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Introduction and purpose: This study was carried out with the aim of expressing the prognosis of COVID-19 with a history of taking drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system in affected patients. Methodology: In this cross-sectional observational-analytical study, the information of patients who were referred to Imam Reza (AS) hospital with suspected symptoms of COVID-19from March 2018 to May 1400, was extracted from the registry system of Imam Reza (AS) Mashhad Hospital. Demographic information, underlying diseases and simultaneous use of other drugs, drugs used in the treatment of COVID-19, body temperature, blood oxygen level, progression of COVID-19, on the day of admission and the day of discharge in 139 patients with COVID-19 with history of use drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system in the management of blood pressure (group A) were compared with 67 patients with COVID-19 who had no history of taking drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system in the management of blood pressure. The duration of hospitalization and the final outcome (improvement/death) were also recorded for the patients. Findings: There was no statistically significant relationship between the history of taking drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system with the mortality rate (p=0.72) and clinical parameters such as the severity of the COVID-19 disease (p=0.64), fever (p=0.72) and the level of oxygen in the blood (p=0.40). There was no significant relationship between the use of drugs that affect the renin-angiotensin system and the number of days of hospitalization at the time of discharge from the hospital in both groups. Conclusion: The history of taking drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system does not play a major role in the exacerbation of the disease of COVID-19 or the increase in mortality in patients with hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to determine the relationship and predictive contribution of sense of meaning in life and sense of coherence in post-traumatic growth in re-covered married people from COVID-19 in Ilam. The design of the present study was quantitative, cross-sectional and correlational, in which the relationship and prediction of the dependent variable (post-traumatic growth) was determined based on independent variables (sense of meaning in life and sense of cohesion).The statistical population of the present study included all patients with coronary heart disease (5000 people) in Ilam city who were discharged from Mostafa Khomeini Hospital in Region 4 (Ilam). The sample of this study was determined based on the number of statistical population; in this way, first the population size was determined and then according to Morgan table, the sample size (350 people) was calculated and 198 were male and 152 were female. The sampling method was random. Data were collected based on the Meaning of Life Questionnaire by Estger and Oishi (2004), the Antonovsky Coherence Questionnaire (1993) and the Tedeschi Vacalon Post-Traumatic Development Questionnaire (1996). The results showed that the sense of meaning in life and the sense of cohesion significantly predict posttraumatic growth. This means that the higher the sense of meaning in life and the sense of cohesion in those who have recovered from COVID-19, the more post-traumatic growth they experienced (p<0.05). Based on these results, it can be said that strengthening the sense of meaning in life and the sense of cohesion in people with coronavirus can be considered as an important item for the possibility of tolerating this disease, as well as changes and positive growth after it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Aviation Industry and its governing law are vulnerable to the outbreak and pandemic of contagious diseases. It is possible that the industry takes part in the spread of disease and endanger lives, while on the other hand, with the spread of contagious diseases, the economic cycle of actors and beneficiaries of the aviation industry is seriously threatened and faced with numerous difficulties, which eventually is to the detriment of the economy in whole. Studies illustrate that the norms and rules related to counter the spreading of disease through air navigation are mainly taken from the International and regional laws but the norms and rules dealing with the economic effects of such pandemics are largely attained from national laws. This article, using the same structure and classification, analyzes legal aspects of contagious diseases in the aviation industry with emphasis on the novel Coronavirus disease. The results indicate that the law of contagious diseases in the aviation industry should have three important characteristics: “cooperative or collaborative”, “supportive” and “temporary”.

Introduction: The widespread prevalence of Coronavirus (COVID-19) around the world has raised concerns about physical activity and exercise. Patients with COVID-19 are 22% percent more likely to have heart damage than other people with infectious diseases. Due to the cardiovascular complications seen in patients, there are limitations for athletes due to the severity of the disease. Despite doubts about the outcomes of COVID 19 disease, there is a lot of insist on athletes to continue sports matches, including football, due to economic and competitive factor. The main aim of this study was to explain about the time when athletes with Covid-19 and cardiovascular approach return to sports activities.

