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The access of rural societies to welfare opportunities and resources is at the core of policy and research agendas. The persistent ruralurban gap increases the risks of exclusion and is a challenge that rural dwellers tackle by bolstering their mobility to access labour markets, resources and services. The car has become a vector in the connections and transformations that sustain rural life; however, this mobility is also a source of new fractures in social and territorial cohesion. This paper explores how the rural mobility system has been shaped and analyses its impact on these societies. The results suggest integrating the issue of mobility into rural policies from a more complex sociological perspective, addressing demographic challenges, regional development and territorial cohesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Croatian Journal of Education / Hrvatski Časopis za Odgoj i Obrazovanje is the property of Uciteljski Fakultet u Zagrebu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos.info is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Educación y Educadores is the property of Universidad de la Sabana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pedagogía Social is the property of Pedagogia Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective Patient-centered care is the cornerstone of the healthcare system’s priorities. Attaining this goal necessitates a comprehensive understanding of patients’ encounters within the healthcare system to identify areas for quality improvement. To achieve this, healthcare providers and regulators require dependable, cost-effective, and user-friendly tools to assess and report the quality of patients’ healthcare experiences as part of ongoing service quality audits. The Waterloo Wilfrid Laurier University rehabilitation patient experience instrument (WatLX) is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring patients’ experiences in outpatient rehabilitation services. Accordingly, this study explores the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the WatLX in Persian-speaking people receiving outpatient rehabilitation services. Materials & Methods In this descriptive methodological study, we enrolled 115 adults aged 18 and above, possessing a suitable cognitive level, who had undergone at least one program of musculoskeletal, neurological, stroke, speech, and language rehabilitation services on an outpatient basis. The research targeted 10 centers and clinics specializing in physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy, strategically selected across five geographical areas of Tehran (North, South, East, West, and Center) in the year 2023, utilizing an available sampling method. The participants were asked to complete the following three questionnaires: WatLX, abbreviated mental test, and the Medrisk instrument for measuring patient satisfaction with physical therapy care. Additionally, participants’ background information was collected. The Persian-translated questionnaire was examined for face and content validity using the Lavashe method. The convergent validity was established through comparison with the Medrisk questionnaire. The Cronbach α value was computed to evaluate the internal consistency, while the test re-test reliability involved 39 subjects completing the questionnaire again 15 days after the initial test, with calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS software, version 23. Results The questionnaire underwent rigorous scrutiny for content validity by experts in physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, rehabilitation management, and statistics. The results revealed strong internal consistency (Cronbach α=0.802), high test re-test reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient=0.974), and satisfactory convergent validity, demonstrated by the significant Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.503 with the Medrisk questionnaire. Conclusion The Persian version of the WatLX tool exhibits commendable psychometric properties, making it a reliable instrument for assessing the experiences of Persian-speaking Iranian patients in outpatient rehabilitation services. Its robustness suggests its applicability in both clinical settings and future research studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pedagogía Social is the property of Pedagogia Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ICT in Muzical Field / Tehnologii Informatice si de Comunicatie in Domeniul Muzical is the property of Tehnologii Informatice si de Comunicatie in Domeniul Muzical / ICT in Musical Field and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal for Neurology & Psychiatry of Child & Adolescent in Romania is the property of Romanian Society of Child & Adolescent Neurology & Psychiatry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Música is the property of Revista Brasileira de Musica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ICT in Muzical Field / Tehnologii Informatice si de Comunicatie in Domeniul Muzical is the property of Tehnologii Informatice si de Comunicatie in Domeniul Muzical / ICT in Musical Field and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective Proper physical activities play an important role in reducing disease and mortality in old age, and is one of the main causes of active