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In the domain ofintellectual property (IP), the Geographical Indication (GI) is deemed to be a sleeping beauty due to its imperial reverberation in consolidating cultural and economic values, particularly in the developing and least developed countries. Bangladesh, being rich in cultural diversities and traditions, has a number of world famous foodstuffs, handicrafts, agricultural products and cultural heritage that could qualify as geographical indications. In this context, the country introduced a sui generis method of GI protection with the promulgation of the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 2013, which was also monumental in discharging Bangladesh's obligation under the WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). The present paper has :firstly chosen to examine the concept of the GI and its legal framework from the IP perspective in order to safeguard both the cultural legacy and genuine producers of geographically exhibiting products of Bangladesh. The key focus of this paper is, however, on the compatibility of TRIPS to Bangladeshi law, particularly inrelation to the aspects of protection and registration of Gls, and to identify the unexplored challenges that the country is supposed to confront as a developing nation. Finally, this article portrays some way-outs to combat potential challenges and help ensure the prospects of Bangladesh in an ever expanding local and global market of GI goods.

Purpose – Instructors and students are compelled to calibrate to overcome pedagogical, technological and social challenges posed by the rapid adaptation of open and distance learning (ODL) in view of the current global pandemic. Against this backdrop, this study explored the impact of team dynamics (TD), team acquaintance (TA) and instructor support (IS) in ensuring team satisfaction (TS) in an academic writing course in an online collaborative learning environment. Methodology – This study employed a sequential mixed methods design. Quantitative data was obtained through a survey questionnaire from 67 students enrolled in an academic writing course based on convenience sampling from three different faculties of a Malaysian university. Subsequently, eight purposively selected students who represented each faculty and of varied language proficiency were interviewed in a focus group discussion (FGD) for in-depth feedback about the variables and how these impacted TS as a whole. The quantitative data was analysed using descriptive analysis, regression and chi square tests while thematic analysis was conducted accordingly on the qualitative data in addressing the specific research questions. Findings – This study manifested a positive and significant correlation between TD and TS. The integral and supportive role of IS has been found to be substantially important in ensuring success in collaborative group work in ODL. Although qualitative data showed amicable relationship and cultural homogeneity, the quantitative findings did not indicate the significant role of TA in meeting the requirements of the course, that is, working collaboratively to accomplish academic writing tasks. Significance – This study provides useful insights into the success of an online collaborative learning context. The findings also serve to guide educators in designing, delivering and navigating effective pedagogy in the ODL environment.

The role of labour and industrial laws is of paramount importance when the economy of a country depends largely on its industrial sector. In addition, the necessary infrastructure for investments in natural resources is also important. It is clear that if these essential elements are not available then the growth of the industrial sector is hardly feasible. Besides all these, the proper management of labour is essential for the growth of the industrial sector including managing labour issues. Thus timely disposal of labour disputes is also important. However, in most cases labour law disputes are not solved within a short period of time causing remedies which are essential for these disputes to be delayed. Labour laws are important from the Bangladesh perspective as it is crucial for the industrial development of the country. Labour is an important part of an industry and as such an industry without labour would be inconceivable. Although labour rights are crucial in Bangladesh, employees are ignorant about their rights as they do not have adequate education and knowledge about labour laws. This is a huge problem. This paper aims to narrow the gap between existing laws and the real scenario relating to industrial practices in Bangladesh.

The role of labour and industrial laws is of paramount importance when the economy of a country depends largely on its industrial sector. In addition, the necessary infrastructure for investments in natural resources is also important. It is clear that if these essential elements are not available then the growth of the industrial sector is hardly feasible. Besides all these, the proper management of labour is essential for the growth of the industrial sector including managing labour issues. Thus timely disposal of labour disputes is also important. However, in most cases labour law disputes are not solved within a short period of time causing remedies which are essential for these disputes to be delayed. Labour laws are important from the Bangladesh perspective as it is crucial for the industrial development of the country. Labour is an important part of an industry and as such an industry without labour would be inconceivable. Although labour rights are crucial in Bangladesh, employees are ignorant about their rights as they do not have adequate education and knowledge about labour laws. This is a huge problem. This paper aims to narrow the gap between existing laws and the real scenario relating to industrial practices in Bangladesh.

The role of labour and industrial laws is of paramount importance when the economy of a country depends largely on its industrial sector. In addition, the necessary infrastructure for investments in natural resources is also important. It is clear that if these essential elements are not available then the growth of the industrial sector is hardly feasible. Besides all these, the proper management of labour is essential for the growth of the industrial sector including managing labour issues. Thus timely disposal of labour disputes is also important. However, in most cases labour law disputes are not solved within a short period of time causing remedies which are essential for these disputes to be delayed. Labour laws are important from the Bangladesh perspective as it is crucial for the industrial development of the country. Labour is an important part of an industry and as such an industry without labour would be inconceivable. Although labour rights are crucial in Bangladesh, employees are ignorant about their rights as they do not have adequate education and knowledge about labour laws. This is a huge problem. This paper aims to narrow the gap between existing laws and the real scenario relating to industrial practices in Bangladesh.