Background and aims: The outbreak of COVID-19 is currently a major concern, and timely understanding of peoplechr('39')s mental health status in the workplace has become an important issue. Physical-psychological parameters such as mental workload and job stress are among the most important components in determining the job performance of employees in work environments. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 epidemic on job stress and mental workload of employees in a chemical industry. Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted in two stages (before and during the COVID-19 outbreak in Iran) from December 2019 to May 2020 in a chemical industry in Bushehr province. It should be noted that the first phase of this study was conducted before the outbreak of coronavirus in the form of a cross-sectional study. However, after the outbreak of coronavirus and in order to investigate the changing trend in the parameters of mental workload and job stress among participants, this study was performed in two stages in the form of a longitudinal study. The statistical population included all employees working in a chemical industry. The sample size was calculated using Cochranchr('39')s formula with an error level of 0.05 and included 182 workers who were selected by simple random sampling method. The inclusion criterion was having at least one year of work experience and exclusion criteria were the presence of chronic mental illness, the use of sedatives, and insufficient willingness to participate in the study. Participants were able to drop out of the study at any stage if they were unwilling. Before starting the study and completing the questionnaires, all the necessary information about how to complete the questionnaires was explained to the staff and they expressed their willingness to take part in the study. However, to prevent a decrease in the number of participants in the study, the number of employees who entered the study included 200 people (182 people + 10% of the total sample size (18 worker)). The NASA-TLX mental workload questionnaire and the HSE job stress questionnaire were used to evaluate mental workload and job stress, respectively. The data collected during the present study were analyzed using IBM SPSS statistical software version 25. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality of data distribution. The findings of this statistical test showed that the distribution of data was normal in all cases (p >0.05). Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency) were reported and statistical analysis was performed using paired sample t-test (to compare the mean of characteristics of the two psychological components of mental workload and job stress before and during the outbreak of coronavirus) as well as Chi-Square / Fisherchr('39')s exact test. All tests were performed at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The means of age and work experience of the subjects were 32.88±9.53 and 9.45±4.23 years, respectively. The results of mental workload assessment based on the NASA-TLX index showed that the mean score of mental workload before and during the prevalence of coronavirus disease was 56.32± 9.58 and 66.45±11.82, respectively, and that there was a significant relationship between these values (p

Background Considering the high prevalence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the medical resource constraints, a better understanding of the characteristics of the disease and identifying the factors indicating the severity of the disease can help decide on the allocation of important and limited resources. The current study aimed to investigate the demographic, clinical, laboratory characteristics, and imaging features of critically-ill patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit )ICU) of 3 hospitals in Rash City, Iran. Objective This retrospective study was performed on 138 patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to the ICU. The study patients’ data, including demographic characteristics, underlying disease, laboratory, imaging findings, and disease outcome were extracted from their records. Methods This retrospective study was performed on 138 patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to ICU. Patient data, including demographic characteristics, underlying disease, laboratory and imaging findings, and disease outcomes, were extracted from patient records. Results In this study, the majority of patients were male and in the age range of 55-69 years. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic heart disease were the most common underlying diseases; shortness of breath, fever, and cough were the most common symptoms. Ground glass opacities were the most common sign in lung Computer Tomography (CT) scan and an increase in the level of LDH, ESR, CRP, neutrophil percentage, and lymphopenia were the most common laboratory findings in the study subjects. The mortality rate was equal to 90.58%. Conclusion This study revealed that most patients with severe manifestations of the disease were older, had a history of underlying disease, symptoms of shortness of breath, cough, and fever, and extensive lung involvement in imaging and changes in laboratory results. Mortality remained high despite medical therapy and mechanical ventilation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has endangered people’s health, especially that of the elderly, worldwide, and has caused many psychosocial damages. Therefore, the current study aims to investigate the psychological experiences of the elderly during the pandemic of COVID-19. This was a qualitative study of phenomenological type, in which the content analysis method was used. Fifteen elderly (60 years and older) experiencing quarantine conditions and physical distancing without COVID-19 infection were selected as the study sample using purposive sampling method. Sampling was continued until theoretical saturation was reached. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and Colaizzi analysis was used to analyze them. Extracted findings from the interviews were classified into 6 main themes (empty nest experience, hypersensitivity, psychological distress, personal problems, interpersonal problems and tension resulted from conditions) and 26 sub-themes. 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