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Background & Aims Caring for a patient undergoing hemodialysis is a stressful experience that causes a heavy care burden. With the outbreak of COVID-19, family caregivers of these patients had increased worry about the risk of infection in the dialysis centers. This fear can make their care burden heavier. This study aims to investigate the impact of coping skills training on the care burden experienced by family caregivers of patients undergoing hemodialysis. Materials & Methods This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2020 on 60 family caregivers of patients undergoing hemodialysis at the Comprehensive Treatment Center for Special Diseases in Birjand, Iran. Participants were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group received coping skills training in six sessions. All participants completed the Zarit burden interview before, immediately after, and one month after the intervention. The data were analyzed in SPSSsoftware, version 19. Results The two groups were homogeneous regarding demographic information (P>0.05). Both groups had a moderate to severe care burden before the intervention. A significant difference was reported in the care burden score of the intervention group after training (P<0.001). Conclusion Coping skills training can reduce the care burden of the family caregivers of patients undergoing hemodialysis. Therefore, coping skills training can be used by nursing managers to reduce the care burden of family caregivers of patients with hemodialysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim Fibromyalgia syndrome is a chronic disease that causes widespread musculoskeletal pain. It primarily affects women and negatively impacts many aspects of a person’s psychological and social life. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness and compassion therapy on automatic negative thoughts, psychological symptoms, pain intensity, and quality of life in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome. Methods & Materials This research is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with two experimental and one control group. The statistical study population consisted of all individuals with fibromyalgia syndrome referred to Mehregan Pain Clinic in Mirdamad (District 3), Seyed Khandan Clinic (District 4), and Taleghani Hospital Pain Clinic (District 1) in Tehran City, Iran. Of them, 30 patients were randomly selected and divided into three groups of experimental 1, experimental 2, and control; each group will include 10 people. The instruments used in this study included the World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL BREF), pain intensity questionnaire (PIS), psychological symptoms questionnaire (Anxiety, Stress and Depression [DASS]), and automatic negative thoughts (QNS). Ethical Considerations This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University (Code: IR.IAU.ARAK.REC.1400.005). Results The analysis of covariance showed the effectiveness of both cognitive therapies based on mindfulness and compassion therapy on four variables of pain intensity, psychological symptoms, automatic negative thoughts, and quality of life (P<0.05). Comparing the two intervention methods showed that both therapies had almost the same effect on pain intensity, psychological symptoms, and automatic negative thoughts (P<0.05) but the effectiveness of mindfulness intervention on the quality of life was significantly higher than compassion intervention (P<0.05). Conclusion The results indicate that cognitive therapy based on mindfulness and compassion therapy are suitable for people with fibromyalgia under appropriate treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Diabetes is the most common chronic metabolic disease, which plays an important role in reducing health and quality of life. Accordingly, diabetic patients suffer from high anxiety levels and low self-care behaviors. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness and psychological well-being education on anxiety and self-care behaviors in patients with type II diabetes. Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted using pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population included all patients with type II diabetes who were the members of Tehran Diabetes Association living in districts 1-3 in Tehran, Iran. After reviewing the inclusion criteria, 75 people were selected using the purposive sampling method and randomly assigned into three groups of 25 people per group. The experimental groups (n=2) participated separately in 10 mindfulness and psychological well-being training sessions for 90 minutes (two sessions per week). On the other hand, the control group was placed on the waiting list for education. The data were collected using an anxiety inventory and revised diabetes self-care behaviors scale. Subsequently, they were analyzed in SPSS software (version 19) through the chi-square test, multivariate analysis of covariance, and Bonferroni post hoc test. Results: The results showed that mindfulness and psychological well-being intervention significantly decreased anxiety and significantly increased self-care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes, compared to the control group (P<0.001). However, no significant difference was observed between mindfulness and psychological well-being education regarding a decrease in anxiety and an increase in self-care behaviors (P>0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, mindfulness and psychological well-being education methods can be utilized to improve the health-related characteristics of the patients with type II diabetes, decrease anxiety, and increase self-care behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are known as a health-threatening factors and the most important cause of mortality worldwide and also in Iran. Thus, it seems necessary to intervene in order to increase public awareness of the risk factors and to enhance their motivation for reducing those factors via the theory-based education Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of educational intervention based on health belief model on nutritional behavior of patients with myocardial infarction admitted to the hospitals in Guilan province during 1395-96( 2017-2018). Materials and Methods: This study is a randomized controlled experimental trial. Eighty-six patients with myocardial infarction were randomly assigned into two case (43) and control (43) groups. Data from both groups (demographic and health belief model and nutritional behavior) were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire before and a month after educational intervention. After fulfilling the requirements based on HBM, educational intervention took place in case group. Control group did not receive any kind of intervention, they just received the routine notes from hospital. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 using suitable statistical tests (chi-square test, Spearman coefficient and independent t-test). Results: In terms of demographic characteristics, no significant differences were seen between the groups. Before intervention, no significant differences were seen between mean scores of HBM constructs, awareness and nutritional behaviors in the groups, while after intervention there was a significant difference between them (p<0.001). Results also showed a significant difference in case group before and after receiving educational intervention (p<0.001). But there was no significant change in the control group before and after educational intervention (p<0.001). Conclusion: The present study showed that intervention based on HBM, emphasizing awareness and nutritional behavior of patients with myocardial infarction, could have a positive effect on the nutritional behavior of the patients and consequently their health status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]