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مقدمه: اختلال اضطراب فراگیر و اضطراب بیماری ، دو اختلال نسبتاً شایعی است که علی‌رغم قرار گیری آنها در دو طبقة مجزای تشخیصی دارای شباهت‌های زیادی در علائم روانشناختی هستند. این مطالعه با هدف مقایسة این دو اختلال در مشخصه‌های تحمل پریشانی، واکنش‌پذیری هیجانی و حساسیت اضطرابی صورت گرفت.روش: پژوهش حاضر یک مطالعة مورد - شاهدی بود. نمونة مطالعه شامل 36 فرد مبتلا به اضطراب فراگیر، 36 فرد مبتلا به اضطراب بیماری و 36 فرد عادی بود. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از پرسشنامة حساسیت اضطرابی، مقیاس تحمل پریشانی و مقیاس واکنش‌پذیری هیجانی استفاده شد. تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS-19 و با آزمون تحلیل واریانس صورت گرفت.نتایج: نتایج نشان داد، افراد دارای اضطراب فراگیر و اضطراب بیماری حساسیت اضطرابی بیشتر و تحمل پریشانی کمتری را نسبت به افراد بهنجار دارند (05/0>P). در حالی‌که در میزان واکنش‌پذیری با افراد بهنجار تفاوتی نداشتند (54/0=F، 58/0=P). همچنین، نتایج نشان داد که در میزان تحمل پریشانی بین دو گروه دارای اضطراب فراگیر و اضطراب سلامت تفاوتی وجود ندارد (06/0=P)؛ ولی افراد دارای اضطراب فراگیر، حساسیت اضطرابی بیشتری را در مقایسه با افراد دارای اضطراب بیماری گزارش دادند (05/0>P).بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: گرچه حساسیت جسمانی در اختلال اضطراب فراگیر نقش برجسته‌تری دارد؛ ولی به‌طور کلی به‌نظر می‌رسد تحمل پریشانی و حساسیت اضطرابی، مشخصه‌های مشترک و فراتشخیصی در اختلالات روانشناختی از جمله اختلال اضطراب فراگیر و اضطراب بیماری باشند.

مقدمه: چندش، یکی از شش هیجان اولیه‌ای است که توسط داروین معرفی شد. از جمله ابزارهای سنجش این هیجان، مقیاس حساسیت و گرایش به تجربه چندش است. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی ساختار عاملی و ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی این مقیاس در جامعه ایرانی صورت گرفت. روش: این مطالعه از نوع پژوهش‌های توصیفی محسوب می‌گردد. نمونه مورد مطالعه شامل 391 دانشجوی دانشگاه شاهد بود که به روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای مورد استفاده مقیاس حساسیت و گرایش به تجربه چندش، مقیاس تجدیدنظر شده چندش و مقیاس وسواس پادوآ بود. ساختار عاملی پرسشنامه با استفاده از روش تحلیل عامل اکتشافی و تأییدی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. همچنین، اعتبار همگرا و پایایی بازآزمایی و همسانی درونی مقیاس مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج: نتایج حاصل از تحلیل عامل اکتشافی، حاکی از چهار عامل گرایش به تجربه هیجان چندش، حساسیت به هیجان چندش، گرایش به اجتناب از محرک‌های چندش‌آور و حساسیت به نتایج هیجان چندش، در این مقیاس بود. تحلیل عامل تأییدی، الگوی چهار عاملی حاصله و الگوی دوعاملی فرم 12 سؤالی را تائید کرد. همچنین، اعتبار همگرا و پایایی این مقیاس نیز خوب بود. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج پژوهش حاضر مبین آن است که این مقیاس در نمونه دانشجویی ایرانی از ساختاری عاملی و پایایی و اعتبار مطلوبی برخوردار است. لذا می‌توان از این مقیاس در نمونه‌های ایرانی استفاده کرد.