aging; however, the fear of falling is a barrier to having proper physical activity. Due to the difference between the elderly living in urban and rural areas regarding the risk factors of fear of falling and the amount and type of physical activity, this study aims to investigate and compare the fear of falling, physical activity, and activities of daily living (ADL) in the elderly living in urban and rural areas of Konarak County, Iran. Materials & Methods In this analytical cross-sectional study, 350 elderly people aged ≥60 years, who were under the coverage of comprehensive rural and urban health service centers in Konarak, Sistan and Baluchestan province (224 from rural areas and 126 from urban areas) were selected using a random sampling method and based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In addition to recording their demographic information, their fear of falling, physical activity, and ADL were measured by the Persian version of falls efficacy scale-international (FES-I), Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA), ADL scale, and Instrumental ADL scale (IADL), respectively. Results The mean overall age of the elderly was 68.48±7.84 years (69.53±8.29 years in the rural group and 66.62±6.61 years in the urban group), and there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of age (P<0.001). Pearson correlation test results showed that the FES-I score had a statistically significant negative relationship with the scores of ADL, IADL, and RAPA1 in total and in each group (P<0.001), but there was no statistically significant relationship between the FES-I score and the RAPA2 neither in total (P=0.40) and nor in rural (P=0.38) and urban (P=0.81) groups. Conclusion The fear of falling is significantly higher in the elderly living in rural areas of Konarak county compared to those living in urban areas. The RAPA1 and basic ADL of the elderly living in urban areas are higher compared to those living in rural areas, but there is no significant difference between them in RAPA2 and IADL. In addition, fear of falling has a significant relationship with physical activity of the elderly in overall and in rural and urban groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Space & Form / Przestrzeń i FORMA is the property of West Pomeranian University of Technology, Department of Architecture & Urban Planning and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sport & Society / Sport si Societate is the property of Altius Academy Foundation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bankarstvo Magazine is the property of Association of Serbian Banks and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bankarstvo Magazine is the property of Association of Serbian Banks and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem e Atenção à Saúde (REAS) is the property of Revista de Enfermagem e Atencao a Saude - Reas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article gives a brief description of the semiannual scientific journal, Educación y Humanismo, which is a scientific consultation source for the academic community of Colombian Caribbean region, and publishes original review papers, monographs and research results.

Objective Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disorder that involves the central nervous system. Cognitive impairments in patients with MS have a direct and significant impact on their performance in the activities of daily living, and hence their social participation is disrupted. Thus, exploring cognitive domains can help us make clinical decisions and interventions. To cognitively rehabilitate these people and estimate the relationship between cognitive performance (computer test and performance test) and the level of participation, we should examine the correlation between these two domains. This study aims to determine the correlation between social participation and two types of cognitive assessments: computerized and functional. Materials & Methods The present study was a cross-sectional study, and sampling was done by available sampling. The target population was patients with MS admitted to the MS center of Isfahan City, Iran, provided that they met the inclusion criteria in the winter of 2021. Forty-five patients with MS (9 males and 36 females) with an expanded disability status scale between 1 and 5 were selected by available sampling. To assess their cognitive performance, Cambridge neuropsychological test automated battery (CANTAB) and the Lowenstein occupational therapy cognitive assessment (LOCTA) functional test were used. Also, the community integration questionnaire (CIQ) was used to determine the level of participation. The data were then processed with SPSS. Results Based on the study results on the intensity and relationship between the measures, there is integration in targeted activities with all measures of LOTCA and CANTAB. This measure had a significant relationship with orientation, visual perception, and motor praxis from the LOTCA test and Delayed matching to sample test (DMS) from the CANTAB test. Notable results include a high correlation between home integration of the CIQ and the stocking of Cambridge test from CANTAB (r=0.353), and social integration of the CIQ with the DMS from CANTAB (r=0.538), integration in purposeful and productive activities of the CIQ with the motor proxy from LOTCA (r=0.422). Conclusion According to the results, both tests have a high correlation with the CIQ. So, computer test, which has a good correlation with participation, can be used alongside the performance test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Cerebral palsy refers to a group of postural and movement disorders that limit movements and can be related to a non-progressive disorder in the developing brain. The international classification of disability emphasizes the child's functional abilities and routine performance. Some classification tools have been developed to describe and evaluate child's functions in daily activities such as walking, manipulating objects, and everyday communication. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between classification systems (gross motor function, manual ability, communication function, and eating and drinking ability) in children with cerebral palsy. Materials & Methods This study was performed by cross-sectional correlation method and of descriptive analytical type. Children with cerebral palsy aged 12-144 months were recruited by convenience sampling from patients referred to clinics and public and private rehabilitation centers in Tehran and Arak cities, Iran, in 2019-2020. After completing the demographic information questionnaire by the child's primary caregiver, the gross motor function classification system (GMFCS), manual ability classification system (MACS), Communication function classification system (CFCS), and eating and drinking ability classification system (EDACS) were completed by a child therapist. Results In the present study, 154 children with a Mean±SD age of 49.45±32.22 months participated. also, 87 children (56.5%) were boys, and 67(43.5%) were girls. According to GMFCS, the highest percentage distributions at levels II and IV were 31.2% and 26%, respectively. In other words, more than 57% of children were distributed in these two levels. According to MACS, the distributions of the highest percentages at levels II, III, and IV were 28.6%, 22.1%, and 20.8%, respectively. In other words, more than 70% of the children were distributed in these three levels. According to EDACS, the distribution of almost all levels was equal except the V level, with 4.3% having the lowest percentage. According to CFCS, the distribution of the highest percentage at levels V and IV was 23.5%. In examining the relationship between functional systems, significant relationships were observed in all cases: MACS and GMFCS, r=0.672; CFCS and GMFCS, r=0.581; EADCS and GMFCS, r=0.593; CFCS and MACS, r=0.555; EADCS and MACS, r=664; EADCS and CFCS, r=0. 547 (P<0.01). Conclusion It seems that children with more motor function limitations show more limitations in other performance classification systems, too. Of course, the number of studies in this field is limited and needs further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem e Atenção à Saúde (REAS) is the property of Revista de Enfermagem e Atencao a Saude - Reas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem e Atenção à Saúde (REAS) is the property of Revista de Enfermagem e Atencao a Saude - Reas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background and Aim Various research studies have investigated the relationship between anxiety and worry. The present study aimed to examine the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation and mindfulness in the relationship between anxiety and worry. Methods & Materials The present study follows a correlational design study. The research sample included 248 students of Kashan universities in Iran studying in the 2017-2018 academic year. The study data were collected using the generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7), Pennsylvania state worry questionnaire (PSWQ), the Persian short form of cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ-P-short form), and five-factor mindfulness questionnaire (FFMQ). Then, the obtained data were analyzed using the SPSS v. 22 and AMOS v. 22 software. Ethical Considerations The Ethics Committee of Kashan University of Medical Sciences approved the study (Code: IR.KAUMS.REC.1396.36). Results The results showed a significant relationship between generalized anxiety and worry, worry and cognitive emotion regulation, worry and mindfulness, generalized anxiety and cognitive emotion regulation, and anxiety and mindfulness. The results of the structural equation modeling confirmed the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between anxiety and worry. Also, the path coefficient of mindfulness and anxiety was removed from the model because it was not significant. Conclusion Generally, cognitive emotion regulation plays a mediating role in the relationship between anxiety and worry. These findings seem applicable in the individual, family, educational, therapeutic, and interpersonal mental health fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim Menopause is a period in a woman’s life that can be physically damaging. However, its effect on bone mineral density is still debatable. This study investigated the relationship between serum calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase indices with lumbar bone mineral density in active and inactive postmenopausal women. Methods & Materials The number of subjects was 55 active postmenopausal women and 60 inactive postmenopausal women aged 45 to 85 years. Serum indices of calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase and anthropometric of the subjects were measured. The Pearson correlation coefficient test was used to analyze the research data. SPSS software v. 26 was used to analyze the data. Ethical Considerations This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Allameh Tabataba’i University with code IR.ATU.REC.1399.038. Results The results showed a significant correlation between serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (P=0.021), calcium (P=0.019), and phosphorus (P=0.011) with lumbar bone mineral density in active postmenopausal women and also between body mass index with lumbar bone mineral density in both groups of active (P=0.014) and inactive (P=0.038) postmenopausal women. No significant relationship was found between other indicators. Conclusion According to the results of the present study, being active may have had beneficial effects on bone metabolism and has led to a better state of bone mineral density. It may also help to use these blood and anthropometric variables in identifying people at risk for osteoporosis in adulthood and old age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Stuttering is not just a speech disorder. It can cause negative feelings and emotions in a person especially in children. Therefore, we need a standard tool to identify, study and measure these negative effects and then try to eliminate or reduce them. Considering the increased clinical and research needs for a valid and reliable tool to assess the negative effect of stuttering in Iran, this study aims to design and validate a questionnaire (parents form) for assessment of social/emotional/behavioral disorders in preschool children with stuttering. Materials & Methods This is a methodological study that was conducted in three steps in spring and summer of 2018 in Isfahan, Iran. Participants included 60 parents of preschool children with stuttering aged 3 to 5 years and 11 months (36 boys and 24 girls), who had referred to speech therapy clinics in Isfahan. In the first stage, 10 parents received in-depth and open-ended interviews to collect information about social, emotional and behavioral disorders in children with stuttering. Afterwards, based on these information and the opinions of experts in psychology and speech therapy, the main constructs of the questionnaire were identified: "uncompromising/hyperactive behavior", "social skills", "communication skills", "aggression", "fear", and "separation anxiety". In the second stage, in order to determine the face validity, 10 experts were interviewed face to face. In order to determine the content validity, 15 other experts were asked to examine each item according. Content validity was determined by calculating the content validity ratio (CVR), content validity index (CVI), and total content validity (Lawshe method). Confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine the construct validity. In the last step, the internal consistency was determined by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and the relaibility was determined by test-retest method and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results The initial version consisted of 61 items and 6 subscales. According to the experts, by merging items with overlapping concepts, the number of items were reduced to 40. In the face validity assessment stage, items were examined based on difficulty, relevance, and ambiguity. The phrases were read several times, and the opinions of experts were applied. Then, it was reviewed by two experts in Persian literature and finally was approved. The CVR and CVI vaues were obtained 0.76 and 0.90, respectively. For its internal consistency, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was obtained 0.89 and ICC was more than 0.7 and significant (P<0.001). For the construct validity assessed in AMOS software, the calculated X2 was 631.25. The low number of X2 indicated a good fit of the model (P<0.000). Conclusion The designed questionnaire has acceptable validity and reliability and can be used as a reliable and valid tool for assessing social/emotional/behavioral disorders in Iranian preschool children with stuttering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Activities of daily living are activities that are formed in order to take care of the body and are essential for life and well-being and fundamental survival. These activities begin in infancy and are modified at different stages of development. Cultural values, parental expectations, social routines, and the physical environment influence daily activities. Concerns about children's use of time and daily activities are not new, but studies on them are rare. So to have more information and knowledge about children's lives and well-being, we need to have more information about their daily activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the time allocated to daily life activities based on the day of the week, age and gender in healthy children under 5 years in Isfahan. Materials & Methods: In this survey (descriptive-analytical) study in which healthy children under 5 years old in Isfahan were present, from different age groups according to the population of that age group, 240 girls and boys so that the number of girls and boys were equal in the age categories of less than 1 month, 2 to 3 months, 4 to 6 months, 7 to 12 months, 1 to 2 years and 3 to 5 