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Background. Workplace violence in the healthcare system has become an important policymaking issue in recent years and is considered one of the most complex issues for the governmental system. Due to the lack of a similar study in Golestan province, this study was conducted to determine the level of exposure to workplace violence against nurses and the factors related to it. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in hospitals affiliated with Golestan University of Medical Sciences in 2021 Where 293 nurses were included after random stratified sampling. The data collection tool was demographic and occupational variables as well as the workplace violence questionnaire and data analysis was done by descriptive statistics methods and Mann-Whitney, Spearman, Kruskal-Wallis, and Chi-square tests in SPSS-23 software at a significance level of 0.05. Results. The average age of the nurses participating in the study was 33.93 ± 7.16 years and their average work experience was 9.82 ± 6.32 years. Among the subjects, 82.6% were women and the rest were men. The prevalence of workplace violence was 86% in one year. Mental and physical violence with a frequency of 79.5% and 42.7%, respectively, had the highest occurrences. Also, 57. 7% did not report any act of violence. In front of these acts of violence, the most reactions were inviting the attacker to calm down (42.3%), discussing the issue with colleagues (23.5%), and not taking any specific action (19.5%). There was a significant relationship between physical violence and gender (P-value=0.024) and department of hospital (P-value=0.003). Sexual violence was also significantly related to department of hospital (P-value=0.046). Also, there was a significant relationship between racial violence and gender (P-value=0.001), department of hospital (P-value=0.028), and work shift (P-value=0.005). Conclusion. According to the results, the prevalence of workplace violence was generally high in one year, but most of the nurses did not report any act of violence. Therefore, medical policymakers and hospital managers should consider improving nurses' communication skills, and security measures, training staff on anger management, and reducing nurses' workload. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Till now multiple devices have been introduced in order to predict the "patients"' disability, function, muscle force and mortality in the acute phase of stroke. Objective: Determination the relationship between electroencephalography (EEG) findings and change of disability, functional status, functional independency, muscle force and mortality of the patients with ischemic stroke. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was performed on 47 patients in the range of 50-90 years old involved by ischemic stroke in the territory of middle cerebral artery, referred to Poursina Hospital in Guilan-Rasht in the north of Iran. At first, for all the patients a brain CT and after 48 hours a brain MRI or CT scan were done routinely to confirm the diagnosis. EEG accomplished during 48-72 hours after stroke, and the "patients" were grouped in 3, according to EEG abnormality: normal EEG, moderate and severe abnormal EEG. The patients disability, functional independency, functional status, and muscle force, respectively were assessed by Modified Rankin Disability, FIM, Bethel index and Medical Research Council scale(MRC) and their mortality in the first 48 hours, one week and three weeks afterstroke. The data were processed by software SPSS 20 using Chi square, independent T, Post Hoc Tukey, Kruskal-Wallis, Anova, Repeated Measure Anova and Sphericity. Results: A total of 47 patients (48.6% men, 53.2% women) with mean age of 73.09±9.01 years old participated in this study. Left middle cerebral artery involvement was evident in 46.8% of the patients and the others had right side involvement. First and second groups included 15 patients and third group17 patients and there wasn't any statistically significant difference between groups in age and sex. (P>0.05) No significant difference was found, either between groups in means and change of means of Rankin score, FIM, Barthel Index and MRC during the study period. (P>0.05) Conclusion: EEG findings can't determine prognostic value for functional outcome and mortality of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Cerebrovascular disease is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Data on epidemiology of stroke, its pattern and risk factors, are scarce. Seasonal variation in the incidence of stroke and role of meteorological factors in its occurrence, have been investigated in several studies. These studies show that there were different patterns in stroke incidence across different areas. Objective: To investigate the seasonal pattern of stroke incidence and the association between daily stroke occurrences and meteorological factors among the patients admitted to the Poursina Hospital, northern Iran, in (2012). Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Poursina Hospital in Rasht. All the patients with acute onset of neurological symptoms during (2012), after performing imaging studies and confirmation of the diagnosis of stroke, were enrolled. Age, sex, history of diabetes and hypertension, and date of stroke occurrence were recorded for all patients. The number of stroke episodes, temperature and humidity were recorded on all days of the year. Distribution of stroke cases among seasons according to study variables, was analyzed using chi-square test. To compare the average number of strokes per day among different seasons, kruskal-wallis test was used. The relationship between the number of strokes per day and meteorological variables was analyzed using Spearman's correlation coefficient. Results: During the study period, 869 patients with diagnosis of stroke were admitted. Significant seasonal differences in the mean of ischemic stroke occurrence per day and mean of intracerebral hemorrhage occurrence per day, with peak rates in autumn, were observed. In the study of meteorological variables based on multiple linear regression with stepwise method, minimum temperature was inverse linear predictor of both overall stroke occurrence per day and ischemic stroke occurrence per day. For intracerebral hemorrhage occurrence per day, maximum temperature was inverse linear predictor and maximum humidity was direct linear predictor. Conclusion: This study suggests a seasonal pattern in the incidence of stroke and a possible role of meteorological factors in the incidence of stroke in this area. Attention to this seasonal pattern can be useful for medical centers to provide better services to their patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]