Background and purpose: Many obese people have different psychological symptoms such as anxiety, depression, emotional regulation problems, etc., food addiction is also another psychological problem associated with obesity. In this research, for the first time, we investigated the effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) treatment on anxiety, depression, difficulty in emotional regulation, and food addiction in obese people. Materials and methods: In this clinical trial, 40 obese women were selected from urban health centers in Kashan, 2018. They were recruited using purposive convenience sampling. They were then randomly divided into an intervention group (MBSR, n=20) or a control group (educational session without any treatment, n=20). The MBSR was implemented according to the Kabat Ziin protocol during weekly sessions of 90-minute for eight weeks. The participants were evaluated at pre-test, post-test and three-month follow-up using the anxiety, stress, depression scale (DASS-21), difficulty in emotion regulation scale (DERS), and the Yale food addiction scale (YFAS). Data analysis was performed applying repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS16. Results: The intervention group was found with a significant reduction in the levels of anxiety (P<0.01), depression (P<0.000), difficulty in emotional regulation (P=0.02), and severity of food addiction (P=0.003) compared to the control group at post-test. At follow-up, we observed significant reduction in the levels of anxiety, depression, and food addiction (P=0.003), but emotion regulation did not show a significant reduction compared to the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion: Mindfulness-based stress reduction treatment could be considered as a part of comprehensive medical care for obese people [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

کمرویی و فوبی اجتماعی، دو اصطلاحی است که اغلب برای توصیف افراد کم حرف به کار می‌رود، که در موقعیت‌های اجتماعی دچار ترس از ارزیابی منفی می‌شوند. به رغم شباهت‌هایی که بین کمرویی و فوبی اجتماعی وجود دارد، اکثریت افراد کمرو ملاک‌های فوبی اجتماعی را ندارند و در نتیجه می‌توان گفت که کمرویی کاملاً معادل فوبی اجتماعی نیست. این تحقیق به هدف مقایسه کمرویی و فوبی اجتماعی انجام شده در این پژوهش. نمونه شامل 87 نفر بود. 31 فرد عادی، 30 فرد مبتلا به فوبی اجتماعی و 26 فرد کمرو، که بدون ملاک‌های فوبی اجتماعی بودند. افراد مبتلا به فوبی اجتماعی از بین مراجعه کنندگان به مرکز مشاوره دانشگاه شیراز انتخاب شدند و نمونه عادی و کمرو از میان 300 نفر انتخاب شدند، که به روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای از بین دانشجویان دانشگاه شیراز برگزیده شده بودند. پرسشنامه هراس اجتماعی، مقیاس کمرویی، حساسیت جسمانی و مهارت‌های ارتباطی پاسخ دادند. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که افراد کمرو و مبتلا به فوبی اجتماعی نسبت به افراد عادی مهارت‌های اجتماعی ضعیف‌تری دارند، ولی در زمینه حساسیت جسمانی تنها افراد مبتلا به فوبی اجتماعی بودند که نسبت به افراد عادی تفاوت داشتند. همچنین، دیده شد که افراد کمرو و مبتلا به فوبی اجتماعی در زمینه مهارت‌های اجتماعی با یکدیگر تفاوتی ندارند و آنچه آن‌ها را از هم متمایز می‌کند میزان حساسیت جسمانی است. درباره نتایج این تحقیق با کمک دیدگاه‌های مطرح در زمینه فوبی اجتماعی بحث شد.