years, were selected by multi-stage, stratified, cluster and convenience sampling. In order to collect research data, demographic questionnaire and time use diary tools were used. Results: The results showed that on weekdays, among the components of daily life activities, the most time with an average of 150.59 minutes per day is devoted to eating (and drinking) and the least time with an average of 0.02% per day is devoted to caring of Personal belongings, while in the last days on average the most time is spent eating (and drinking) and the least time is spent on other daily activities. In different age groups on weekdays, infants 0 to 1 month with an average of 273.35 minutes per day have the most time and children 25-60 months with an average of 154.65 minutes per day have the least time devoted to daily life activities on weekdays. Meanwhile, infants in the age group of 0-1 months on a weekend spent the most time on daily activities and children in the age group of 25-60 months spent the least time on daily activities. Girls and boys spent the most time eating (and drinking) among the activities of daily living on a weekend, while boys and girls spent the least time on other daily activities that are not categorized in this study. There was no significant difference Between the time allocated to daily life activities on weekdays and weekends and between the time allocated by girls and boys under 5 years old living in Isfahan on one day a week to activity of daily livings, both on weekdays and weekends (P>0.05). However, there is a significant difference between the time use of daily life activities in different age groups on weekdays and weekends (P<0.05), and finally, there is a difference between the time allocated to daily life activities on one day of the week and the weekend (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, age groups and days of the week are influential factors on daily activities, but gender has no effect on daily activity patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: The purpose of the present study is thematic analysis and scientific collaborations of research related to COVID-19 vaccine in Iran and the world based on scientific products indexed in Web of Science (WOS). Materials and Methods: The present study is a descriptive-analytical study with a scientometric approach and using the methods of content analysis and techniques of co-word analysis, hierarchical clustering, Strategic graph and social network analysis. The research population is scientific products related to COVID-19 vaccine in the world and in Iran. Data analysis was performed by HistCite, Bibexecl, Gephi and SPSS software; and the data mapping is done by VOS viewer. Results: Between 2019 and 2021, 6005 related studies were retrieved. Unites states is followed by India and China, and the United Kingdom has the most Links. Iran’s rank is 10th with 196 studies. Hierarchical clustering in global research led to the formation of 3 clusters (vaccine development strategy, medical prevention and immunotherapy) and in Iranian research led to the formation of 4 clusters (immunotherapy, diagnosis and treatment cycle, medical prevention and immunology). From scientific collaborations at the country level in world and Iranian studies, 5 clusters were formed, at the level of institutions, 17 and 10 clusters, respectively, and at the level of researchers, 10 and 8 clusters, respectively. Conclusion: Analysis and comparison of world and Iranian studies leads to a better understanding of the prevailing currents, Gaps and discourse in order to increase the quantity and quality of studies, followed by controlling and the eradication of COVID-19 in the shortest possible time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim Considering the increasing use of dental implants in replacing lost teeth, the odds of failure over time in this treatment are inevitable, as with other dental treatments; thus, it requires careful and regular follow-up. Accordingly, the present study aimed to evaluate the awareness and attitude of general dentists about the follow-up of the dental implants to create baseline information to schedule future workshops concerning dental implants. Methods & Materials In this analytic cross-sectional study, 98 general dentists of Arak City, Iran were evaluated. Questionnaires were designed in 3 sections, as follows: demographic, awareness, and attitude. After checking the validity and reliability of the questionnaires, they were distributed among the research participants. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, Chi-squared test, and Independent Samples t-tests. The significance level was considered 0.05. Ethical Considerations This article was approved by the Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1397.283). Results The average score of awareness of the questionnaires was equal to 10.8 (based on the score of 0-19); the mean score of attitude was measured as 12.8 (based on the score of 7-21). Fifty-Three of the explored dentists had performed implant treatment, whose awareness and attitude toward implants follow-up were significantly higher than those of the dentists who did not perform such treatment (P=0.0001). Work experience presented no significant effect on the examined dentists’ awareness and attitude (P>0.05). Conclusion General dentists have low awareness and attitude about implant follow-up. Follow-up