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Objective(s): Elder abuse is one of the serious and dangerous forms of domestic violence that have been the focus of communities and health care professionals for the past few years. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to validate the Persian version of the Elder Abuse Suspicion Index among older community in Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Ahvaz (Khuzestan Province), Iran 2019 on 2020 older people. After translation, the convergent validity, , and the degree of agreement between the two evaluators (Cohen's kappa) were performed to assess construct validity. Reliability was assessed by calculation Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. In addition, the known group comparison was also investigated. The ROC curve was used to calculate sensitivity, specificity and cut off point. Results: The Persian version of this index had acceptable face validity and content validity. The results of convergent validity and concurrent validity, the correlation between the EASI and the domestic mistreatment towards the elderly in the family questionnaire was 0.74 at a significance level. The known groups comparison was significant. The overall kappa coefficient between two evaluators was determined to be 0.873. Also, the value of Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the index was estimated at 0.716. Sensitivity and specificity based on ROC curve at cut point 1 were equal to 62% and 96%, respectively, and the area under ROC curve was determined to be 0.807. Conclusion: The findings indicated that the Persian version of the Elder Abuse Suspicion Index (EASI) is a valid instrument and can be used at primary care settings.

Background and purpose: Elder abuse is one of the major challenges in caring and supporting elderly people. Current research aimed to investigate the relationship between loneliness and experiencing abuse in elderly people attending emergency departments in Amol hospitals, Iran 2019. Materials and methods: A descriptive-analytical correlation study was conducted in 220 people aged>60 years selected by convenience sampling. Demographic information of the participants was recorded and Elder abuse questionnaire in the family and the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA) were used. Data analysis was performed applying descriptive statistics test, Spearman correlation coefficient, multiple regression model and analysis of variance in SPSS V22. Results: The mean age of the elderly was 66.5±5.45 years and 62.7% were female participants. Among the subjects, 50.9% reported at least one type of abuse. Emotional neglect (29.1%) and physical abuse (0.5%) were the most and least frequent types of abuse, respectively. The current study showed significant relationships between all dimensions of abuse and the sense of loneliness (P=0.001) except for authority deprivation (P=0.5) and physical abuse (P=0.1) and financial neglect (P=0.1(. Conclusion: Education and increasing awareness of elderly people and their caregivers can reduce elder abuse and improve their relationship, which will consequently improve the sense of loneliness in elderly people.

Objectives: The present study aimed to review the effects of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the elderly. In this study, we reviewed topics, such as the causes of COVID-19severity in the elderly; the psychological problems of the elderly; the relationship between comorbidities and COVID-19 severity, and the comparison of COVID-19 with other pandemics. Methods & Materials: This systematic review study was conducted in 2020 by searching in international Internet search databases. Boolean Operator (AND, OR) was used for a combined search without a time limit. The search strategy was limited to Persian and English articles using the following keywords: “older adults, COVID-19, psychological problems, social isolation, elderly abuse, ageism”. Finally, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study, the remaining 58 studies were included in the study. Results: The results of the studies were extracted and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the elderly were examined in 8 parts, as follows: Why COVID-19 is more common in the elderly and has more complications; what are the mortality and complications of COVID-19 in the elderly; COVID-19 and underlying diseases; psychological problems caused by COVID-19 in the elderly; COVID-19 and abuse in the elderly; COVID-19and ageism in the elderly; the comparison of COVID-19 with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and influenza epidemics in the elderly, and care for the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic poses serious challenges for the elderly globally. To address these challenges, everyone must work, from government officials to individuals and families. Governments should enact laws that minimize the potential age-related abuse and discrimination and provide equal opportunities for all society members, regardless of age or gender. Families should also be aware of the increasing social isolation of the elderly and keep in touch with them.

Objectives: Elder abuse is a phenomenon that has become more apparent with the increase in aging population, but there are insufficient evidences about the prevalence of elder abuse and gender differences in this area. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the prevalence of elder abuse and its gender differences among community-dwelling older adults in Tabriz, Iran. Methods & Materials: In this cross-sectional study, 414 older adults aged ≥60 years were recruited from health complexes and centers in Tabriz, Iran in 2018 by using random sampling method. Data collection tools were a demographic form and the Domestic Elder Abuse Questionnaire which were completed through interview. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS V. 22 software. Results: It was reported that 52.6% had experienced abuse by family members. Emotional neglect was the most common type of elder abuse (26.6%) followed by financial abuse (17.6%). Physical abuse was the least common type of elder abuse. Except for financial abuse, older women had experienced more abuse than older men. Of those who were abused, only 31.7% recognized it as elder abuse. Conclusion: Most of older adults experience emotional neglect and financial abuse from family members and perceive them as their normal behaviors. Older women experience more abuse than older men. It is necessary to prevent elder abuse and familiarize older adults with different types of elder abuse.