Background and Aim Various research studies have investigated the relationship between anxiety and worry. The present study aimed to examine the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation and mindfulness in the relationship between anxiety and worry. Methods & Materials The present study follows a correlational design study. The research sample included 248 students of Kashan universities in Iran studying in the 2017-2018 academic year. The study data were collected using the generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7), Pennsylvania state worry questionnaire (PSWQ), the Persian short form of cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ-P-short form), and five-factor mindfulness questionnaire (FFMQ). Then, the obtained data were analyzed using the SPSS v. 22 and AMOS v. 22 software. Ethical Considerations The Ethics Committee of Kashan University of Medical Sciences approved the study (Code: IR.KAUMS.REC.1396.36). Results The results showed a significant relationship between generalized anxiety and worry, worry and cognitive emotion regulation, worry and mindfulness, generalized anxiety and cognitive emotion regulation, and anxiety and mindfulness. The results of the structural equation modeling confirmed the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between anxiety and worry. Also, the path coefficient of mindfulness and anxiety was removed from the model because it was not significant. Conclusion Generally, cognitive emotion regulation plays a mediating role in the relationship between anxiety and worry. These findings seem applicable in the individual, family, educational, therapeutic, and interpersonal mental health fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Migraine headache is a debilitating disease that has many complications and limitations for sufferers. Since this disease is considered one of the psychosomatic disorders, therefore, how the disease is experienced and perceived can affect the course of the disease. Aims: The present study was conducted to explore the lived emotional experiences of patients with migraine disorder. Methods: The approach of this research was qualitative and its phenomenological method was of a descriptive type, for this purpose, 20 people were selected from among the patients who were referred to the medical and psychiatric clinics of Isfahan city in 1400 after meeting the conditions of entering the research. and were subjected to in-depth interviews. The interviews continued until the saturation of information was recorded using a voice recorder and finally analyzed through the multi-phased procedure of Giorgi (2003). Results: The findings of the research indicate the achievement of 3 general themes (10 sub-themes) including; I don't know what I am facing and what to do with it. (Awareness, validation, and experience of emotions), What is going on inside me? (self-destructive, worrying, anticipatory, and restorative) and what guides the path of my being. (Cognitive, emotional, and physiological guides). Conclusion: The research findings showed that people suffering from migraine headaches have problems in experiencing and processing their emotions and they suffer from worry and self-blame, which directs their behavior towards their illness, so it is possible to focus on the obstacles to their emotional experience. The behavioral cycle them changed their attribution to their illness and in this way reduced the recurrence of their headaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: Avoidance and cognitive fusion are two components of psychological inflexibility and are the main concepts of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y8). Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 300 students in Kashan, Iran who were selected by cluster sampling. The Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y8) and the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) were administered to collect the data. The factor structure of the questionnaire was evaluated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Also, the convergent validity with RCMAS, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency of this questionnaire were examined. Results: Exploratory factor analysis indicated one factor called psychological inflexibility. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the one factor model of the questionnaire (RMSEA 90% CI =0.00-0.07). Also, the convergent validity with RCMAS was found to be good (r = 0.60, p<0.001) and the internal consistency and test-retest reliability (4 weeks interval) were 0.71 and 0.65, respectively. Conclusion: AFQ-Y8 is an appropriate tool with acceptable psychometric properties to measure the psychological inflexibility of adolescents in Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic and its subsequent quarantine have had various effects on the psychological and social aspects of society. Therefore, the aim of this study was to predict the level of anxiety, depression, and stress during the COVID-19 outbreak based on personality traits. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, 170 adults living in Kashan from March to April 2020 were selected by convenience sampling method and answered the online questionnaires. The research tools included Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and NEO Personality Trait Questionnaire (Big Five Inventory-10). Data were analyzed using the Pearson’s correlation test and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: The results showed that each of the psychological components had a positive relationship with the characteristic of neuroticism and a negative relationship with the characteristic of agreement (p<0.001), and also the characteristic of conscientiousness was negatively related to depression, and positively correlated with anxiety and stress (p<0.001). In addition, the results of regression analysis showed that the predictor variables (neuroticism, conscientiousness, and agreement) predict 30.4%, 20.3%, and 45.1% of changes in depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. Also, according to the values of Beta index, it can be said that neuroticism has a stronger role in predicting all three variables of depression, anxiety, and stress. Conclusion: According to the study findings, it can be concluded that the number of psychological problems of people during the outbreak of COVID-19 can be predicted by the characteristics of neuroticism, conscientiousness, and agreement. Given the stronger role of neuroticism, it seems necessary to provide more psychotherapeutic services in organizations for people with this characteristic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]