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The present study aims to characterize the national and international scientific production on the association of diet with gynecological cancer and to discuss the risk and protection factors of the diet for the development of this disease. This is an integrative review carried out on the electronic databases VHL (Virtual Health Library), SCIELO (Scientific Eletronic Library Online) and MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online), between 2001 and 2017, in portuguese, english and spanish, using the descriptors "genital neoplasms female", "nutritional sciences" and "eating", and their correspondents in portuguese and spanish, combined using the boolean operator "AND". 19 articles were selected, showing that the diet can have a protective effect against gynecological cancer when there is concomitant consumption of fresh vegetables, fruits, vegetables, phytoestrogens, carotenoids, resveratrol, dietary fibers, lignans, flavones, flavonols. In contrast, excess galactose, saturated fat, red meat, carbohydrates, smoked foods, preservatives, alcohol, for example, were considered as risk factors. The research highlights the realization of new studies on the theme, to support the formulation of public policies with an emphasis on quality actions with regard to food and nutrition with a view to preventing cancer and promoting health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surgical treatment plays a key role in the therapeutic management of patients diagnosed with malignancy. In 2017, standards for the diagnosis and surgical treatment of gynecologic cancers were developed and published by the Polish Gynecological Oncology Society. Preoperative consultation with other specialists is needed in patients with comorbidities. A multidisciplinary surgical approach is necessary in many cases. In 2017, Denis Querleu presented criteria limiting the implementation of optimal surgery in the "International Journal of Gynecological Cancer." In the case of disseminated cancer, where there is no possibility to perform radical procedure, ultra-radical (extensive) surgeries should be avoided as they are associated with high complication rates. Neoadjuvant systemic therapy seems more beneficial. The paper attempts to answer the question on when to take the risk of surgery. Based on all necessary additional investigations, a surgeon is able to assess whether there are conditions for optimal cytoreduction. Once consent is obtained from a patient motivated to undergo aggressive treatment, proper preoperative management is necessary - parenteral nutrition to obtain adequate levels of serum proteins, preparation of the gastrointestinal tract, frequent ureteral splinting for better ureteral identification as well as patient consent for colostomy and blood product transfusion. The paper includes general guidelines for the qualification for surgical treatment of gynecologic cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents selected views on pain as an experience and as a phenomenon as well as an analysis of factors reducing the efficacy of pain management in women with gynecologic cancer. Pain is an inseparable, natural and necessary element of life, which is primarily involved in responding to threat, but also accompanies effort, overcoming of which brings a number of psychosocial benefits. The subjective experience of pain depends on several factors, such as stimulant intensity, individual susceptibility and resistance to pain, or individual mental predispositions. In addition to appropriate pharmacotherapy, the efficacy of pain management in patients with gynecologic malignancies is further affected by mental disorders (cognitive, anxiety and depressive disorders), fixed, subjective ideas about the disease and its treatment (coined as nocebo by Walter Kennedy), multiple comorbidities, memory of pain, contact with the doctor, respecting patient's rights by medical staff, age, and the quality of support received by the patient. The paper takes a critical look at replacing proven analgesic treatment strategies based on scientific and clinical evidence with unconventional methods, such as yoga, reiki or bioenergy therapy, which have not been verified or documented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]