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Background and Objectives: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a common parasitic disease in tropical and subtropical areas. This disease has become endemic in some parts of Qom province in central Iran. This study aims to determine the epidemiological characteristics and endemicity of zoonotic CL in Qom, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, out of 45 villages located in CL endemic areas in central and Kahak districts of Qom province, 8 villages were randomly selected. At the end of each season, the households were visited and their demographic information and history of infection with CL were recorded using standard forms. Results: Out of 4228 people living in 8 disease endemic villages, 1920(45.41%) had skin lesions and a history of infection with CL. We also found 165 new cases with active lesions. The prevalence of zoonotic CL was 71.49 per 1000 persons. Among patients, 13.33% were under 7 years of age and 67.87% aged >15 years old. Therefore, zoonotic CL in the study area had a hypoendemic focus. Conclusion: The focus of zoonotic CL in Qom province is hypoendemic. Therefore, personal protection methods against sandfly bites such as the use of mosquito nets (especially insecticide-treated mosquito nets), the nets for doors and windows in residential areas, and the insect repellent compounds are recommended to control the disease in Qom.

Background and Objectives:Leishmaniasis is a vector borne disease, which is transmitted by sandflies. This study aims to determine the epidemiological status of leishmaniasisand ecological characteristics of sandflies in Maraveh-Tapeh County, Golestan province. Methods: In this study, incidence rate of the disease was calculated and its distribution in different rural district was determined using GIS method. Then, 3 villages were randomly selected, and sampling of sandflies was performed in July, August, and September. Ten sticky traps were installed once a month in living places of human, livestock, and birds, rodents’ burrows, and unroofed places. All captured sandflies were collected and their species were identified. Results:A total of 159 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis were reported in 2011-2012, of which the highest incidence rate was in Maraveh-Tapeh district. Furthermore, atotal of 1983 sandflies were collected and 13 species of sandflies were identified. Ph. papatasi (31.6%) was the predominant species in the district, and also predominant species in rodent burrows, and human and livestock indoor living places. S. sintoni was the predominant species in bird indoor living places and unroofed places. There was a significant association between different species of sandflies and various capture areas (p

Background and Objective:leishmaniasis is a Zoonotic disease that is transmited by sandfly to human. This study were carried out in order to demonstrate some ecological characters of leishmaniasis vectors in Kalaleh district, Golestan province ,Iran, during 2006-07. Materials and Methods: In present study 6 villages were selected. Sandfly were collected by sticky traps. 3 places were sampled in each village and in each places 20 traps were installed. After sampling collection, we used diagnostic criteria to identify the Sandflies, also confirmed human cases were recorded according to the months of identification. Results: 4900 sandflies were detected in 6 villages and 12 species of sandflies were identified, which including P.papatasi, P.mongolensis, P.caucasicus, P.caucasicus group, P.sergenti, P.alexandri, P.kazeroni, P.brevis, P.(adlerius) sp, S.sintoni, S.clydei, S.sogdiana). P.papatasi was predominant species in indoor places (46.1%) and S.sintoni was in outdoor places (36.7%). Sandflies activities extended from early May through mid October with two peaks in mid June and September. Human infection had a important peak in January. During the collection of sandflies, the species of P.alexandri, P.kazeroni, P.brevis, P.(Adlerius sp.), S.clydei and S.sogdiana were collected for the first time from this area. Conclusion: In this study, P.papatasi was the predominant species in this area. Sandflies second activity peak occured in September that is crucial for transmission of disease. The incubation period for this disease was four months.