Background and purpose: Elder abuse is one of the major social health problems in societies which is also a challenging issue in providing care to the elderly and the healthcare system in Iran. The rate of this misbehavior has increased rapidly over the past two decades. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of elder abuse and its association with some personal and social characteristics. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in 555 elderly people older than 60 years of age, living in Maragheh, Iran 2017. Elder Assessment Instrument (EAI) was administered to collect the data. Descriptive and analytical statistics were applied for data analysis. Results: The samples mainly aged 60-70 years old (43.4%) and females (53%) were more than males. Among the participants 45.8% reported abuse, including physical abuse (64.9%), psychological abuse (76.3%), neglect (42%), rejection (16.8%), and financial abuse (29.7%). There was a significant association between elder abuse and age, in fact, elder maltreatment was less common in those aged 60-70 years old (P

Objectives The older population and frequency of elder abuse are increasing in Iran. This study aimed to determine the rate of domestic elder abuse in the elderly referring to West Health Care Centers of Tehran City, Iran (affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences), in 2018. Methods & Materials In this cross-sectional study (descriptive-analytical type), 312 older people who referred to 18 health care centers and 34 health care stations in districts 9, 18, 21, and 22 of Tehran City, Iran between October 2017 to January 2018 were selected by random sampling method. Then, the elderly abuse questionnaire was completed for them through face to face interviews. The obtained data were analyzed by t-test and one-way ANOVA in SPSS. Results The Mean±SD age of the participants was 67.93±6.4 years. The findings showed that 77.9% of them had experienced elder abuse from the beginning of old age. Also, 58.3% of them experienced neglect. The most and the least experienced abuses were neglect and sexual abuse, respectively. The Independent t-test showed that the participants who needed a caregiver (t=4.30, df=130.03, P

This study deals with study of dissatisfactions of Tehranian elders in family relations in order to understand the nature, types and lived experience of the elderly in dissatisfaction in these relationships by using qualitative approach and phenomenology method. Sampling method was purposeful sampling with a combination of convenience and snow-balling strategies. The study population consisted of 30 elderly men and women in Tehran, which was done semi-structured deep interviews and data was analyzed by thematic analysis. The findings suggest that the elderly, while having neglect understanding of dissatisfaction, had multiple experiences of dissatisfaction and its types, most notably verbal abuse, physical abuse, emotional/affectional abuse, discredit and lack of care by family members. Dissatisfaction can be classified into five categories according to the types of abuses experienced by the elderly in family relationships: emotional dissatisfaction, verbal dissatisfaction, care dissatisfaction, economic and financial dissatisfaction, and physical dissatisfaction. The elderly have taken different strategies to deal with these dissatisfactions, most notably silence and tolerance, and selective exclusion. The findings indicate that the elderly, although experiencing duplicate and multiple dissatisfactions, but the form of this experience is’nt comprehensice and follows a different pattern among elderly people in terms of men/women, illiterate/literate, and employed/non-employed.

Background: The population of the elderly has grown in recent years in the world and similarly in Iran. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of counseling on the elderly women’s family and raising their awareness about the elder abuse. Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted from August to December 2017 in the health centers of Shahiryar, Tehran Province. Sixty five elderly women were selected by convenient sampling. Then, their first grade families were randomly assigned to two groups: intervention (n=34) and control (n=31). The intervention group received four sessions based on transtheoretical model. Modified questionnaire was evaluated elder abuse and the data analyzed by Pearson chi-square. Findings: The findings showed that counseling sessions, according to the transtheatrical model, can cause a significant reduction in negligence (P

Background and Objectives: Due to physiological and anatomical changes elders are more susceptible and exposed to numerous dangers including elder abuse. Elder abuse is a complex issue; so that it is mentioned as one of the indirect predictors of death which it is hard to assess. The objective of this study was to make researchers become familiar with the concepts, types and indexes of elder abuse. To reach a uniform concept towards this issue will help to make more cohesive actions to track and reduce cases of elder abuse. Results: Different definitions of elder abuse and a variety of elder abuse, indicators and behaviors associated with each type of harassment was offered. The first and most important step in dealing with a phenomenon is to become familiar with the concepts and terminology position. conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, uniform concepts in the field of elder abuse and its different variety will help policy makers and planners have access to the uniform concept in this field. In addition, it is used in setting policy and related policies for the elderly to pay special attention to elder abuse as a specialized subject. Paper type: Review Article.

