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The aim of the study was to determine the effect of magnetically treated water (ATM) with a stationary magnetic field on the yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) inoculated with three strains of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) infested with the nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood. The investigation began in a soft brown soil without carbonate, in the "Campo Antena" Protected Cultivation Unit, belonging to "América Libre" Socialist State Enterprise; between November 2018 and February 2019. The inoculation of the microorganisms was carried out at the time of the transplant, in a proportion of 10% with respect to the volume of the root ball. The experimental design was completely randomized blocks, with 8 treatments and four replicas, with a control without AMF inoculation, a treatment without AMF inoculation and irrigation with magnetically treated water, 3 treatments with inoculation with Glomus cubense, Rhizophagus irregularis, Fummeliformis mosseae, and 3 treatments with the inoculation of these 3 AMF species combined with irrigation with magnetically treated water with an induction of 0.07 T. The data obtained were processed in the statistical package R Commander by means of a simple analysis of variance, applying Duncan's Test of mean multiple comparison for p= 5. The results obtained showed the efficiency of the treatments applied in tomato yield, highlighting the treatment with G. cubense and ATM, which yielded 112.9 t·ha-1 and provided greater protection to the plant against the nematode attack by reducing the galling index to 1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biostimulant use in the world is increasing more and more, in this sense, this work was carried out at the Tecomatlan Institute, Puebla, Mexico, to evaluate the influence of the Quitomax® use and the inoculation with two strains of mycorrhizae on the growth and development of tomato plants. Seedlings were produced in a shade house, in trays of 200 cells, filled with a commercial substrate, under same treatments that would later be applied in field conditions, which consisted of a control where seeds were imbibed in water for three hours. The same time was used when mycorrhiza was used, while the two strains of mycorrhizae (Incam4 and Incam11) were applied by coating the seeds, so that six treatments were formed, since both biostimulants were also used in combination. A randomized block design with four replications was used for the distribution of treatments under field conditions. At transplanting, each inoculum was applied to the root system and Quitomax® was applied sprayed to the foliage at seven and 28 days, in the treatments that required it. In the postures, height growth was evaluated every seven days and stem diameter at the transplanting time. Under field conditions, growth and yield variables were evaluated. In the posturing phase, the treatments did not modify stem diameter with respect to the control, and had a greater effect on plant height. Under field conditions, the effect was more marked on yield than on the growth variables evaluated, highlighting the combined action of Quitomax® with the Incam4 strain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The inclusion of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on fertilization systems for grasses and forage crops may be considered as an effective alternative to improve their productivity and nutritional value and, at the same time, to reduce the use of fertilizers. Starting from this condition, a research program was carried out for implementing an integral technology for the effective management of inoculation with AMF on these crops. This program included the selection of efficient strains of AMF, definition of mineral fertilizer dosages for establishment, maintenance and recovery of inoculated grasses, and determination of doses and frequency of inoculation for maintaining an effective mycorrhizal functioning of these crops. There was a high compatibility between the strain efficiency and type of soil on the response of grasses to inoculation with AMF. Type of soil, as well as grass species and its management, influenced on the permanence of the introduced strain, but, in all cases, inoculated grasses required lower doses of fertilizers than those with no inoculation, in order to reach adequate biomass yield and nutritional values. Inoculation with doses lower than 4x105 spores ha-1 of the efficient strain of AMF, every one or two years, depending on the duration of the effect of initial inoculation, guaranteed the permanence of an effective mycorrhizal functioning on established grasses. The introduction, at production scale, of fertilization systems, based on the inoculation of an effective strain of AMF and the application of complementary levels of mineral or organic fertilizers, contributed to save up to 50% of fertilizer doses recommended for these crops, without reducing yield or nutritional value of biomass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]