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Background: Rectal route is a gold standard method of measuring fever, but it is invasive and stressful for parents and children. A recently used method is tympanic that has the advantages of safety, speed and compatibility but its accuracy is under question. Methods: In order to assess the accuracy of tympanic thermometry, 220 children within 3 months to 6 years old were selected and temperature was checked by rectal, axillary and tympanic methods. Results: The mean rectal temperature, compared with tympanic and axillary, was higher (0.3oc and 0.1oc, respectively). There was a good correlation between right and left tympanic measurements (r=0.87, P

Objective(s): To investigate on accuracy of axillary temperature measurement. Material & Methods: A total of 400 individuals with or without fever attending the Shariati Hospital in Tehran were entered into the study. Oral and axillary temperatures were measured and recorded for each subject. Results: There were 276 male (66.7%) and 133 female (33.3%) cases in the study. The mean age, oral and axillary temperature were 46.39 (±17.4), 37.05 (±0.51), 36.6 (±0.56) respectively. Sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 98% respectively at two cut off points (36.85 and 37.35 Centigrade). Conclusion: It appears that the use of axillary temperature measurement is an accurate assessment to detect or exclude fever if used appropriately.