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This article focuses on the relationship between digital participation and the digital participation divide. The first concept refers to the use of the Internet to produce cultural goods that are subsequently shared on a global scale; the latter, refers to the inequalities generated by the uneven distribution of these creative uses of the Internet in a given population. Empirically, our work focuses on the role of digital skills and sociopolitical attitudes toward the Internet in explaining the digital participation divide, as they are considered precursors of digital participation. Results suggest that the same mechanisms that previously sustained digital divide are now fostering digital participation divide; however, we argue that the negative social consequences of this divide exceed those of its predecessor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nitrogen (N2) is an essential nutrient for plant growth; however, roots can only assimilate the reduced form of this element. Specific bacterial communities, known as nitrogen-fixing bacteria, can synthesize a nitrogenase enzyme complex, which converts N2 into plant-assimilable molecules, such as nitrates (NO3) and ammonium (NH4+); nifH gene encodes a highly conserved subunit of the bacterial nitrogenase complex. In the present work, bioinformatic analyses of primers targeting bacterial nifH genes were performed. Nitrogenase complex subunit encoded by the nifH gene was identified in Uniprot database, this protein sequence was aligned against nucleotide sequences using the BLAST (tblastn) tool. A total of 4,693 nucleotide sequences were obtained and aligned using MEGA11. Aligned sequences were subjected to an in-silico PCR assay using primer pairs identified in previous studies. These analyses allowed us to identify that primer pair (nifH2/nifH1) had the highest coverage percentage (80%). Results of this study will allow us to detect and quantify the presence of bacterial nifH genes in soil and root samples using PCR assays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]