual phrases, 13 main categories and 40 subcategories. Growth and prosperity after divorce is a central category of the post-traumatic growth pattern. Achieving growth and prosperity, in general, can be the product of facing suffering and accepting it, spirituality and love for children. Time was extracted as a mediating factor. Support resources, personality traits and internal factors along with educational and family backgrounds contribute to growth and prosperity as underlying factors. Extracted growth strategies include Asking for help, problem solving, managing thoughts and emotions, doing soothing and self-care activities. Conclusion: The present study, by identifying the factors affecting post-traumatic growth, can pave the way for psychologists and counselors to reduce the negative consequences of divorce and promote post-divorce growth.

Geometry has a special place in Iranian architecture (both pre-Islamic and post-Islamic). Basically, the purpose of using geometry in architecture was to develop and expand the forms and manifestations derived from nature to promote matter and express the principles and beliefs that were considered sacred in their essence in each period. In the period of Iranian-Islamic architecture, the main goal is perfection (the absolute sole of existence). Because geometry can be effective as a tool to improve the quality of the building and understand the meaning and concept of architecture, The aim of this study is to investigate the role of spiritual geometry (abstract world) and corporeal (material world) as a connection point and interface between meaning and body in the architecture of Soltaniyeh dome. The method of the present study is descriptive-analytical. A set of characteristics based on documentary and library studies as well as analyzes for geometry, in two spiritual parts, including symbol and corporeal geometry, including quantitative and qualitative aspects to investigate its role in the architecture of Soltaniyeh dome Is considered. The results of the research show that the spiritual geometry in the structure of the dome using the codes (numbers) and symbols (shapes) creates the most expression in the physical-spatial part. Also, the existence of laws and characteristics (qualitative and quantitative aspects (sizes)) of corporeal geometry, including symmetry, balance, coordination, etc., has caused the materials used in corporeal and material aspects to be improved and the ability to carry meanings, Increase in its corporation.

Introduction: Thoughts, impulses, or images that are distressing and intrusive characterize obsessive-compulsive disorder. On the other hand, obsessive beliefs are important in turning intrusive thoughts into obsessive thoughts. Aim: This study aimed to present a structural model to explain obsessive beliefs among high school students, based on the symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression, metacognitive beliefs, and self-esteem, considering the mediating role of inferential confusion. Method: In this correlational study, the statistical population included all secondary high school students in Aligudarz, Lorestan Province, Iran, during the 2020-2021 academic years. A total of 300 individuals were selected using cluster sampling. Data were collected using the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ-44), Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Metacognitions questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), Inferential Confusion Questionnaire-Expanded Version (ICQ-EV), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling in SPSS-20 and AMOS-24. Results: The goodness of fit indices of the measurements model (x2/df=3.12, RMSEA=0.084) supported the good fitness of the model. Also, the goodness of fit indices of the structural model (x2/df=2.24, RMSEA=0.064) indicated the good fit of the model for the collected data. Conclusion: Based on the results, metacognitive beliefs, symptoms of stress, depression, and anxiety, and self-esteem are among factors affecting obsessive beliefs; inferential confusion plays a mediating role in their association with obsessive beliefs. Therefore, elimination or moderation of contributing factors is essential for correcting obsessive-compulsive beliefs.

The present paper seeks to provide the basis for the persistence of city dwellers in their new cities by promoting their place attachment to their residence. It explains the relationship between the physical criteria in residential complexes and the place attachment in new cities. This research is a fundamental-practical one and relies on library studies and qualitative research strategy. The practical part of the research used a correlation strategy to discover the relationship between variables. To collect information in this section, a questionnaire has been used. The Pearson correlation test and linear regression model has been used to determine the nature of the relationship between the idea of place attachment and physical criteria in the units of residential complexes. SPSS software is used to rank these physical features. From the residents' point of view, 8 key criteria are important in making place attachment in residential complexes. The results of the study, while confirming the significant correlation of these physical factors with the idea of place attachment, showed visual richness as the most effective physical factor in inducing place attachment to their residence and the need to pay attention to high human needs such as the need to the beauty. It was also found that in cases where individuals did not find the physical factors of their residential unit suitable, they showed a greater tendency to leave their place, which is determined that by improving the physical criteria related to the residential unit, we can expect from people to stay there.