plays an important role in the long-term success of implant therapy; therefore, dental education/retraining programs should be reviewed in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Attention to adolescent health is one of the Millennium Development Goals. Adolescent health planning to achieve an acceptable level of health and prevention of waste of capital should be based on attention to all aspects of health and performing needs assessment. Objective This study aims to determine the health needs of male adolescents in Iran and the factors associated with their needs. Materials and Methods This is a cross-sectional study. Participants were boys studying in the first and second year of high school in the fields of mathematics, experimental sciences, humanities, and technical sciences at public, non-profit, and gifted & talented schools in Rasht, Iran. The sampling was done using a multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data were collected by using a demographic form and the Male Adolescent Health Needs-Assessment Scale. Results The boys’ Mean±SD scores of physical, sexual, mental, and social health needs was 49.65±0.15, 11.39±0.12, 89.28±0.29 and 47.3±0.24, respectively. Majority of them obtained excellent scores in physical (76%) and mental health (94%) needs and a good score in social health (81.3%) need, while they earned a moderate score in sexual health need (57.8%). Liner regression analysis results showed that the physical health need of boys had a statistically significant relationship with the type of study school (P= 0.001); their sexual health need with age (P= 0.002), type of study school (P= 0.015), mother’s education (P= 0.025), and mother’s occupation (P= 0.005); their mental health need with the type of study school (P= 0.009), birth rank (P= 0.048), father’s job (P= 0.021), and mother’s job (P= 0.022); and their social health need with the type of study school (P= 0.001). Conclusion Most important health needs of male adolescents in Iran is sexual health need followed by social, physical and mental health needs. The most important factors related to their health needs are type of study school, mother’s job and education, birth rank, and father’s job. The results of this study can be effective and useful in designing and implementing need-based interventions to promote male adolescents’ health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim It is almost impossible to imagine life without electromagnetic waves. Such waves play a key role in the function of melatonin and create numerous diseases. Methods & Materials This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 230 kV substations in Golestan Province, Iran in 2016. In total, 44 workers of electrical substations (the case group) and 23 workers of healthcare centers (the control group) with 24-hour shift works were enrolled in this study. Ethical Considerations This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shahid Beheshti University Medical Sciences (Code: IR.SBMU.THNS.REC.1395.9). Results The obtained data suggested that 100% of the electric field intensity and the magnetic flux density measured at the substations were within the permissible range of occupational exposure. The mean level of melatonin in the case group was lower than that in the control group; however, no significant difference was observed in this regard (P=0.761). Additionally, there was no significant difference between melatonin level and age (P=0.381), work experience (P=0.213), job groups (P=0.515), and employee activity area (P=0.482). Conclusion According to this study, no significant relationship was observed between electromagnetic waves and melatonin levels. Moreover, electromagnetic waves were within the permissible exposure. Thus, electromagnetic waves did not affect the level of melatonin hormone in male employees of 230 kV substations in Golestan Province. However, there was a decrease in the case group, compared to the controls. Therefore, definite comments require further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annual Yearbook of the Faculty of Philosophy is the property of Faculty of Philosophy, "Ss. Cyril & Methodius" University in Skopje and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Atos de Pesquisa em Educação is the property of Atos de Pesquisa em Educacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses Alexander Sarajishvili's monograph "Fake Places of The Knight in the Panther's Skin". The study was periodically published in the journal "Moambe" from 1895 to 1901. The aim of the researcher's main work was to clear the text of "The Knight in the Panther's Skin" from the scribes, forgers, and to restore the text close to its original. Al. Sarajishvili established the principles of how and by what means these fake places can be identified. The article, based on specific examples, shows how the researcher tries to identify the places where the poem is inserted and how much his views were shared by his contemporary and later Rustvelologists in their research and various editions of the poem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The article discusses the 20th Conference of the Association of European Economics Education Research and the teaching of Economics and Social Sciences on the theme "Teaching the crisis in Europe" hosted by the Aix Marseille University in Provence, France on August 27- 29, 2014.