Background and purpose: Elder abuse is one of the major social health problems in societies which is also a challenging issue in providing care to the elderly and the healthcare system in Iran. The rate of this misbehavior has increased rapidly over the past two decades. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of elder abuse and its association with some personal and social characteristics. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in 555 elderly people older than 60 years of age, living in Maragheh, Iran 2017. Elder Assessment Instrument (EAI) was administered to collect the data. Descriptive and analytical statistics were applied for data analysis. Results: The samples mainly aged 60-70 years old (43.4%) and females (53%) were more than males. Among the participants 45.8% reported abuse, including physical abuse (64.9%), psychological abuse (76.3%), neglect (42%), rejection (16.8%), and financial abuse (29.7%). There was a significant association between elder abuse and age, in fact, elder maltreatment was less common in those aged 60-70 years old (P<0.0001). No significant association was found between elder abuse and BMI (P=0.582) and sex (P=0.258). Conclusion: Islam emphasizes paying respect to elderly, but, this study showed elder abuse to be quiet prevalent in the population studied. So, identifying the factors that cause this issue could raise awareness of the authorities in order to develop appropriate policies and guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Increasing the prevalence of elder abuse has become a health issue in developing countries, including Iran. The purpose of this investigation was the study of the effect of social work intervention with a cognitive behavioral approach on the reduction of the elderly abuse experimentation. Methods & Materials: Twenty-nine elders participated in this study in the intervention (n=14) and control (n=15) groups. In a randomized clinical trial, elder persons and their families who met inclusion criteria were recruited from August 2014 to January 2015. They were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Intervention group received a 5-session family based cognitive-behavioral social work (FBCBSW) intervention. The domestic elder abuse questionnaire was administered to evaluate the elder abuse at baseline, immediate post-intervention, and at 30 day post-intervention.Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Wilcoxon test were used for data analysis. Results: All participants reported at least one type of abuse and almost 75.9% of them reported that their children were main abusers. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed that FBCBSW was successful in reducing elder abuse (total score). Wilcoxon test illustrated significant reduction in subscales of neglect care (P=0.01), psychological abuse (P=0.003), financial abuse (P=0.01), loss of personal autonomy (P=0.005), and financial neglect (P=0.02) in the intervention group while the intervention was not effective to reduce physical abuse (P=0.31). Conclusion: The result of this study showed that FBCBSW is an effective intervention to decrease elder abuse. For future studies, implementing the same clinical trial with bigger sample size and 3 and 6 months follow up is recommended.

Objectives: Aging and its subsequent issues must be considered as the main challenges of the future. Studies on abuse of the elderly are very limited. This study which was conducted in 2013 and aimed to determine the prevalence and types of domestic abuse in the elderly referred to health care centers in Gorgan and Aq-Qala cities, Gorgan Province, Iran. Methods & Materials: In this cross-sectional analytical study, through a random sampling, 465 elders aged 65 or older (125 men and 254 women), residing in the health care centers in Gorgan and Aq-Qala, were enrolled. A face-to-face interview was carried out with all participants at the health care centers. First, their cognitive states were evaluated using the Iranian version of abbreviated mental test score and if they obtained the score of 6 or higher they would be entered in the study, after taking their informed consents. Then, the domestic elder abuse questionnaire for elderly people and a questionnaire designed by the authors for collecting demographic and personal data was administered. Descriptive (percentage, frequency, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (The Chi-square, t-test) were performed using SPSS (version 16). Results: The total frequency of elder abuse was 63.3%. The highest frequencies were related to care neglect (59.8%) and psychological abuse (53.3%) and the lowest ones belonged to physical abuse (8%) and abandonment (8.2%). Some factors, including sex (P

Objectives: Elderly people are the most vulnerable group of the society and elder abuse phenomenon is one of the most considerable challenges in the field of protecting and caring the elders. The present study was conducted in order to determine domestic elder abuse in rural area of Dezful City, Iran, and its relation with their quality of life in 2013. Methods & Materials: The present study is a correlational cross-sectional study. By cluster random sampling method, 210 elders, aged ≥60 years and resident of Dezful City, were selected to participate in the study. Those elders, who had no cognitive disorder based on Persian version of short test of cognitive status, were entered into the study after obtaining their consent. Afterwards, the questionnaire of family elder abuse; Persian version of SF-36 questionnaire for measuring life quality from health perspective; and also questionnaire of demographic and personal information were fulfilled for them. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Chi-square, and t-tests. Results: Results of the present study indicated that 60.5% of studied sample experienced at least one type of abuse. Maximum prevalence of abuse was related to emotional negligence (38.6%) and minimum level to care negligence (7.3%). At the present study, group of elders without experience of abuse had significantly better life quality than others in all 8 aspects of life quality, except for 2 aspects of physical performance and general health (P