Introduction: Among 3 to 30 percent of women of reproductive age, experience abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). Vaginal rings are one of the systems of interest for the local delivery of hormones that due to their polymeric structure allow prolonged release of drug. In this study, the design and fabrication of matrix vaginal rings containing levonorgestrel (LNG) were investigated. Methods: In this experimental study, at first, two pieces of aluminum mold were designed, then base (A) and cross-linker parts (B) of polymer with LNG were mixed and 48 polymeric rings containing LNG were manufactured by injection molding method. To achieve the desired drug release values in a given time, the effect of temperature, rpm, release environment, different initial loading, cross-linker percentage and a mathematical model to predict release and swelling test were investigated. Results: As a result of the experiments, it was revealed that with increasing drug loading, the release rate rises, while increasing the cross-linker percentage reduced the drug release. Finally, the ring A:B=100:9.5 with an initial loading of 0.2 % LNG relative to silicon was selected as an appropriate ring, and release experiments were performed at 37 °C, shaker speed of 80 rpm, and release medium containing 10 % ethanol. Drug release values were measured by spectrophotometer and analyzed by SPSS statistical software version 16. Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be deduced that matrix vaginal ring containing LNG is a suitable drug delivery system for prolonged release of LNG for treatment of AUB that depending on the drug initial loading and cross-linker percentage, the required diffusion coefficient, and release rate can be achieved in a certain time.

Objective: Actinomycetes are useful for biocontrol against soil fungi and increase seed growth, plant weight and yield in some crops. In this study, the isolation, identification and investigation of the population of Streptomyces species in the agricultural soil of C Bagh Fadak area and the effect on the seed growth of olive (Olea europea L.) cultivar Conservalia were investigated. Materials and methods: In this study, actinomycetes were isolated from the soil of region C, then primary screening, culture and secondary screening were done by diffusion in agar and DNA extraction and the effect on seed growth of conservalia cultivar olives. DNA molecular identification was done for all the isolates andtheir rRNA 16s genes were amplified by PCR reaction and the positive samples were sequenced. The results of phylogenetic analyzes of all recorded sequences of this gene were downloaded from the NCBI database and saved for phylogenetic analysis with Mega 7 software in FAST A format. The whole sequence of isolating, identifying and checking the population of Streptomyces species was entered into the software. Findings: 40 actinomycete bacteria were isolated from the soil of area C of Fadak garden. By performing specific tests, Streptomyces isolates were identified. Biochemical and morphological tests (stringy and white appearance) on 5 isolates confirmed the presence of streptomycetes. By producing auxin, the isolates were effective in increasing the rooting of Conservalia cultivar olive seeds. The rooting capacity of Streptomyces isolate D was statistically significant (probability level 0.05). Conclusion: Streptomyces of agricultural soils are effective on tree rooting.

Background: The World Health Organization recently released the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases with the inclusion of Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD). ICD-11 construed CPTSD as a disorder comprising of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and disturbance of self-organization (DSO) domains. In order to have a CPTSD diagnosis, PTSD subdomains (reexperiencing, avoidance, and threat) and DSO subdomains (affective dysregulation, negative self-concept, and interpersonal relationship difficulties) need to be satisfied. Despite the emerging research examining the symptom structure of CPTSD, to date, none so far have reached consensus on what best represents CPTSD. Aims: The purpose of this study was to prepare a Persian version of the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) and to examine its psychometric properties among Iranian women. Methods: 259 people were selected using the convenience sampling method and completed the Persian version of International Trauma Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Cronbach's alpha indices, composite reliability and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficient for PTSD was 0.83 and for DSO was 0.81 and the combined reliability of the test was more than 0.8. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the factor load of the items is more than 0.4 and the scale has good construct validity. Conclusion: Given the desirable psychometric properties of the Persian version of the International Trauma Questionnaire, its use can be recommended to experts in the field of psychology in research and diagnostic situations.

Objectives The world population is rapidly aging, and depression is a common mental disorder among the elderly. This study aimed to test the causal model of depression based on spiritual and social capital through death anxiety in the elderly. Methods & Materials The statistical population included all the elderly in Tehran City in 2020, from which 371 people were selected by convenience sampling. They answered online questionnaires about depression, death anxiety, and spiritual and social capital. Data were analyzed using the path analysis method using Amos software. Results The results showed that spiritual and social capital variables had an indirect and significant relationship with depression through death anxiety. The direct connection between spiritual capital and depression was not significant. But in addition to the indirect relationship, there was a significant direct relationship between social capital and depression. In other words, according to the findings, social capital was associated with depression in addition to its immediate effect on death anxiety. Still, spiritual capital had all its impact on depression through death anxiety. Also, the comparison of the model between the two groups of elderly people with and without a spouse showed that the marital status of the model does not moderate. Conclusion Spiritual and social capital effectively predicts depression in the elderly and its direct effect through death anxiety.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating role of Meaning of life in the relationship between depression, emotional atmosphere in the family, and suicidal ideation in drug-dependent women. The research method was applied and descriptive-correlational. The target population was all drug-addicted women in Ahvaz and the number of available samples was 180. According to the available sampling method, 149 subjects were finally included in the study. In the present study, descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to analyze the data, skewness and elongation were used to determine the normality of the data, and path analysis was employed to evaluate the proposed model. The research instruments were Suicide Thought Questionnaire (SIS) by Mohammadifar et al. (2005), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Hillburn Family Emotional Questionnaire (FEA), and Stiger and Oshi's Meaning of Life Questionnaire (MLQ). SPSS 25 and AMOS 25 software were used. In the proposed model, the variables of suicidal ideation were considered as criterion variables and the variables of family emotional atmosphere and depression were considered as predictor variables. The results show that in the hypothesized model, all direct paths to suicidal ideation, except for family emotional atmosphere, were significant at the p