In the article the author talks about the periodical which focuses on topical problems of endocrinology, and endocrinology research in Bulgaria.

An editorial is presented, in which the author discusses about the periodical "International Journal of Computerized Dentistry," which was first published in 1998. It mentions periodicals' interdisciplinary approach creates interfaces between different fields of expertise and also intertwines research and practice. It also mentions the periodical publishes in bilingual.

Ukraine is a multi-religious country, where interconfessional conversions are a frequent phenomenon that requires scientific understanding. Like the problem of modern conversions, the issue of interconfessional conversions on Right- Bank Ukraine in 1793-1830 remains partially explored. Target setting. Some scholars have highlighted in their works some facts about interconfessional conversions in the period 1793-1830. However, their work covers either individual confessions or certain areas of Right-Bank Ukraine. However, there is a lack of work about conversions between all Christian confessions in the region throughout its territory at this time. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The issue of intercomfessional conversions on the Right Bank in the period 1793–1830 has been raised by O. Buravsky, B. Khikhlach, V. Los, and other scholars over the last decade, but it remains poorly studied due to the fragmentary nature of their researches. The research objective. To analyze the quantitative dimension of interconfessional conversions on Right- Bank Ukraine in 1793-1830, their nature, to compare the success of the Catholic- Uniate and Orthodox missions. The statement of basic materials. After the annexation of Right-Bank Ukraine in 1793–1795, the Russian Empire already in 1796 reached an Orthodox majority here by mass voluntary and forceful conversions. Violent conversions touched primarily Uniatism, which had varying degrees of rooting in the eastern and western parts of the region. In the following period, from 1797 to 1830, there was a partial return of the lost positions of the Uniate and Roman Catholic Churches,due to the conversion of dozens and hundreds of Orthodox to these confessions. The restoration of the positions of Uniatism and Roman Catholicism was caused by the legal chaos in the legislation of the region caused by the simultaneous action of the old Polish and new Russian legislation. Mass conversions to Orthodoxy after 1830 completely leveled the achievements of the Roman Catholic and Uniate mission among the Orthodox in the previous period. Conclusions. The period of 1793– 1830 in Right-Bank Ukraine regarding interconfessional conversions can be divided into two subperiods: 1793–1796, when the state-supported Orthodox mission was successful, and 1797–1830, the years of successful Roman Catholic and Uniate missions among the Orthodox. Further comparative study of the quantitative and qualitative measurement of interconfessional conversions in the region in 1793–1830 and adjacent periods and the study of local features of these conversions remains promising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the present stage, the individual approach is implemented in preschool education both as an independent methodological approach and as a component of personality-oriented, along with age and activity approaches. At the same time, in the conditions of subject-game environment as a space in which children with different individual differences meet in active interaction, teachers feel the need to quickly focus not so much on diverse lists of such differences, but on generalized characteristics of children. This determines the need to integrate individual and typological approaches in pedagogical work with children. Target setting. In age psychology and preschool pedagogy, research is conducted to study individual, individualtypological features of the development of preschool children. At the same time, the disclosure of the importance of the individual-typological approach as a methodological tool for the organization of children's activities by the teacher in the space of the subject-play environment was not the subject of special attention. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Individual-typological features of preschool children are studied by V. Kuzmenko, O. Brezhneva, V. Pasichnyk, M. Pitin, O. Reipolska, M. Yaroshyk. Substantiation of the individualtypological approach is done by revealing and clarifying the concepts of "individualization", "typology", "individual approach", "typological approach", "individual-typological approach". The research objective The subjectplay environment of a preschool institution is mostly focused on taking into account the age characteristics of preschool children. At the same time, its individual and typological differences are clearly revealed in play activities as the leading activity of a preschool child and communication. Under such circumstances, in establishing real interaction with children and children with each other, the teacher is faced with the task of taking into account the most important for the organization of communication and play activities of their development. The statement of basic materials. The article reveals the peculiarities of the implementation of individual and typological approaches in preschool education. The optimal set of individual psychological differences for the division of children in the subject-play environment into typological subgroups is substantiated. For this purpose, the following criteria are identified: 1. Type of temperament. 