Background and Objective: Due to physiological and anatomical changes elders are more susceptible and exposed to numerous dangers including elder abuse. Elder abuse is a complex issue; so that it is mentioned as one of the indirect predictors of death which it is hard to assess. The objective of this study was to make researchers become familiar with the concepts, types and indexes of elder abuse. To reach a uniform concept towards this issue will help to make more cohesive actions to track and reduce cases of elder abuse. Results: Different definitions of elder abuse and a variety of elder abuse, indicators and behaviors associated with each type of harassment was offered. The first and most important step in dealing with a phenomenon is to become familiar with the concepts and terminology position. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, uniform concepts in the field of elder abuse and its different variety will help policy makers and planners have access to the uniform concept in this field. In addition, it is used in setting policy and related policies for the elderly to pay special attention to elder abuse as a specialized subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective (s): This study aimed to investigate the quality of life in older people suffering from abuse by family members in comparison with older patients without such experiences.Methods: Using a quantitative design and a cross-sectional approach, 360 older people (180 abused and 180 non- abused older people) aged over 65 years was entered into the study. Data were collected using the Iranian version of Abbreviated Mental Test Score, the Domestic Elder Abuse Questionnaire and the Iranian version of 36-item Short form Health Survey (SF-36) via face-to-face interviews.Results: It was found that the older people who did not experience abuse from family members reported higher quality of life in comparison with the abused older people(P

Objectives: Elder abuse (Doing or not done a single or repeated act That bothers or to cause harm to an elderly) is one of the social health problems in modern societies to rise and has a prominent role in prevention education The objective of this study was to investigate elderly abuse in Persian literature. Methods & Materials: This study identified themes related to elder abuse in Persian literature and the educational structure were developed developed In this regard, poems of poets and authors of Persian literature Using the software for Dorj book including 178 of 101 literary Persian poet and author is known and ganjur Site including large number of poets and In cases where there was no electronic versions of books were read line by line And using a library of content analysis, subjects were studied Results: The study defined types of elder abuse and elder abuse causes of elder abuse and how to prevent abuse of the elderly that each expression is detailed in the text Conclusion: The results of the rich Persian literature could result in abuse of elderly has been considered from two aspects 1- denounced the abuse of older 2- culture of reverence and respect for the elderly in order to prevent abuse of the elderly

Objectives: Older people are a vulnerable group in the society and older people abuse is a common challenge in the domain of caring and advocating. This study aimed to investigate the elderly abuse prevalence and its relationship with individual and social characteristics. Methods & Materials: This study was a cross-sectional study. Participants were 385 older people aged more than 60 years old who were selected randomly. Elder Abuse scale (content validity and reliability=87%) used. Data analysis conduced in SPSS. Results: Participant's mean age was 70 years old prevalence of physical abuse was 11.7%, emotional abuse 5.18%, neglect 27.7%, abundance 23/8% and financial abuse 18/3%. There was a significant association (P=0.001) between exiting disease and type of living and also between physical dependence to others and abuse (P=0.001). Conclusion: Despite respect to elder people in our culture, this population experience abuse specially neglect and financial ones. There fore,precise recognition of elder abuse in our society can increase the awareness and senility of responsible organizations in order to prevent and plan for an effective system, for vulnerable older people .

Introduction: Attention to psychological abuse of old women as a vulnerable group and its complications are important issues. We performed this study to determine the effect of family counseling program on prevention of psychological abuse of elderly women. Methods and Materials: This is a semi-experimental study. We selected 30 old women referring to clinics of an educational hospital in Tehran by simple randomization. Data collecting instruments included demographic sheets about old person and family members and a questionnaire about psychological abuse, which were completed by interview. An observational checklist about behavioral symptoms was completed at 3 interview sessions by family and old person at home. Then 6 counseling sessions were established. Duration of every session was 1:30 up to 2 hours. After two months and in the last three sessions, final evaluation was conducted by again completing data collecting instruments. Results: study results showed that 90% of abusers were woman and family dysfunction was the reason of abuse in 43.3% of cases. Mean score of psychological abuse showed a significant decrease after counseling, using dependent t-test and Wilcoxon test (p

Background and purpose: Older people are one of the most vulnerable groups in every society and elder abuse is an important issue when considering their care and support. This study aimed at investigating the prevalence of elder abuse against women and related factors in Sabsevar (north east of Iran). Materials and methods: This analytical-descriptive study was conducted in 180 women older than 60 years of age who met our inclusion criteria. They were selected through stratified sampling in 2013. Data was collected using domestic elder abuse questionnaire. To analyze the data descriptive and non-parametric analytical tests were performed in SPSS V.16. Results: Among the studied population 49.39% were observed to suffer from elder abuse. The criteria with highest and lowest prevalence of elder abuse against women were emotional neglect (69%) and abandonment (42.87%), respectively. Significant association was seen between three types of elder abuse namely care neglect, psychological abuse, and abandonment and re-hospitalization (P=0.000). But no significant relationship was observed between elder abuse and educational level, economic state, income resources, and suffering from a chronic disease. Conclusion: This study showed that almost half of older women experience some types of abuse which can lead to different diseases and re-hospitalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]