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Providing public services continuously and without interruption is one of the most important forms of citizenship rights. Among these services, there is the provision of instrument and property registration services that should never be delayed. Sometimes the notary does not find the possibility to be serve the office. In these cases, the institution of an alternative of a notary has been established. Here, the question that arises is what is the proper legal structure of the institution of an alternative of a notary public? as a hypothesis, it should be said that identifying the necessary independence on the one hand, and drawing a clear competence is appropriate to the position of holding the registration services on the other hand, are the most important aspects of the legal structure that oversees the institution of an alternative of a notary public. our research show that the of Iran legal order, by a classic view of the notary system, insist on the implementation of the individual-based of a notary system by creating an inchoate overlap between the notary and its alternatives along with the lack of necessary independence, take an improper policy to meet the needs of citizens relate to registration services. On the other hand, the france legal order has established a right strategy of providing registration services to the society by identifying the cooperative notary system and creating a complete overlap in the jurisdiction of the notary and his alternative.

Background and Objective: Three-Stage Theory explains development of suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt. According to Three-Stage Theory, high levels of pain and high levels of hopelessness lead to suicidal ideation. Belongingness plays a protective role against suicidal ideation and individual's suicide capacity predicts suicidal attempt. The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between pain, hopelessness, belongingness with suicidal ideation and attempt. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 224 patients hospitalized in psychiatric department of Shahid Yahya Nejad Hospital with suicidal ideation were selected through convenience sampling between March to August 2021. All participants completed suicidal attempt question of Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview, Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation, Scale of Psychache, Beck Hopelessness Scale, Interpersonal Need Questionnaire and Suicidal Capacity Scale-3. Pearson's correlation, t-tests, hierarchical regression, analysis of variance and logistic regression were used to analyze the data and data were analyzed using SPSS software version 27. Results: There was a significant interactive effect between pain and hopelessness in predicting suicidal ideation (P< 0.01, t = 5.01). Additionally, belongingness and burdensomeness had significant interactive effects in predicting suicidal ideation (P< 0.01, t = 2.16). Pain and hopelessness accounted for 63.6% of the variance of suicidal ideation, while belongingness and burdensomeness explained 49.8% of variance in suicidal ideation. According to logistic regression, psychological pain (P

Abstract Drawings on artwork in the form of ancient symbolic motifs from prehistoric times to the present day have been illustrated in abstract and naturalized manner. These concepts have purposes such as magic, amulet, ornament, allegory, lived experience, narrative, and so on. The triple archetype is also considered as one of such original and symbolic motifs. In Iranian art this motif has preserved its essence over time and in various governmental, political and religious circumstances and has moved from one era to another and has advanced with the development of ethnic groups. The three constituent elements of such an archetype consists of plant (tree or flower), human and animal (cattle and birds) elements which include a central pattern and two symmetrically patterns appearing on the two sides of the central feature. The pivotal point is how the Holy Trinity evolved from the sacred space to the decorative space. This transition has been maintained in various ways and is still present in the context of contemporary Iranian art. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze 58 selected framed samples of Iranian paintings with an iconographic approach. These frames have been selected from Proto-Elamite to Contemporary with emphasis on the triple archetype on the Persian carpet which has 39 items. The results of the study show that traces of symbolism and sacredness are evident in the drawing of artifacts on the context of artworks, in spite of its ornamental decoration, the artist's and the audience's affection is evident. This attachment is the same aesthetic sense of the institutional in totemic symbolic objects. Notable in these trilogies are their gender, which some see as central to feminine and masculine motifs despite the disagreement of others. Research aims: 1. Achievement of the developmental stages of form and content of the trilogy with focus on the variable tree element in the application of motifs in Iranian art. 2. Investigation on the form and content of the transformation of the triple archetype with emphasis on the motif of the tree in Persian carpets. Research questions: 1. What is the reason for applying the triple archetype from the past to present in the daily life of the people? 2. What developments have occurred in term of form and content on the tree motif?