2. Socio-communicative competence. 3. Game competence. 4. Basic personality traits. Conclusions. In preschool pedagogy and practice of preschool education institutions, the individual-typological approach has not been properly studied and has not been widely used. The individual approach is more widely known. However, in working with children with normal ontogenesis, individualization is realized sporadically, in the form of separate, unrelated techniques aimed at taking into account randomly selected individual psychological differences of children. The individual-typological approach is called to change this situation, which allows to divide all children into typological subgroups and to carry out differentiated work with them, to focus on type-forming characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interaction with urban space is at the heart of our everyday lives. It is not just its use, but its understanding, appropriation and giving value or super-value that defines us as citizens and citizens. This proves that politicians recognise certain territories (cities) as territories over which a certain idea dominates, related to it, its retransmitters and attempts to influence them. Urban changes, in turn, cause the mobility of cultural meanings according to which people live and are oriented. Target setting. Urban matter is needed by the modern community to construct the world. The city becomes an image of a rational man-made world. But if the universe for man is mediated by urban space and assimilated through urban structures, the question of their essence arises. A separate gap in this circle of questions about the foundations of such a universe through the organization of urban life is to find an answer to the question of what it is in urban space that indicates, fixes and reflects representations of the world and the self. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. In order to fully develop the research objective (analysis of sacred meanings in culture and society), the original theoretical works were studies on semiotics by Roland Barthes and Yuri Lotman, explanations of sacredness in the works of Peter Berger and Mircea Eliade, disclosure of mechanisms of urban space organisation in the works of Amos Rapoport and Spiro Kostof and interpretation of the polycentric phenomenon based on the concept of the city as metacollector by Peter Sloterdijk. Practical illustrative material on sacralisation in cities is provided by studies of Berlin by Aleida Asman, the cultural monuments of Paris by Henri Lefebvre and American civil religion. Among the national studies of sacred space in its various correlations with urban reality, a certain research ground is already forming in the studies of F. Tikhomirov, K. Belikov, and A. Sorochuk. The research objective. The aim of the article is to analyse the problem of identifying cultural meanings in urban sacred space and to illustrate contemporary processes of sacralisation in the city. Analysing the experiences of Berlin, Paris, New York and Indianapolis, we will try to illustrate exactly what kind of transformation contemporary urban spaces are experiencing, how sacralisation of urban objects occurs and what becomes the basis for such sacralisation of urban spaces. It is the translation of the conversation about the sacred in the contemporary city into a theoretical plane and the consideration of the mechanisms of sacralisation as a first approximation that will be the subject of this exploration. The statement of basic materials. The article examines the phenomena of sacralisation of cultural heritage objects (if such urban objects are "icons" and part of the symbolic identity), the role of civil religion in the sacralisation of urban space objects (using the examples of New York's Ground Zero space, the memorial to the murdered Jews of Europe in Berlin). Emphasis is placed on the peculiar migration of "religious" terminology into everyday urban discourse (use of stable designations: city icon, city-icon, "desecration of an architectural structure"). Emphasis is placed on the hybridity of urban spaces and the emergence of a multiplicity of urban sacral centres. Conclusions. The sacral framework of the modern city consists of sacralised objects that organise the grid of urban coordinates and help new citizens integrate into the urban field of meaning. Modern sacralisation does not disappear, but fragments; it can be characterised as plural sacralisation, because the city is inhabited by communities united on different grounds, on different grounds, and their sacredness in the city can be fundamentally different from that of another community. The facts of sacralisation of contemporary urban space, point to the continuity of this process as opposed to the studies that tend to speak of a one hundred percent secularisation of urban space. The aforementioned sacralization of urban landscapes, spaces, objects and structures, we see as a promising topic that requires further detailed consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]