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Today, entrepreneurship in the public sector has gained a special meaning and importance, and in addition to private companies, government organizations also emphasize the necessity of organizational entrepreneurship. This research answers two questions with the aim of extracting organizational Entrepreneurship strategies in a Provincial Gas Company in the west of Iran and prioritizing them: First, what are the strategies of organizational entrepreneurship in the researched provincial gas company? And second, what is the weight and importance of the identified strategies compared to each other? In this research, benchmarking, library studies, and interviews were used to identify strategies. The obtained data were analyzed using the Theme analysis method, and as a result of this analysis, organizational entrepreneurship strategies were extracted. The identified Strategies were formulated in the form of 28 propositions and classified into six headings. These topics include Gas supply services and customer affairs, Office and support, Technical Services, Devices and equipment, Assets and real estate, And other initiatives. Then, the online Delphi method was used to determine the weight and importance of each of the propositions (ranking of the propositions). Finally, after prioritizing the propositions, the best organizational Entrepreneurship strategies along with suggestions were presented to the Provincial Gas Company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Designing a new brand alone is not enough and what measures can be taken to strengthen it is also of great importance. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to design a model for empowering Iranian brands with an emphasis on open innovation approach in the home appliances industry. The present study can be objectively categorized as an applied one and is conducted through a mixed methodology (qualitative-quantitative). Interviews and questionnaires were used as data collection tools in qualitative and quantitative sections, respectively, and their validity and reliability were evaluated as desirable. Having reviewed the related literature and research background, semi-structured interview protocols were prepared to gather data. The participants were selected among scientific and executive professionals involved in the home appliances industry using the snowball sampling method. Also, the statistical sample of the research in the quantitative part consisted of 386 customers of home appliances in Tehran. To analyze the data in the qualitative section, grounded theory was applied benefitting from MAXQDA software, while in the quantitative part, factor analysis (FA) was used. The findings of the research revealed that the factors focusing on the supply and demand chain strengthen the brand of Iranian home appliances. This study also introduces mental, communicative, and adaptive strategies which, themselves, are affected by intervening (human and organizational factors) and contextual (macro and micro factors) conditions. Moreover, implementing these strategies may have some consequences related to customers, societies, and organizations. Data analysis of quantitative section findings after applying grounded theory led to making a final model based on the factor analysis methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Today, productivity is one of the most important drivers of economic growth. At the organizational level, a high level of productivity has indicated optimal performance to gain a competitive advantage. Despite the significant role of the productivity of service organizations in economic growth, few studies have been conducted in this context. Therefore, this study aims to develop a model for a comprehensive analysis of productivity in the service industry. Design/methodology/approach: In this research, the Multi-Grounded Theory (MGT) approach has been used. First, the Meta-synthesis approach (theoretical grounding) has been used to accurate an indepth review of a wide range of separated quantitative and qualitative research results; then, in empirical grounding, 13 experts were interviewed (the integrated methods of purposive sampling and snowball was selected). To identify the factors affecting the evaluation of service productivity data has been collected from the industry experts. The findings were then combined to achieve a comprehensive view of the various dimensions of service productivity assessment. Findings: The results of this study have led to the development of a model for analyzing and evaluating service productivity. In the developed model with a comprehensive view of internal and external causal factors, the quantitative and qualitative indicators were determined for service productivity evaluation from the perspective of both service provider and customer. Also, internal and external organizational measures and strategies, intervening conditions, and internal and external organizational contexts affecting internal and external organizational strategies and consequences resulting from the correct evaluation of productivity in the service industry have been analyzed. Research limitations/implications: One of the limitations of most qualitative studies is the generalizability of the findings. Since the findings of this study included the result of the analysis of the views and experiences of selected experts and previous theories, the generalizability of the findings should be performed with caution. To prevent the limitations related to the analysis and the analyst, and to ensure more certainty in the findings, experts participated in the study in two stages, and a valid questionnaire was developed. The results were evaluated from the perspective of "comprehensibility", "comprehensiveness", "applicability" and "innovation". The results of the surveys also indicated the validity of the final model. Due to the time of the research in the period of the outbreak of COVID-19 disease, the researchers faced many limitations for interviewing experts, and therefore most of the interviews were conducted by calling the respondents via telephone. Practical implications: This study helps to use an integrated approach in evaluating organization productivity, despite the quantitative and qualitative indicators in both the customer and service provider dimensions. It leads to increased productivity with full knowledge of this indicator. Also, considering that the proposed model can show a picture of the company's productivity status, the results of the implementation of the introduced model are helpful in carrying out strategic planning and adopting improvement approaches to increase the organization's productivity. Social implications: Due to the significant growth of services in GDP and considering the influencing contribution of productivity in the economy and improving living standards, this study recommends a comprehensive view of service productivity. The proposed model is recommended for implementation in the service organizations depending on their type (i.e., mass, educational, professional) to adapt the indicators and productivity evaluation criteria. Originality/value: In this study, to develop a model for productivity analysis in the service industry, an attempt was made to identify the quantitative and qualitative indicators affecting productivity evaluation, comprehensively. Also, in this study, productivity evaluation was performed from both service provider and customer perspectives, because the customer is a part of the service process. Given the important role of productivity in the growth of organizations in any operating industry, and the small number of studies conducted in this field in Iran, the main contribution of this research is to create a deeper understanding of the field of service productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of the present study is to investigate the impact of HRM policies on marketing strategies and organization performance for marketing managers of SMEs. This study is applied in terms of research purpose and is a survey in terms of method. The statistical population of the study consists of service and manufacturing SMEs active in Shiraz industrial estates (368 companies). By the available sampling method, 188 companies were selected as the research sample. In order to assess the variables of the study, a questionnaire was used. In addition to the construct and content validities of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was found to be 85.2 percent. The collected data were analyzed using statistical software packages SPSS 25 and LISREL 8.80. The research results indicated that HRM policies had a positive and significant effect on marketing strategies and organizational performance. Also, marketing strategies had a positive and significant effect on organizational performance. Furthermore, marketing strategies had a positive and significant mediating role in the relationship between HRM policies and organizational performance. The main contribution of this research is to facilitate a better understanding of how HRM policies affect the performance of the organization by considering the role of marketing strategy in the context of SMEs. The findings of this study not only expand the theoretical knowledge in this field but can also be effective for managers of SMEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]