Not long after the discovery of the Halilud (Jiroft) civilization, much research has been done on this civilization and the study of the structure of motifs on recent works. Given the lack of written information and sufficient historical evidence from this civilization and its place in the history of ancient Iranian art, articles on the subject can be a good source of inspiration and inspiration. , Our knowledge, technical know-how, and so on. The motifs used on the works are an important part of ancient Iranian art. The motifs of pottery, and many of which are decorated with very beautiful themes, have always been at odds with the worldview, symbolic concepts, and cultural connections of societies in times past. The purpose of this research is to study the visual structure of decorative motifs (technical knowledge of aesthetics) on the found works of Jiroft civilization and to question their aesthetic quality. As well as studying the visual structure of the motifs used on the works, we can reveal the visual sensibilities of the creators of these works on the beautiful, the principled and precise application of aesthetic elements (technical knowledge) such as rhythm, symmetry, balance, proportion, concentration, balance and so on. The stone artifacts of Jiroft civilization are widespread and it is important to note that the people of this civilization, in addition to the functional aspects of everyday life, use various motifs (geometric, human, plant, animal, thematic and symbolic) on these works. They have tried to satisfy their aesthetic needs. The method of data collection in this article is library studies and field research through objective observation and research method is descriptive and analytical. It seems that the origin of the visual elements, abstract ideas, and realistic images is derived from the surrounding nature and mythological rituals of the field, along with the sensitive and aesthetic mind of the artists emanating from their culture. Engraving on these containers has been a means of conveying the message in pre-historic times and has been used by artists as the most appropriate canvas for displaying the message and human knowledge. The questions of this study are: 1. What are the elements and qualities of the technical (visual knowledge) used in the design and composition of the decoration of the containers and what are the visual communication techniques associated with the Harylrud stone containers? What is the semantic relationship between the form and content of the motifs in these works? Objectives: 1) To study the visual and visual structure of the motifs in the works of this civilization 2) To analyze the relationship between form and content used in the works of this civilization

In Iranian paintings, the element of nature, particularly trees are reflected abundantly and was considered as the pillar and foundation of existence, the connection between earth and sky the basis of the universe. Moreover, the mentioned symbol was a sign of birth, growth, development, death, resurrection, stable existence and immortality. The role of the tree has been used in the historical monuments of the Islamic period. One of the beautiful structures of the Safavid period is the Chehelsoton Palace. The issue under study is the presence of the tree motif in the mentioned structure and its role and purpose. The research approach is qualitative and data analysis is accomplished via a descriptive-analytical manner. Data and information is collected from library sources, online sources, as well as field observations. The findings of the research indicate that in the paintings of the Chehelsoton Palace of Isfahan, about 110 wall paintings decorated with the tree motif are identified. Further understanding of the occurrence of the tree designs, necessitated this research. The role of the tree is mostly inspired by the tangible nature and the actual trees located in the garden of this mansion that are drawn and painted in various manners (elm, sycamore, cypress, blossom and fruit trees). Likewise, the motifs do not only bestow a purely decorative aspect due to their proximity and relationship between human beings and other elements, but also behold a thematic and conceptual aspect. Research aims: 1. A study and analysis of tree designs in the paintings of Chehelsoton Palace in Isfahan in terms of form and content. 2. A reflection on the effective sources in designing the tree motifs of the Chehelsoton Palace. Research questions: 1. What is the role and position of the tree motif in the paintings of the Chehelsoton Palace from a structural and thematic point of view? 2. What was the basis and approach of the artist in designing the various tree motifs?

The question that weighed on the criminal protection of legal rules, the philosophy of criminalization of some behaviors and justify the imposition of punishment on the violators of values. Governments have always tried to express in the name of acceptable opinion, to justify their criminalization. Answering about the philosophy of criminalization is also important for the Disturbing crimes in criminal procedure process, that the subject of this article. The investigation revealed that any crime disturb in the process of the criminal procedure benefit differents rules and principles of the criminalization. It can be considered the justification of criminal intervention, "The harm principle" in most cases of these crimes and "The public interest" & "The moralism" principles in the limited extent and in other instances of crimes, The Jurisprudential rule of "prohibition of help on Esm and Odwan". At the same time the rule of "La zarar" can not be used as a basis for the criminalization. The research method used is descriptive-analytic.

Adjuvants are chemicals, microbial components, or mammalian proteins that enhance the immune response to vaccine antigens. Reducing vaccine-related adverse effects and inducing specific types of immunity has led to the development of numerous new adjuvants. Adjuvants in experimental and commercial vaccines include aluminum salts (alum), oil emulsions, saponins, immune-stimulating complexes (ISCOMs), liposomes, microparticles, nonionic block copolymers, derivatized polysaccharides, cytokines, and a wide variety of bacterial derivatives. The mechanisms of action of these diverse compounds are different. Factors influencing the selection of an adjuvant include animal species, specific pathogen, vaccine antigen, route of immunization, and type of immunity needed. In this paper we review the current adjuvant types, structure and mechanism of action and their application in the design and production of animal and human vaccines to provide a source for students and researchers in related fields .