The present study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of collaboration for academic, social and emotional learning on internalized and externalized emotional and behavioral problems and academic performance of male elementary school students. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test and follow-up with control group. The statistical population includes all fifth grade elementary school students who were educated in the city of Pishva during the 2017-2018 school year. Students were assessed using the Achenbach Checklist (CBCL) (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001). Students with a T-score greater than 63 were classified into a clinical area and randomly divided into an experimental and a control group of 24 members. The experimental group participated in 12 sessions of collaborative social and emotional learning. Post-tests were conducted after the training sessions and a follow-up test was conducted after 3 months to assess the stability of the training. The Aachenbach Emotional Behavioral Problems Questionnaire (CBCL & TRF) and the Academic Performance Test (APT) were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) using SPSS software version 24. The results of the data analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the mean scores of internalized and externalized behavioral problems and academic performance (P = 0.001). Thus, collaborative for academic, social and emotional learning (CASEL) with activities and engaging students with various exercises in the educational process resulted in improved academic performance and reduced emotional and behavioral problems. It is recommended that educational agencies utilize these skills due to the impact of CASEL on reducing internalized and externalized emotional and behavioral problems and improving academic achievement of elementary students.

Thomas Aquinas’s purposeful argument and William Paley’s watchmaker argument are the two prominent types of analogical commentaries that confront serious critiques. This research to answer these questions has been arranged: what is the difference between Aquinas’s argument and Paley’s one? Are the analogical speeches able to prove the existence of God? By applying the analytical-critical method these outcomes are achieved: Paley’s argument is based on the spatial order and the structure of living things and the argument of Thomas based on temporal order and their functioning. Both arguments can be thought the samples of likeness (similitudo) of the analogical (similitude), approving arguments of order. Analogy or likeness has been applied in three positions: definition, approval (affirmation) and reasoning. According to Javadi Amoli’s opinions, as well analogical (tamthili) commentaries are useful in the position of definition and the best debate in the position of approval it is counted a piece of a strict evidence for the existence of God, too. The sacred books such as the holy Quran and tradition prove this obvious matter. In this position according to the principle of the congruity of cause and effect, the ordered effect originates from the All-Wise and All-Knower cause and the basis of similarity between things natural and human (man-made things and natural things) is not only analogy. From his point, the argument of Thomas is arranged in accordance with the objective system which is in the chain of purposes (goals) ends to the last purpose.

Introduction: Covid-19 disease, in addition to the serious damage it has done to the physical health of the people, has caused a great deal of psychological distress, which makes it necessary to understand the factors associated with tolerating distress during this period. Aim: The purpose of this research was to ascertain the predictive value of personality factors and coping methods for distress tolerance during coronavirus outbreaks. Method: The current research used a descriptive-correlational approach. The statistical population consisted of all residents of Tehran aged 18-60 who engaged in the study as online in 2020. The sample size was established using the Cramer formula to be 280 individuals, and they were chosen using a non-random selection approach. Distress Tolerance Questionnaires (DTS), Coping Strategies Questionnaires (WOCQ), and the Neo Personality Questionnaire were used in the study (NEO-FFI). Multiple regression analysis was performed using SPSS software version 25. Results: Personality traits of extroversion, flexibility and agreeing have a positive effect and neurosis have a negative and the most effect on the degree of distress tolerance during coronary heart disease (P=0.001). Problematic strategies have a positive effect and emotion-oriented strategies have a negative and the most effect on the degree of distress tolerance of individuals during coronary heart disease (P=0.001). Conclusion: According to this study's results, personality characteristics and coping methods are critical in predicting distress tolerance during coronavirus outbreaks. As a result, it can be concluded that paying attention to individual personality characteristics, particularly neuroticism and emotion-oriented coping strategies, and providing specialized training and counseling to these individuals during the corona pandemic can be effective in increasing distress tolerance.

Objective (s): The present study aimed to examine a method focused on reacting based on the hidden meanings of overt behaviors and its effect on marriage adaptability. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. Participants were sixty clients referred to psychological and counseling centers in Karaj, Iran with marital adjustment problems. They were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned into two groups of fifteen pairs: experimental and control groups. The Spanier Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), was used to collect information about research variables. Couples in the experimental group received a combination of self-monitoring and self-regulatory therapy for ten sessions to modify their communication actions. The control group only received the usual care. Results: The results showed that compared to the control group, marital adaptability significantly improved in the experimental group at post-treatment and at two-months follow-up assessments (p

Aims: Attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder has negative effects on children's behavior. The aim of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of field information model and child-parent relationship therapy on reducing ADHD symptoms in children in Isfahan. Materials & Methods: The present study was a randomized controlled clinical trial. The statistical population of this study was children aged 5 to 6 and their mothers living in Isfahan in 2018-2019. Thirty patients were selected as a sample by available sampling and then randomly assigned in two experimental groups and a control group were placed. The Pediatric Symptoms Questionnaire (Gadow and Sprafkin, 1984) was used to screen children. Data analysis was performed by univariate analysis of covariance and LSD test with SPSS 22 software. Findings: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups (F=103.100, p≤0.05). In other words, this program are effective in reducing the symptoms of attention deficit in the post-test stage. Conclusion: The present study concludes that these program can be used as an effective intervention.

Background and Objective: Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a new green technology that uses the catabolic ability of microorganisms to produce bioenergy while simultaneously removing organic matter and other wastewater contaminants. Electrode material is one of the factors affecting the performance of microbial fuel cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of microbial fuel cells in COD removal and bioenergy production from synthetic and real beverage wastewater. Materials and Methods: In this research, a two-chamber microbial fuel cell with Nafion membrane and aerated cathode was set up using two electrodes made of carbon felt and flat graphite after being contacted by synthetic wastewater with a concentration of COD 5000 mg/L and real beverage wastewater. Organic matter removal efficiency and voltage, power density and maximum current were determine. Results: Experimental results showed that maximum COD removal efficiency of 92 % was achieved in synthetic wastewater and with a carbon felts electrode. In this condition, maximum voltage, power density and output current density of 469 mV, 175.28 mW/m2, and 855 mA/m2, were obtained, respectively. However, by using real industrial wastewater (beverage), maximum removal efficiency of COD, voltage, power density and output current density, related to carbon felt electrodes ‎were obtaines as 84 %, ‎460 mV, 91/65 mW/m2, and 635 mA/m2, respectively. Conclusion: The findings showed that synthetic wastewater outperforms microbial fuel cells in terms of bioelectric production and organic matter removal as compared to real wastewater (beverage). The reason for the decrease in the cell performance might be the presence of solids and other confounding pollutants in real wastewater.

Background and Aim: Regular exercise and proper exercise programs contribute to improvement of physiological function and improve aerobic capacity, blood absorption, and adequate oxygen supply for the brain and muscles. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of endurance training and adenosine injection on CCL2 gene expression after induction of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in male rats. Materials and Methods: This was an experimental study with a post-test design. The study population included Wistar rats. The sample consisted of 40 male rats which, after induction of ischemia, were randomly divided into the following groups: endurance training + adenosine + ischemia, ischemia + adenosine, endurance training + ischemia, and control + ischemia. After induction of ischemia, the animals performed an endurance training program. In the eighth week the rats received daily injection of 1 mg of adenosine. Then, CCL2 gene expression was measured using laboratory methods. We used mean, standard deviation, Shapiro-Wilks test, Leven test, and one-way analysis of variance (P ≤ 0.05( for data analysis. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the control + ischemia group and the adenosine + ischemia group in the expression of the CCL2 gene. Also there was a significant difference between the control group + ischemia and the endurance training + ischemia group in the expression of the CCL2 gene. But we found no significant difference between the control group + ischemia and the endurance training group + adenosine + ischemia group in the expression of CCL2 gene. Conclusion: Pretreatment with endurance training and adenosine before an ischemic stroke might have regulated CCL2 gene expression. Exercise and adenosine may be useful prophylactic factors for ischemic stroke.

Background and purpose: Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease with a death rate of 1-5%. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between spiritual health and the effects of grief from the loss of loved one due to COVID-19. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in 312 family members of the deceased COVID-19 patients in Mashhad, Iran, April-September 2020. Non-randomized sampling was performed and data were collected online using the Grief Experience Questionnaire (GEQ-34) and the Spiritual Well Being Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive tests and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: According to findings, the highest score in dimensions of grief experience was found for the dimension of stigma (3.89±0.54), followed by the attempt to justify and cope with the absence of the deceased person (3.49±0.43), and judgment of the person or others about the cause of death (3.23±0.37). The highest relationship between spiritual health and reducing the effects of grief was seen in the dimensions of embarrassment and shame (r= -0.593), guilt (r= -0.566), and abandonment (r= -0.535). Conclusion: Abnormal grief in the family of deceased COVID-19 patients is common which could have a negative impact on physical, mental, social, and functional health. So, social support and strengthening spiritual health are needed to reduce the effects of grief in bereaved survivors.